24-month outcomes after switching to Dolutegravir/Lamivudine in people living with HIV and HBcAb positivity at the Beijing Ditan Hospital in China.

Background: Dolutegravir/lamivudine (DTG/3TC) is a recommended therapy regimen for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative people living with HIV (PLWH) who have achieved HIV virological suppression or are treatment-naïve. However, this may overlook the impact of occult hepatitis B infection on HIV suppression, which mainly present as hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) positive but HBsAg negative. We aim to assess the effect of HBcAb positivity on HIV suppression among PLWH who had switched to DTG/3TC.

CaCO-coated indoxacarb deep eutectic solvent complexed with diatomaceous earth improves insecticidal activity against the red imported fire ants.

The red imported fire ants (RIFAs) are a globally important invasive pest that severely affects the ecosystem and human health, and its current control is primarily through chemical pesticides. However, the extensive use of chemical pesticides causes environmental problems, and alternative strategies for controlling this pest are being explored. In our study, we aimed to design a deep eutectic solvent (DES)-CaCO system in which RIFAs were used as target insects to increase the lethal activity and behavioural regulation effects on RIFAs via contact and feeding.

Widely Targeted Metabolomics Method Reveals Differences in Volatile and Nonvolatile Metabolites in Three Different Varieties of Raw Peanut by GC-MS and HPLC-MS.

The aim of the present study was to comprehensively analyze and identify the metabolites of different varieties of raw peanut, as well as provide a reference for the utilization of different varieties of peanuts. In this study, three varieties of peanuts, namely ZKH1H, ZKH13H, and CFD, were investigated via ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and widely targeted metabolomics methods based on tandem mass spectrometry (MS) and solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS). In total, 417 nonvolatile and 55 volatile substances were detected.

Inhibitory interferon regulatory factor 5 binding peptide suppresses abdominal aortic aneurysm expansion in vivo.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a critical condition characterized by the expansion of the infrarenal aorta, often leading to high mortality upon rupture. The absence of treatment for asymptomatic AAAs urgently necessitates uncovering the underlying mechanisms of their development. This study utilized mice to induce AAA through porcine pancreatic elastase with BAPN feeding and found that mice receiving the IRF5-binding peptide (IBP) demonstrated significantly slowed AAA expansion and reduced adventitia degradation compared to the control group.

Reasons, Efficacy and Safety of Switching to Dolutegravir-Based Regimens Among Virologically Suppressed PLWH: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 96 Weeks.

Purpose: The study aimed to explore the reasons, efficacy, and safety of switching to dolutegravir (DTG) based regimens in virologically suppressed people living with HIV (PLWH) in tertiary hospitals in China. Therefore, the study could provide a valuable reference for the rational clinical use of DTG.

Methods: PLWH's basic information, treatment details, and reasons for switching were collected, through the electrical clinical medical record system and telephone follow-up.

Realization of Fine-Tuning the Lattice Thermal Conductivity and Anharmonicity in Layered Semiconductors via Entropy Engineering.

Entropy engineering is widely proven to be effective in achieving ultra-low thermal conductivity for well-performed thermoelectric and heat management applications. However, no strong correlation between entropy and lattice thermal conductivity is found until now, and the fine-tuning of thermal conductivity continuously via entropy-engineering in a wide entropy range is still lacking. Here, a series of high-entropy layered semiconductors, Ni (FeCoMnZn)PS, where 0 ≤ x < 1, with low mass/size disorder is designed.

Diaryldiazoketones as Effective Carbene Sources for Highly Selective Rh(II)-Catalyzed Intermolecular C-H Functionalization.

A novel donor/acceptor carbene intermediate has been developed using diaryldiazoketones as carbene precursors. In the presence of the chiral dirhodium catalyst, Rh(-TPPTTL), diaryldiazoketones undergo highly regio-, stereo-, and diastereoselective C-H functionalization of activated and unactivated secondary and tertiary C-H bonds. Computational studies revealed that the arylketo group behaves differently than the carboxylate acceptor group because the orientation of the arylketo group predetermines which face of the carbene will be attacked.

Toxicity and Behavior-Altering Effects of Three Nanomaterials on Red Imported Fire Ants and Their Effectiveness in Combination with Indoxacarb.

The red imported fire ant ( Buren) is one of the 100 worst invasive alien species in the world. At present, the control of red imported fire ants is still mainly based on chemical control, and the most commonly used is indoxacarb bait. In this study, the contact and feeding toxicity of 16 kinds of nanomaterials to workers, larvae, and reproductive ants were evaluated after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h.

Microenvironment reconstitution of highly active Ni single atoms on oxygen-incorporated MoC for water splitting.

The rational design of efficient bifunctional single-atom electrocatalysts for industrial water splitting and the comprehensive understanding of its complex catalytic mechanisms remain challenging. Here, we report a Ni single atoms supported on oxygen-incorporated MoC via Ni-O-Mo bridge bonds, that gives high oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) bifunctional activity. By ex situ synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy and electron microscopy, we found that after HER, the coordination number and bond lengths of Ni-O and Ni-Mo (Ni-O-Mo) were all altered, yet the Ni species still remain atomically dispersed.

