Near-infrared SPR biosensor based on photonic crystal fiber for DNA hybridization detection.

Background: Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing technology has been widely used in biometrics, but the weak detection capability and low sensitivity limit the development of SPR biosensors. In this work, we propose to employ the transition metal disulfide (TMD) material MoS to induce the SPR effect into the near-infrared band. The aim of this work is to develop a near-infrared sensor capable of quantitatively detecting the concentration of cDNA, which is able to solve the problems of low sensitivity, parameter crosstalk and so on.

Biomechanic Differences Between Anticipated and Unanticipated Volleyball Block Jump: Implications for Lower Limb Injury Risk.

Volleyball is a high-intensity sport characterized by repetitive jumping, sudden directional changes, and overhead movements, all of which significantly increase the risk of injuries, particularly to the shoulders, knees, and ankles. Despite the frequency of injuries caused by actions like blocking and spiking, there has been limited research focused on the specific biomechanical risk factors unique to volleyball. This study aimed to investigate the lower limb biomechanics during block jumps in both the dominant and non-dominant directions, under both anticipated and unanticipated conditions, in fifteen elite male volleyball players.

Low crosstalk heterogeneous sixteen-core four-mode fiber with concave-convex double-type refractive index profiles.

Multi-core few-mode fiber based on space division multiplexing technology is widely regarded as the primary solution to the optical communication capacity issue. However, the quality of the communication signal of the multi-core few-mode fiber depends on the degree of energy coupling between the cores. Thus, we propose a heterogeneous sixteen-core four-mode fiber that achieves low inter-core crosstalk, which first employs a combination of concave and convex double-type refractive index profiles.

Effect of whole-body cryotherapy on recovery after high-intensity training in elite rowers.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) on acute recovery after a single high-intensity training day. Twelve elite professional male rowers from the national aquatic training base. They were randomly divided into a WBC group (n = 6) and a control group (CON group, n = 6).

De novo transcriptome profiling reveals the patterns of gene expression in plum fruits with bud mutations.

Unlabelled: Bud mutation is a common technique for plant breeding and can provide a large number of breeding materials. Through traditional breeding methods, we obtained a plum plant with bud mutations (named "By") from an original plum variety (named "B"). The ripening period of "By" fruit was longer than that of "B" fruit, and its taste was better.

Effects of irrigation scheduling on the yield and irrigation water productivity of cucumber in coconut coir culture.

Optimum irrigation scheduling is important for ensuring high yield and water productivity in substrate-cultivated vegetables and is determined based on information such as substrate water content, meteorological parameters, and crop growth. The aim of this study was to determine a precise irrigation schedule for coconut coir culture in a solar greenhouse by comparing the irrigation, evapotranspiration (ET), substrate water content (VWC), as well as the crop growth indices and yield of cucumber, and irrigation water productivity (IWP) under three irrigation schedules: the soil moisture sensor-based method (T-VWC), the accumulated radiation combined with soil moisture sensor-based method (Rn-VWC), and the crop evapotranspiration estimated method using the hourly PM-ETo equation with an improved calculation of Kc (T-ETc). The results showed that the daily irrigation and evapotranspiration amount were the highest under T-VWC treatment, while the lowest under T-ETc treatment.

A protocol for a pooled analysis of cohort studies: The association between depression and anxiety in epileptic disorders.

Background/introduction: Depressive and anxiety disorders constitute major mental health challenges affecting adults of all ages globally. It has been reported that individuals with depressive or anxiety disorders face an elevated risk of developing neurological conditions, including seizures and epilepsy. Additionally, people with these disorders tend to exhibit distinct clinical outcomes compared to the general population.

Ligands and receptors in human cytomegalovirus entry: Current therapies and new directions.

The demand for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) vaccines was first raised by a committee convened during the 1990s. A comprehensive investigation into the mechanism of viral infection supports the prioritization of developing drugs or vaccines that specifically target receptors and ligands involved in the infection process. As primary targets for neutralizing antibodies to combat HCMV, viral ligands (trimer, pentamer, and glycoprotein B) have crucial roles and exhibit substantial antiviral potential, which could be exploited for breakthroughs in antiviral research.

The Influence of Social Support on Leisure-Time Physical Activity of the Elderly in the Chinese Village of Fuwen.

The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of social support factors with leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) of older people in Fuwen village. A cross-sectional study included 523 randomly selected elderly people (60+ years) whose LTPA levels were determined using the shortened version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-S). A modified version of the Physical Activity Social Support Scale (PASSS) was operated to gather perceived scores of the social support factors.

Transcriptome analysis reveals the mechanism of different fruit appearance between apricot (Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.) and its seedling.

Background: Apricot fruit has great economic value. In the process of apricot breeding using traditional breeding methods, we obtained a larger seedling (named Us) from the original variety (named U). And Us fruit is larger than U, taste better.

Study on CAT activity of tomato leaf cells under salt stress based on microhyperspectral imaging and transfer learning algorithm.

Salt stress easily leads to oxidative stress and promotes the catalase (CAT) response in tomato leaves. For the changes in catalase activity in leaf subcells, there is a need for a visual in situ detection method and mechanism analysis. This paper, taking catalase in leaf subcells under salt stress as the starting point, describes the use of microscopic hyperspectral imaging technology to dynamically detect and study catalase activity from a microscopic perspective, and lay the theoretical foundation for exploring the detection limit of catalase activity under salt stress.

