Uncovering strain- and age-dependent innate immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in air-liquid-interface cultured nasal epithelia.

Continuous assessment of the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the host at the cell-type level is crucial for understanding key mechanisms involved in host defense responses to viral infection. We investigated host response to ancestral-strain and Alpha-variant SARS-CoV-2 infections within air-liquid-interface human nasal epithelial cells from younger adults (26-32 Y) and older children (12-14 Y) using single-cell RNA-sequencing. Ciliated and secretory-ciliated cells formed the majority of highly infected cell-types, with the latter derived from ciliated lineages.

Evaluation of the mental health status of community frontline medical workers after the normalized management of COVID-19 in Sichuan, China.

Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, community medical workers, as the primary enforcers of community control measures, undertook many tasks with high exposure risk, resulting in severe psychological pressure, anxiety, depression and other psychological problems. Gender, type of workers, education, marital status, working years and other demographic factors were affect the mental state of medical workers. Community frontline medical workers gradually returned to normal work and life after the normalized management of COVID-19, but heavy work and high psychological pressure may continue to affect them.

Visible Light-Mediated Organoboron-Catalyzed Metal-Free Synthesis of Silanols from Silanes.

Herein, a four-coordinated organoboron compound, aminoquinoline diarylboron (AQDAB), is utilized as the photocatalyst in the oxidation of silane to silanol. This strategy effectively oxidizes Si-H bonds, affording Si-O bonds. Generally, the corresponding silanols can be obtained in moderate to good yields at room temperature under oxygen atmospheres, representing a green protocol to complement the existing preparation methods for silanols.

Effect of statin use on risk and mortality of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis.

The effect of statins on gastric cancer risk is still controversial. And studies on the association between statins and gastric cancer mortality are very limited. Therefore, we conducted this systemic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between the use of statin and gastric cancer.

Riccati transfer equations for fluid structure interaction in liquid-filled piping systems.

In this paper, based on the Riccati transfer matrix method (RTMM), the Riccati fluid structure interaction transfer equations (FSIRTE) are established to improve the numerical stability of the classical fluid structure interaction transfer matrix method (FSITMM). Combined with numerical algorithms for eliminating the singularity points of the Riccati equations, the spare root problem in the calculation process is solved. This method can be used for the natural frequency calculation of liquid-filled piping systems.

Accuracy of Raman spectroscopy in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the accuracy of Raman spectroscopy in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Methods: Databases including Web of Science, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, CBM, CNKI, Wan Fang Data, and VIP were electronically searched for studies on Raman spectroscopy in diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease from inception to November 2022. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies.

Chlorination of trichlorosilane/chlorodimethylsilane using metal chlorides: experimental and mechanistic investigations.

Removal of carbonaceous impurities from trichlorosilane (SiHCl) reduces the carbon content of solar grade polysilicon produced with the improved Siemens method. The separation of chlorodimethylsilane (CH)SiHCl from SiHCl by distillation remains challenging due to the small difference in their boiling points. Herein, the chlorination of (CH)SiHCl/SiHCl with metal chlorides (WCl, MoCl) were studied.

Nonlinear motor-mechanism coupling tank gun control system based on adaptive radial basis function neural network optimised computed torque control.

This study investigates the spatial pointing control of a motor-mechanism coupling tank gun. The tank gun control system (TGCS) is driven and stabilised by the motor servo system. However, complicated nonlinearities in the TGCS are inevitable, such as friction, parameter uncertainty, and modelling errors.

Evaluation of Carbon Nanoparticle Suspension and Methylene Blue Localization for Preoperative Localization of Nonpalpable Breast Lesions: A Comparative Study.

The resection of nonpalpable breast lesions (NPBLs) largely depends on the preoperative localization technology. Although several techniques have been used for the guidance of NPBL resection, more comfortable and effective methods are needed. This aim of this study was to evaluate the use and feasibility of carbon nanoparticle suspension (CNS) and methylene blue (MB)-guided resection of NPBL, to introduce alternative techniques.

Evaluation of the mental health status of community healthcare workers during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread across China and many countries worldwide, and community healthcare workers at the front lines of disease control are under high physical and mental pressure. This study investigated the mental health status of community healthcare workers during the COVID-19 outbreak in Sichuan Province, China. This cross-sectional study, which was conducted from February 8 to 18, 2020, involved 450 healthcare workers in 18 community hospitals who had worked for more than 1 year.

DCA-TGR5 signaling activation alleviates inflammatory response and improves cardiac function in myocardial infarction.

Aims: The progression of myocardial infarction (MI) involves multiple metabolic disorders. Bile acid metabolites have been increasingly recognized as pleiotropic signaling molecules that regulate multiple cardiovascular functions. G protein-coupled bile acid receptor (TGR5) is one of the receptors sensing bile acids to mediate their biological functions.

Synthesis of nano-octahedral MgO a solvothermal-solid-decomposition method for the removal of methyl orange from aqueous solutions.

Nano magnesium oxide has wide applications, and MgO with (111) facets has wider potential applications than MgO with (100) facets (, in catalysis and adsorption). However, nano MgO with (111) polar faces has not been studied throughly, so the preparation of nano-octahedral MgO (N-O-MgO) with eight exposed (111) facets remains a great challenge. Herein, we successfully synthesised N-O-MgO an effective solvothermal-solid-decomposition method and studied its adsorption performance.

Constructing Unique Cross-Sectional Structured Mixed Matrix Membranes by Incorporating Ultrathin Microporous Nanosheets for Efficient CO Separation.

