Dual-Emission Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) PCR Discriminates Pullorum and Gallinarum.

Pullorum ( Pullorum) and Gallinarum ( Gallinarum) are two biovars of serovar Gallinarum, responsible for pullorum disease and fowl typhoid, which are the most prevalent and pathogenic forms of salmonellosis in poultry in developing countries. Traditional differentiation methods for . Pullorum and .

One-tube detection of Typhimurium using LAMP and CRISPR-Cas12b.

Unlabelled: serovar Typhimurium (ST) is a predominant serovar causing foodborne illnesses worldwide. Traditional detection methods often face challenges, including the need for specialized equipment, skilled operators, and lengthy procedures. To address these limitations, we developed a rapid, sensitive, and specific ST detection method by integrating loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated protein 12b (CRISPR/Cas12b) system, all within a single tube.

Research progress of loop-mediated isothermal amplification in the detection of Salmonella for food safety applications.

Salmonella, the prevailing zoonotic pathogen within the Enterobacteriaceae family, holds the foremost position in global bacterial poisoning incidents, thereby signifying its paramount importance in public health. Consequently, the imperative for expeditious and uncomplicated detection techniques for Salmonella in food is underscored. After more than two decades of development, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) has emerged as a potent adjunct to the polymerase chain reaction, demonstrating significant advantages in the realm of isothermal amplification.

A Retrospective Analysis of Isolates across 11 Animal Species (1982-1999) Led to the First Identification of Chromosomally Encoded in the USA.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in non-typhoidal is a pressing public health concern in the United States, necessitating continuous surveillance. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 251 isolates from 11 animal species recovered between 1982 and 1999, utilizing serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Phenotypic resistance was observed in 101 isolates, with .

A One-Pot Convenient RPA-CRISPR-Based Assay for Serovar Indiana Detection.

serovar Indiana ( Indiana) is among the most prevalent serovars of and is closely associated with foodborne diseases worldwide. In this study, we combined a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technique with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) protein Cas12b (CRISPR/Cas12b)-based biosensing in a one-pot platform to develop a novel one-step identification method for Indiana infection diagnosis. The entire RPA-CRISPR/Cas12b reaction can be completed at 41 °C within 1 h without the need for specific instruments.

Genomic Characterization of a Plasmid-Free and Highly Drug-Resistant Serovar Indiana Isolate in China.

The emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) serovar Indiana ( Indiana) strains in China is commonly associated with the presence of one or more resistance plasmids harboring integrons pivotal in acquiring antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study aims to elucidate the genetic makeup of this plasmid-free, highly drug-resistant . Indiana S1467 strain.

Progress in methods for the detection of viable .

() is a prevalent enteric bacterium and a necessary organism to monitor for food safety and environmental purposes. Developing efficient and specific methods is critical for detecting and monitoring viable due to its high prevalence. Conventional culture methods are often laborious and time-consuming, and they offer limited capability in detecting potentially harmful viable but non-culturable in the tested sample, which highlights the need for improved approaches.

siRNA targeting gene encoding ATPase α, the ligand of Peg fimbriae, reduced Enteritidis adhesion.

enterica serovar Enteritidis (. Enteritidis) is a zoonotic pathogen that can infect both humans and animals. Among the 13 types of fimbrial operons in .

Advances in detection methods for viable Salmonella spp.: current applications and challenges.

Salmonella is a common intestinal pathogen that can cause food poisoning and intestinal disease. The high prevalence of Salmonella necessitates efficient and sensitive methods for its identification, detection, and monitoring, especially of viable Salmonella. Conventional culture methods need to be more laborious and time-consuming.

Graphene oxide-assisted optimized narrow-thermal-cycling amplification for accurate detection of Salmonella spp.

Salmonella is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative zoonotic pathogen that poses a serious global socioeconomic and public health threat. Rapid and accurate detection of Salmonella spp. is critical for effective control of its infection.

Comprehensive Assessment of Subtyping Methods for Improved Surveillance of Foodborne Salmonella.

High-resolution and efficient typing for the bacterial pathogen is essential for tracking the sources, detecting or diagnosing variants, and conducting a risk assessment. However, a systematic in-field investigation of Salmonella along the food chain has not been documented. This study assessed 12 typing methods, such as antimicrobial-resistance (AMR) gene profile typing, Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing (cgMLST), and CRISPR multi-virulence locus sequence typing (CRISPR-MVLST), to evaluate their effectiveness for use in routine monitoring of foodborne Salmonella transmission along the poultry production chain.

Tri-primer-enhanced strand exchange amplification combined with rapid lateral flow fluorescence immunoassay to detect SARS-CoV-2.

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been surging rapidly around the world, which has exposed humanity to unprecedented economic, social and health impacts. To achieve efficient and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 on site, we developed and verified a rapid and sensitive fluorescence lateral flow immunoassay based on the innovative enhanced strand exchange amplification (ESEA-LFIA) in this study. With good amplification efficiency for short-sequence targets, ESEA is an ideal choice for the point-of-care testing of SARS-CoV-2 with a high mutation rate.