[Effects of Different Types of Plastic Film Mulching on Soil Quality, Root Growth, and Yield].

Aiming to address the problem of soil environmental pollution caused by the large-scale use of plastic film in agricultural production in China, field experiments were carried out by applying degradable plastic film. Pumpkin was used as the research material to explore the effects of black common plastic film (CK), white degradation plastic film (WDF), black degradation plastic film (BDF), and black CO-based degradable plastic film (C-DF) on soil physicochemical properties, root growth and yield, and soil quality. The results showed that the soil water content and temperature of the three degradable plastic films were lower than those of ordinary plastic films to different degrees; there was no significant difference in soil organic matter content among the treatments.

Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes of 29 tomato germplasms: genome structures, phylogenetic relationships, and adaptive evolution.

In order to compare and analyze the chloroplast (cp) genomes of tomato germplasms and understand their phylogenetic relationships, the cp genomes of 29 tomato germplasms were sequenced and analyzed in this study. The results showed highly conserved characteristics in structure, number of gene and intron, inverted repeat regions, and repeat sequences among the 29 cp genomes. Moreover, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci with high polymorphism located at 17 fragments were selected as candidate SNP markers for future studies.

Weakly coupled graded index heterogeneous nineteen-core few-mode fiber.

We propose a novel heterogeneous nineteen-core four-mode fiber. The heterogeneous core arrangement and trench-assisted structure can significantly suppress inter-core crosstalk (XT). In order to control the number of modes in the core, a low refractive index area is introduced in the core.

Comparison and analysis of the biomechanics of the lower limbs of female tennis players of different levels in foot-up serve.

The purpose of this study was to examine biomechanical performance of the foot-up serve (FUS) in female tennis players at different skill levels. FUS analysis was completed in the biomechanical laboratory by 32 female college tennis players at three different levels. During FUS, 3D-biomechanical data from tennis players' lower limbs were collected.

Design and fabrication of a chalcogenide hollow-core anti-resonant fiber for mid-infrared applications.

Chalcogenide hollow-core anti-resonant fibers (HC-ARFs) are a promising propagation medium for high-power mid-infrared (3-5 µm) laser delivery, while their properties have not been well understood and their fabrications remain challenging. In this paper, we design a seven-hole chalcogenide HC-ARF with touching cladding capillaries, which was then fabricated from purified AsS glass by combining the "stack-and-draw" method with a dual gas path pressure control technique. In particular, we predict theoretically and confirm experimentally that such medium exhibits higher-order mode suppression properties and several low-loss transmission bands in the mid-infrared spectrum, with the measured fiber loss being as low as 1.

Preparation and transmission characteristics of seven-core few-mode fiber with low loss and low inter-core crosstalk.

Seven-core five-mode fiber and single-core five-mode fiber with the same core structure by high and low refractive index double rings are prepared based on plasma chemical vapor deposition. The transmission characteristics of the single-core few-mode fiber and the seven-core few-mode fiber are measured and characterized by building an experimental platform. The prepared single-core few-mode fiber can stably transmit five LP modes at 1550 nm, which not only has low loss characteristics, but also has excellent bending resistance.

Tomato salt tolerance mechanisms and their potential applications for fighting salinity: A review.

One of the most significant environmental factors affecting plant growth, development and productivity is salt stress. The damage caused by salt to plants mainly includes ionic, osmotic and secondary stresses, while the plants adapt to salt stress through multiple biochemical and molecular pathways. Tomato ( L.

Objectively determined physical activity and adiposity measures in adult women: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The prevalence of adiposity is increasing among adult women. Although emerging evidence suggest that all patterns of heightened physical activity (PA) are important to benefit adiposity, the relationship between objectively assessed intensities of PA and adiposity in women has not yet been assessed. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to qualitatively synthesize and quantitatively assess the evidence for any relationship between objectively measured PA and a wide range of adiposity indicators to guide PA prescription in adult women.

The Effect of Standing Mats on Biomechanical Characteristics of Lower Limbs and Perceived Exertion for Healthy Individuals during Prolonged Standing.

Objective: To identify the effect of standing mats on biomechanical characteristics of lower limbs and perceived exertion for healthy adult individuals during a prolonged standing task.

Methods: 32 healthy college students were recruited in the randomized and cross-over designed trial according to the effect size and statistical power. After collecting the anthropometric data, each participant was asked to finish 2 sessions of 4-hour prolonged standing tasks on standing mats (MS) and hard ground (GS) in a random order and with a 72-hour interval rest.

Biodegradable Films Prepared from Pulp Lignocellulose Adhesives of Urea Formaldehyde Resin Modified by Biosulfonate.

Traditional low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film causes environmental pollution; there is a pressing need to make new bio-based polymers for alternative products, to meet agricultural production needs and for sustainable ecological development. In this study, urea-formaldehyde resin (UF) was modified with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and 1-2.5% bio-based sulfonate (BBS).

Compost Addition Attenuates the Negative Impacts of High Soil Mineral Nitrogen Levels on Rhizosphere Microbial Characteristics and Enhances Cucumber Growth in Monoculture Systems.

Due to the increase in the human population, it is necessary to seek efficient methods of increasing crop productivity and, simultaneously, sustaining the soil. One way is to grow high demand crops continuously without rotating with other crops. This practice is often accompanied by increased rates of fertilizer application that can affect efficient nitrogen (N) cycling in the plant rhizosphere soil which, in turn, affects both plant growth and environmental pollution.