Ultrathin microporous nanosheets denoted as Zn-tetra-(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (Zn-TCPP) were synthesized and incorporated into a Pebax MH 1657 (Pebax) polymer to fabricate mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for efficient CO separation. The Zn-TCPP nanosheets with a microporous structure provide high-speed channels for fast CO transport and shorten the diffusion pathways, both contributing toward high CO permeability. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy results indicate that the ultrathin Zn-TCPP nanosheets with an ultrahigh aspect ratio (>200) tend to arrange horizontally in the Pebax matrix.

Public mobilisation in implementation of smoke-free Beijing: a social media complaint platform.

In November 2014, Beijing People's Congress adopted the Beijing Smoking Control Ordinance and a key provision bans smoking in all indoor public places, workplaces and on public transport. To ensure effective implementation of the ordinance, the government calls on the whole society to take part. In response, Beijing Tobacco Control Association, with the support of a local technology company, developed the Beijing Tobacco Control Map, a digital system that enables comprehensive tobacco control information collection, data visualisation and mapping.

Multivisceral IgG4-related disease presenting as recurrent massive gastrointestinal bleeding: a case report and literature review.

Background: IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a newly recognized autoimmune systemic disorder characterized by elevated levels of serum IgG4 and abundant infiltration of IgG4-positive plasmacytes in the affected organs. The liver, biliary system and pancreas are the most commonly affected organs. However, involvement of the digestive tract is very rare.

Cardiac Hypertrophy is Positively Regulated by MicroRNA‑24 in Rats.

Background: MicroRNA-24 (miR-24) plays an important role in heart failure by reducing the efficiency of myocardial excitation-contraction coupling. Prolonged cardiac hypertrophy may lead to heart failure, but little is known about the role of miR-24 in cardiac hypertrophy. This study aimed to preliminarily investigate the function of miR-24 and its mechanisms in cardiac hypertrophy.

Mixed matrix membranes with fast and selective transport pathways for efficient CO separation.

To improve CO separation performance, porous carbon nanosheets (PCNs) were used as a filler into a Pebax MH 1657 (Pebax) matrix, fabricating mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). The PCNs exhibited a preferential horizontal orientation within the Pebax matrix because of the extremely large 2D plane and nanoscale thickness of the matrix. Therefore, the micropores of the PCNs provided fast CO transport pathways, which led to increased CO permeability.

AMPK-KLF2 signaling pathway mediates the proangiogenic effect of erythropoietin in endothelial colony-forming cells.

Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) were proved to take part in postnatal vasculogenesis and injury repair. The angiogenic properties of ECFCs could be influenced by various cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a promising cytokine participating in angiogenesis.

Different roles of β-arrestin and the PKA pathway in mitochondrial ROS production induced by acute β-adrenergic receptor stimulation in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in various physiological and pathological processes mediated by β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) in cardiomyocytes. However, the sources and signaling pathways involved in ROS production induced by acute β-AR activation have not yet been fully defined. In primary neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes (NMCMs), the β-AR agonist isoproterenol (ISO) induced a rapid increase in mitochondrial ROS and total ROS production.

IL-18 cleavage triggers cardiac inflammation and fibrosis upon β-adrenergic insult.

Aims: Rapid over-activation of β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) upon stress leads to cardiac inflammation, a prevailing factor that underlies heart injury. However, mechanisms by which acute β-AR stimulation induce cardiac inflammation still remain unknown. Here, we set out to identify the crucial role of inflammasome/interleukin (IL)-18 in initiating and maintaining cardiac inflammatory cascades upon β-AR insult.

Quantitative proteomics reveals key proteins regulated by eicosapentaenoic acid in endothelial activation.

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), has been shown to decrease the risk of atherosclerosis by attenuating endothelial activation. In this study, we used mass spectrometry-based label-free quantitative proteomics to study the protective mechanisms of EPA and to identify key proteins that regulated by EPA in endothelial activation. Arachidonic acid (AA) was used as a control.

Metformin attenuates angiotensin II-induced TGFβ1 expression by targeting hepatocyte nuclear factor-4-α.

Background And Purpose: Metformin, a small molecule, antihyperglycaemic agent, is a well-known activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and protects against cardiac fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. TGFβ1 is a key cytokine mediating cardiac fibrosis.

Exacerbated cardiac fibrosis induced by β-adrenergic activation in old mice due to decreased AMPK activity.

Senescent hearts exhibit defective responses to β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) over-activation upon stress, leading to more severe pathological cardiac remodelling. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in protecting against ageing-associated cardiac remodelling in mice upon β-AR over-activation.

Metformin is a novel suppressor for transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1.

Metformin is a widely used first-line antidiabetic drug that has been shown to protect against a variety of specific diseases in addition to diabetes, including cardiovascular disorders, polycystic ovary syndrome, and cancer. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the diverse therapeutic effects of metformin remain elusive. Here, we report that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), which is involved in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, is a novel target of metformin.

[Proliferation of neural progenitor cells in the subventricular zone and around the hematoma after intracerebral hemorrhage in adult rat].

Objective: To examine the proliferation of the neural progenitor cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and around the hematoma after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in adult rats.

Methods: ICH was induced by stereotactic injection of type VII collagenase into the corpus striatum of adult rats, followed by pulse or continuous intrapenitoneal injection of bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) to label the proliferating cells. The rats were sacrificed on days 2, 7, 14 and 28 following the ICH for immunohistochemistry of the tissues in the SVZ and around the hemotoma to determine the number of Brdu- immunoreactive cells.