Enhancement of oral bioavailability of celastrol by chitosan microencapsulated porous starch carriers.

Celastrol demonstrates significant potential in immunomodulatory applications; however, its low oral bioavailability presents a substantial obstacle to its clinical translation. Here, we combined porous starch with chitosan to develop an efficacious microencapsulation system aimed at enhancing the oral absorption of celastrol. Microcapsule carrier for celastrol was formulated Through the utilization of chitosan-coated porous starch particle technology and Subsequent evaluations of the morphology and release kinetics of microcapsules.

Antibiotics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in marine food webs of the Yellow River Estuary: Occurrence, trophic transfer, and human health risks.

Antibiotics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common environmental contaminants in the aquatic region encompassing the estuary of the Yellow River and Laizhou Bay. But little information is available about the trophic transfer of antibiotics and PAHs in the marine food web of this area. This study investigated the occurrence and trophic transfer of 19 antibiotics and 16 PAHs in marine organisms from a food web of Laizhou Bay of the Yellow River estuary.

Advances in the Study of MG53 in Cardiovascular Disease.

Cardiovascular diseases represent a global health crisis, and understanding the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac pathology is crucial for developing effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Mitsugumin-53 (MG53) plays a pivotal role in cell membrane repair, has emerged as a multifaceted player in cardiovascular health. MG53, also known as TRIM72, is primarily expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle and actively participates in membrane repair processes essential for maintaining cardiomyocyte viability.

Endothelial Cell-Derived Lactate Triggers Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cell Histone Lactylation to Attenuate Osteoporosis.

Blood vessels play a role in osteogenesis and osteoporosis; however, the role of vascular metabolism in these processes remains unclear. The present study finds that ovariectomized mice exhibit reduced blood vessel density in the bone and reduced expression of the endothelial glycolytic regulator pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2). Endothelial cell (EC)-specific deletion of Pkm2 impairs osteogenesis and worsens osteoporosis in mice.

In Situ Enzymatic Reaction Generates Magnesium-Based Mineralized Microspheres with Superior Bioactivity for Enhanced Bone Regeneration.

Bone is a naturally mineralized tissue with a remarkable hierarchical structure, and the treatment of bone defects remains challenging. Microspheres with facile features of controllable size, diverse morphologies, and specific functions display amazing potentials for bone regeneration. Herein, inspired by natural biomineralization, a novel enzyme-catalyzed reaction is reported to prepare magnesium-based mineralized microspheres.

Association between gut microbiota and bone metabolism: Insights from bibliometric analysis.

Gut microbiota has been reported to participate in bone metabolism. However, no article has quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed this crossing field. The present study aims to analyze the current international research trends and demonstrate possible hotspots in the recent decade through bibliometrics.

Deubiquitinase USP13 regulates glycolytic reprogramming and progression in osteosarcoma by stabilizing METTL3/mA/ATG5 axis.

Reprogramming metabolism is a hallmark of cancer cells for rapid progression. However, the detailed functional role of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) in tumor glycolytic reprogramming is still unknown and requires further investigation. USP13 was found to upregulate in osteosarcoma (OS) specimens and promote OS progression through regulating aerobic glycolysis.

Risk Factors for the Drift Phenomenon in O-arm Navigation-Assisted Pedicle Screw Placement during Spinal Deformity Surgery.

Objective: Intraoperative O-arm navigation systems improve the accuracy of spinal instrumentation placement. However, deviation of the pedicle screw from the guide line might occur. The aim of the present study was to explore the causes of and countermeasures for the drift phenomenon during pedicle screw implantation with the aid of an O-arm three-dimensional navigation system in spinal deformity surgery.

The treatment efficacy of cortical bone trajectory (CBT) pedicle screws for lumbar degenerative disease in the Chinese Han population.

Purpose: To provide reference data on CBT pedicle screws from CT measurements of L1 to L5 in the Chinese Han population and to assess the treatment efficacy of CBT pedicle screws in cases of lumbar degenerative disease.

Methods: In total, 100 patients were identified from the CT database for CBT morphometric measurement of the lumbar spine. According to sex and age, patients were divided into four groups.