Toxicity and Behavioral Effects of Amending Soils with Biochar on Red Imported Fire Ants, .

, often known as the red imported fire ants (RIFAs), is a well-known global invasive ant species that can be found in agricultural, urban, and natural environments worldwide. Simultaneously, it also inhabits the soil. Biochar is generated by the pyrolysis of organic matter under high-temperature anoxic environments and widely used in agricultural ecosystems and soil amendment.

Nickel-Catalyzed Electroreductive Coupling of Alkylpyridinium Salts and Aryl Halides.

An electrochemical, nickel-catalyzed reductive coupling of alkylpyridinium salts and aryl halides is reported. High-throughput experimentation (HTE) was employed for rapid reaction optimization and evaluation of a broad scope of pharmaceutically relevant structurally diverse aryl halides, including complex drug-like substrates. In addition, the transformation is compatible with both primary and secondary alkylpyridinium salts with distinct conditions.

Diastereoselective Reductive Etherification Via High-Throughput Experimentation: Access to Pharmaceutically Relevant Alkyl Ethers.

This manuscript describes the development of the first diastereoselective intermolecular synthesis of alkyl ethers via reductive etherification of diverse ketones or aldehydes with alcohols. Key to this development was the use of low-temperature high-throughput experimentation (HTE) technologies that enabled rapid reaction optimizations and parallel synthesis. A broad scope of pharmaceutically relevant substrates was surveyed, which formed alkyl ethers effectively.

Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Extended C4-Symmetric Dirhodium Tetracarboxylate Catalysts.

The synthesis and evaluation of six C-symmetric bowl-shaped dirhodium tetracarboxylate catalysts are described. These elaborate high symmetry catalysts are readily generated by means of the self-assembly of four C-symmetric ligands around the dirhodium core. These catalysts are capable of highly site-selective, diastereoselective and enantioselective C-H functionalization reactions by means of donor/acceptor carbene-induced C-H insertions.

-Phthalimide as a Site-Protecting and Stereodirecting Group in Rhodium-Catalyzed C-H Functionalization with Donor/Acceptor Carbenes.

The rhodium-catalyzed enantioselective C-H functionalization of unactivated C-H bonds by means of donor/acceptor carbene-induced C-H insertion was extended to substrates containing nitrogen functionality. The rhodium-stabilized donor/acceptor carbenes were generated by rhodium-catalyzed decomposition of aryldiazoacetates. The phthalimido group was the optimum nitrogen protecting group.

Isolation and identification of the endophytic fungus J2-3 and its disease-preventive and growth-promoting effects on cucumber.

There are many problems that result from the use of a large number of chemical pesticides to control plant diseases, including pathogenic bacteria resistance, environmental contamination, and human health effects. Recently, endophytic fungi have become a significant source of bioactive fungicide products and an invaluable resource for excavating microbial pesticides. In this study, endophytic fungi with biocontrol potential were isolated and screened from Mikania micrantha leaves, stems, and roots.

Modulating the Asymmetric Atomic Interface of Copper Single Atoms for Efficient CO Electroreduction.

Cu single-atom catalysts (Cu SACs) have been considered as promising catalysts for efficient electrocatalytic CO reduction reactions (ECRRs). However, the reports on Cu SACs with an asymmetric atomic interface to obtain CO are few. Herein, we rationally designed two Cu SACs with different asymmetric atomic interfaces to explore their catalytic performance.

ATG101-related signature predicts prognosis and therapeutic option in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Autophagy plays a critical role in tumor pathogenesis. However, autophagy-related signature in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been revealed yet. We quantified the levels of various cancer hallmarks and identified ATG101 as the major risk factor for overall survival in HCC.

Highly dispersed Ru clusters toward an efficient and durable hydrogen oxidation reaction.

Here, Ru clusters supported on nitrogen-doped hollow carbon spheres show a remarkable activity and durability toward the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and H-O fuel cell performance in alkaline media. Theoretical simulations indicate that Ru clusters endow a thermodynamically favourable HOR kinetics and an optimal hydrogen adsorption affinity.

Discovery and characterization of tumor antigens in hepatocellular carcinoma for mRNA vaccine development.

Background: mRNA vaccines are emerging as new targets for cancer immunotherapy. However, the potential tumor antigens for mRNA vaccine design in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain to be elucidated.

Methods: Genetic and RNA-Seq data were obtained from TCGA and ICGC.

Antioxidant Activities and Allelopathic Potential of Chonemorpha splendens Chun et Tsiang Stem Methanol Extract.

Finding agriculturally active compounds from nature or finding active lead compounds from natural products, artificial synthesis and structural modification are the main ways to create new agrochemical. In order to explore the agricultural activities of Chonemorpha splendens Chun et Tsiang (C. splendens), an important medicinal plant, the antioxidant activities and allelopathic potential were investigated.