[Construction and evaluation of a pUC-type prokaryotic promoter reporter system based on lacZ gene].

To construct a prokaryotic promoter report system with wide applicability, a series of pFGH reporter vectors based on lacZ gene and pUC replicon were constructed from plasmid pFLX107 through the replacement of multiple cloning sites and sequence modifications. The plasmid with the lowest background activity was selected as the final report system with the lacZ gene deletion strain MC4100 as the host bacterium, following by testing with inducible promoter araBAD and the constitutive promoter rpsM. The background activity of pFGH06 was significantly lower than that of other plasmids of the same series, and even lower than that of reference plasmid pRCL at 28 °C (P<0.

Hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS) gene-based endogenous internal control for avian species.

With PCR becoming one of the most important and widely-used diagnostic tools for infectious diseases of poultry, an urgent need has developed for an endogenous internal control (EIC) that monitors the quality and quantity of poultry DNA in test samples. In this study we developed a SYBR-qPCR to target the poultry homolog of the hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS) gene as an EIC for avian species. The avian HMBS-based qPCR was very sensitive, detecting one HMBS gene copy in a 20 µL reaction, and is highly specific for avian species.

Complete Genome Sequence of a Colistin-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolate from Houseflies (Musca domestica) in a Trash Disposal Truck in the United States.

A strain isolated from houseflies in a trash disposal truck in the United States was resistant to colistin, a last-resort drug for treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Complete genome sequencing resulted in a total genome size of 5,337,408 bp for this isolate with a plasmid of 224,442 bp.

Lateral flow fluorescent immunoassay based on isothermal amplification for rapid quantitative detection of Salmonella spp.

Salmonella spp. are zoonotic pathogens of substantial public health concern. To enable detection in the field or under instrument-free conditions, we developed a rapid and robust lateral flow fluorescent immunoassay based on strand exchange amplification (SEA-LFIA) for the quantitative detection of Salmonella spp.

Lsr operon is associated with AI-2 transfer and pathogenicity in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli.

The function of Autoinducer-2 (AI-2) which acts as the signal molecule of LuxS-mediated quorum sensing, is regulated through the lsr operon (which includes eight genes: lsrK, lsrR, lsrA, lsrC, lsrD, lsrB, lsrF, and lsrG). However, the functions of the lsr operon remain unclear in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), which causes severe respiratory and systemic diseases in poultry. In this study, the presence of the lsr operon in 60 APEC clinical strains (serotypes O1, O2, and O78) was investigated and found to be correlated with serotype and has the highest detection rate in O78.

Development of a multiplex PCR assay for the simultaneous and rapid detection of six pathogenic bacteria in poultry.

Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus are six bacterial pathogens of avian. However, these pathogens may cause many similar pathological changes, resulting in clinical isolates that are difficult to quickly and simultaneously detect and identify.

Virulence Gene Distribution of Pullorum Isolates Recovered from Chickens in China (1953-2015).

subspecies serovar Gallinarum biovar Pullorum ( Pullorum) has strict host specificity for poultry, and pullorum disease seriously threatens the poultry industry. Virulence genes play a central role in pathogenicity, but very few reports are available on the distribution of virulence genes in Pullorum. In this study, we investigated 304 Pullorum isolates recovered from chickens in China between 1953 and 2015 for the presence of 25 virulence genes (, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and ), including pathogenicity island genes, fimbriae genes, and virulence plasmid genes.

Characterization of the emerging multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Indiana strains in China.

Emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica serovar Indiana (S. Indiana), a dominant Salmonella serovar in China, has raised global awareness because the MDR S. Indiana also was rapidly emerged in other countries recently.

Efficient fecal-oral and possible vertical, but not respiratory, transmission of emerging Chlamydia gallinacea in broilers.

Chlamydia gallinacea is an endemic Chlamydia agent in poultry with a worldwide distribution. The aim of this study was to investigate whether C. gallinacea can be transmitted via fecal-oral, respiratory and vertical routes.

Iron oxide nanozyme suppresses intracellular Enteritidis growth and alleviates infection .

Enteritidis ( Enteritidis) is a globally significant zoonotic foodborne pathogen which has led to large numbers of deaths in humans and caused economic losses in animal husbandry. Enteritidis invades host cells and survives within the cells, causing resistance to antibiotic treatment. Effective methods of elimination and eradication of intracellular Enteritidis are still very limited.

Serovar-Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Serovar Indiana.

serovar Indiana ( Indiana) is a newly emerging pathogen with high levels of drug resistance. It has become one of the most common serovars in China with a worldwide distribution, posing significant public health concerns. Detection of .

Genetic characterization of extraintestinal Escherichia coli isolates from chicken, cow and swine.

Phenotypic determination of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria is very important for diagnosis and treatment, but sometimes this procedure needs further genetic evaluation. Whole-genome sequencing plays a critical role in deciphering and advancing our understanding of bacterial evolution, transmission, and surveillance of antimicrobial resistance. In this study, whole-genome sequencing was performed on nineteen clinically extraintestinal Escherichia coli isolates from chicken, cows and swine and showing different antimicrobial susceptibility.