Reliability and Validity of the Adapted Chinese Version of the Quality of Life Profile for Spine Deformities in Adolescents With Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the cross-cultural adaptability and internal consistency of the Chinese version of the Quality-of-Life Profile for Spine Deformities (QLPSD) questionnaire in mainland China.

Methods: The original QLPSD was translated from Spanish into Chinese with proper cross-cultural adaptation based on the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons guidelines.

Predictive Factors for Late-Onset Neurological Deficits in Patients with Posttuberculous Thoracic Kyphosis.

Background: Patients with severe posttuberculous (TB) kyphosis might suffer from late-onset neurological deficits, and surgical correction may improve neurological function. However, there is a lack of predictive factors for neurological function in these patients.

Objective: This study was aimed at identifying the risk factors for late-onset neurological deficits in spinal TB patients at initial and final assessments.

Sectional Correction Technique in Dystrophic Scoliosis Secondary to Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Comparison with Traditional 2-Rod Correction Technique.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the traditional 2-rod correction technique with the sectional correction technique in terms of radiographic results and clinical outcomes for patients with dystrophic scoliosis caused by neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).

Methods: From May 2015 to April 2018, 53 patients with dystrophic scoliosis caused by NF1 underwent 1-stage posterior corrective surgery. Patients were separated into 2 groups based on technique: the sectional correction technique (SC group) and the traditional 2-rod technique (TT group).

Different angular kyphosis locations have different relative positions of aorta to spine in patients with Pott's deformity.

Background: The position of the aorta relative to the spine in kyphosis secondary to Pott's deformity is little understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anatomic relationship between the aorta and the spine in patients with Pott's deformity and to compare it with the normal people.

Methods: Seventy-six patients with Pott's deformity (Group TB) and seventy-two age- and sex-matched patients with a normal spine (group NC) were enrolled in this study.

Analysis of Risk Factors Related to Acute Subarachnoid Hemorrhage After Spinal Surgery.

Objective: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a rare complication secondary to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage during spinal surgery, but the specific cause of bleeding is still unclear. In this retrospective single-center study, we studied cases of acute SAH after spinal surgery to identify the related risk factors for bleeding.

Methods: A total of 441 patients with CSF leakage who underwent spinal surgery from 2011 to 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.

Clinical characteristics and factors associated with coronary stenosis proximal to a myocardial bridge: a retrospective study.

Background: The association of myocardial bridge (MB) with cardiovascular risk and the possible cardiovascular risk factors remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and related factors of coronary stenosis proximal to an MB.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients with symptoms of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease admitted between 10/2011 and 12/2014 to the Emergency and Cardiology Department of Bayannur Hospital, who underwent selective coronary angiography (SCAG).

Exome sequencing analysis identifies frequent oligogenic involvement and variants in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a genetically heterogeneous disease characterised by three-dimensional deformity of the spine in the absence of a congenital spinal anomaly or neurological musculoskeletal disorder. The clinical variability and incomplete penetrance of some genes linked with AIS indicate that this disease constitutes an oligogenic trait.

Objective: We aimed to explore the oligogenic nature of this disease and identify novel AIS genes.

Hierarchical Core-Shell Structure of 2D VS@VC@N-Doped Carbon Sheets Decorated by Ultrafine Pd Nanoparticles: Assembled in a 3D Rosette-like Array on Carbon Fiber Microelectrode for Electrochemical Sensing.

The development of two-dimensional (2D) nanohybrid materials with heterogeneous components in nanoscale and three-dimensional (3D) well-ordered assembly in microscale has been regarded as an effective way to improve their overall performances by the synergistic coupling of the optimized structure and composition. In this work, we reported the design and synthesis of a new type of hierarchically core-shell structure of 2D VS@VC@N-doped carbon (NC) sheets decorated by ultrafine Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs), which were vertically grown on carbon fiber (CF) and assembled into a unique 3D rosette-like array. The resultant VS@VC@NC-PdNPs modified CF microelectrode integrated the structural and electrochemical properties of the heterogeneous hybridization of core-shell VS@VC@NC-PdNPs sheets with a unique rosette-like array structure, and gave rise to a significant improvement in terms of electron transfer ability, electrocatalytic activity, stability, and biocompatibility.

