Complex of Lauric Acid Monoglyceride and Cinnamaldehyde Ameliorated Subclinical Necrotic Enteritis in Yellow-Feathered Broilers by Regulating Gut Morphology, Barrier, Inflammation and Serum Biochemistry.

This experiment investigated the benefits of plant essential oil (EO) composed with lauric acid monoglyceride and cinnamaldehyde on necrotic enteritis-challenged broilers. A total of 180 1-day-old healthy yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates of 15 chicks each. The experimental groups were as follows: the control group (CON) was fed with the basal diet and was not challenged by (EA) and (CP); CPEA group was also fed with a basal diet, but infected with CP and EA; CPEA_EO350 group and CPEA_EO500 group were fed with a basal diet supplemented with 350 and 500 mg/kg EO, respectively, and all infected with CP and EA.

Insights into Biodegradation Related Metabolism in an Abnormally Low Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) Petroleum-Contaminated Aquifer by Metagenomics Analysis.

In petroleum-contaminated aquifers, biodegradation is always associated with various types of microbial metabolism. It can be classified as autotrophic (such as methanogenic and other carbon fixation) and heterotrophic (such as nitrate/sulfate reduction and hydrocarbon consumption) metabolism. For each metabolic type, there are several key genes encoding the reaction enzymes, which can be identified by metagenomics analysis.

[Microbial Community Distributions in Soils of an Oil Exploitation Site].

To design a reasonable and effective remediation scheme for soil in contaminated sites, it is necessary to understand the microbial communities in the soil. Samples were collected at different depths (0 cm to 400 cm) in four locations: one that was persistently contaminated and near an oil well, one that was historically contaminated in the middle of the site, one in a mud pit, and one in farmland. High-throughput sequencing of the V4 region of 16S rRNA in these samples was performed.

Spatial and temporal variation of soil organic carbon in the North China Plain.

The organic carbon, permeability test, grain size, chemical composition, and mineral composition were analyzed for 147 samples collected from the Luan River catchment, Hebei province, China, to quantitatively characterize the effects of land use, climate change, sedimentary environment, mineral composition, and chemical composition on the spatial and temporal variation of soil organic carbon (SOC). The results indicate that there was higher SOC content and stronger variation in the south plain than in the northern low mountain. The effects of land use, climate change, and sedimentary environment on SOC distribution were greater than the effects of mineral composition and chemical composition.

Up-regulation of FOS-like antigen 1 contributes to neuronal apoptosis in the cortex of rat following traumatic brain injury.

Neuronal apoptosis is an important process of secondary brain injury which is induced by neurochemical signaling cascades after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Present study was designed to investigate whether FOS-like antigen 1 (Fra-1) is involved in the neuronal apoptosis. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry in a rat TBI model revealed a significant increase in the expression of Fra-1 in the ipsilateral brain cortex, which was in parallel with increase in the expression of active caspase-3.

Hck Promotes Neuronal Apoptosis Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

The hematopoietic cell kinase (Hck) is a member of the Src family protein kinases which regulates many signal transduction pathways including cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis. However, the expression and function of Hck after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are unknown. Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence showed that Hck was obviously up-regulation in neurons adjacent to the hematoma after ICH.

Upregulated Expression of Karyopherin α2 is Involved in Neuronal Apoptosis Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Adult Rats.

Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) plays a central role in nucleocytoplasmic transport. It is involved in controlling the flow of genetic information and the modulation of diverse cellular activities. Here we explored the KPNA2's roles during the pathophysiological processes of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

USP11, Deubiquitinating Enzyme, Associated with Neuronal Apoptosis Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Protein ubiquitination is a dynamic two-way process that can be reversed or regulated by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUB). USP11, located on the X chromosome, 6 is a member of USP subclass of the DUB family. Here, we demonstrate that USP11 may be involved in neuronal apoptosis in the processes of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Up-regulation of PSMB4 is associated with neuronal apoptosis after neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide.

Proteasomes are major intracellular extralysosomal organelle for protein degradation and a central source of antigenic peptides in the endogenous pathway. Proteasome beta-4 subunit (PSMB4) was recently identified as potential cancer driver genes in several tumors. However, information regarding its regulation and possible function in the central nervous system is still limited.

Antidepressant-like effects of auraptenol in mice.

Depression is a major psychiatric disorder affecting nearly 21% of the world population and imposes a substantial health burden on society. Current available antidepressants are not adequate to meet the clinical needs. Here we report that auraptenol, an active component of the traditional Chinese medicine, angelicae dahuricae radix, had antidepressant-like effects in mice models of depression.

Inhibitory influence of ginsenoside Rb(3) on activation of strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors in hippocampal neurons of rat.

Whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rb(3) (Rb(3)), an active constituent of Panax ginseng, on glycine receptor activity in immature hippocampal neurons, which were dissociated acutely from hippocampal CA(1) area in Sprague-Dawley rats aging 10-14 days using the method of enzyme digestion with mechanical dissociation. As a result, glycine elicited an inward current (I(gly)) in a concentration-dependent manner in approximately 86% of those isolated neurons tested. This current was strychnine-sensitive.