Hierarchically ordered macro-mesoporous anatase TiO prepared by pearl oyster shell and triblock copolymer dual templates for high photocatalytic activity.

Hierarchically ordered macro-mesoporous anatase TiO is prepared by combining the supramolecular-templating self-assembly of amphiphilic triblock copolymer P123 with a natural pearl oyster shell in a hard-templating process by a facile sol-gel reaction. The obtained materials are characterized by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, N adsorption-desorption analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results demonstrate that all TiO materials obtained after calcination at various temperatures are in the anatase phase, and interestingly the resultant ordered structure of both macropores and mesopores are well-preserved after calcination at 350 °C or 450 °C, with the walls of macropores composed of ordered mesopores.

Identification of target genes in cardiomyopathy with fibrosis and cardiac remodeling.

Background: Identify genes probably associated with chronic heart failure and predict potential target genes for dilated cardiomyopathy using bioinformatics analyses.

Methods: Gene expression profiles (series number GSE3585 and GSE42955) of cardiomyopathy patients and healthy controls were downloaded from the Expression Omnibus Gene (GEO) database. Differential expression of genes (DEGS) between the two groups of total 14 cardiomyopathy patients and 10 healthy controls were subsequently identified by limma package of R.

Resveratrol Attenuates Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-Induced Inhibition of Osteoblast Differentiation in MC3T3-E1 Cells.

BACKGROUND LPS-inhibited osteoblastic differentiation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of osteomyelitis. Thus, searching for drugs that affect LPS-mediated osteoblastic differentiation may be crucial in developing therapies for osteomyelitis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role and mechanisms of resveratrol, a natural polyphenol present in red wine, on LPS-inhibited osteoblastic differentiation.

Volumetric and Fatty Infiltration Imbalance of Deep Paravertebral Muscles in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

BACKGROUND Several studies have described the differences in electromyographic activity and histological changes of paravertebral muscles in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, there is little knowledge about the muscle volumetric and fatty infiltration imbalance of patients with AIS. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-four patients with AIS were evaluated with standardized anteroposterior (AP) and lateral standing films for the location and direction of the apex of scoliosis, coronal Cobb angle, apex vertebra translation, and thoracic kyphosis; and with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the spine at the level of T4-L1.

MicroRNA-140-5p regulates osteosarcoma chemoresistance by targeting HMGN5 and autophagy.

Chemotherapy is an important treatment modality for osteosarcoma. However, it often fails because of chemoresistance, especially multidrug resistance. Previously, we found several genes were involved in chemoresistance development.

A comparison of the postoperative analgesic efficacy between epidural and intravenous analgesia in major spine surgery: a meta-analysis.

Postoperative analgesia remains a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. The aim of this meta-analysis is to compare the efficacy of epidural analgesia (EA) and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) following major spine surgery. We searched electronic databases, including the PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid and Cochrane databases, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before June 2016.

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Caused by Troponin Mutations: Application of Disease Animal Models in Translational Studies.

Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) plays a critical role in regulation of cardiac function. Studies have shown that the deficiency of cTnI or mutations in cTnI (particularly in the C-terminus of cTnI) results in diastolic dysfunction (impaired relaxation) due to an increased myofibril sensitivity to calcium. The first clinical study revealing the association between restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) with cardiac troponin mutations was reported in 2003.

Inhibition of Complement Retards Ankylosing Spondylitis Progression.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) resulting in back pain and progressive spinal ankyloses. Currently, there are no effective therapeutics targeting AS largely due to elusive pathogenesis mechanisms, even as potential candidates such as HLA-B27 autoantigen have been identified. Herein, we employed a proteoglycan (PG)-induced AS mouse model together with clinical specimens, and found that the complement system was substantially activated in the spinal bone marrow, accompanied by a remarkable proportion alteration of neutrophils and macrophage in bone marrow and spleen, and by the significant increase of TGF-β1 in serum.