Exome Sequencing Identified Susceptible Genes for High Residual Risks in Early-Onset Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease.

Aims: Despite the tremendous improvement in therapeutic medication and intervention for coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD), residual risks remain. Exome sequencing enables identification of rare variants and susceptibility genes for residual risks of early-onset coronary atherosclerotic disease (EOCAD) with well-controlled conventional risk factors.

Methods: We performed whole-exome sequencing of subjects who had no conventional risk factors, defined as higher body mass index, smoking, hypertension and dyslipidemia, screened from 1950 patients with EOCAD (age ≤ 45 years, at least 50% stenosis of coronary artery by angiography), and selected control subjects from 1006 elder (age ≥ 65 years) with < 30% coronary stenosis.

A Novel Parallel Wire-based Antegrade Dissection Re-entry Technique for Failed Retrograde Attempt of Coronary Chronic Total Occlusions with Risk Nomogram Analysis.

Background: Rapid development in coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) interventional techniques and devices have achieved a greater success rate with favorable outcomes. Antegrade dissection re-entry (ADR) technique is an important CTO crossing strategy and a desirable approach for long CTOs with good distal landing zone. However, unsuccessful procedures in contemporary CTO-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remain, especially in lesions with non-interventional collaterals.

Soluble interleukin-2 receptor predicts acute kidney injury and in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most common and critical complication in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study aims to evaluate the significance of elevated soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels in predicting AKI and mortality.

Methods: A total of 446 patients with AMI were enrolled between January 2020 and July 2022, including 58 patients with AKI and 388 without AKI.

A novel tapered guide extension catheter facilitated successful completion of complex percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: Guide extension catheters (GEC) are widely applied to cope with insufficient backup support in complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In the study, we aim to evaluate the feasibility and safety with a novel 5-4F tapered GEC used in complex lesion.

Methods: The single-center retrospective study enrolled a total of 615 patients, in whom the 5F or 5-4F Expressman GEC was used to facilitate PCI procedure.

Plasma Heat Shock Protein 70 Is Associated With the Onset of Acute Myocardial Infarction and Total Occlusion in Target Vessels.

Whether the role of plasma heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is protective or detrimental remains debated, and the relationship between HSP70 and total occlusion remains elusive. A total of 112 patients with primary diagnosis of AMI and 52 patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) were enrolled into the study. Plasma HSP70 level was determined by ELISA on day 1 and day 7 after the onset of AMI and was examined before angiography in patients with CCS.

Early Goal-Directed Renal Replacement Therapy in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Patients with Cardiorenal Syndrome.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to clarify the efficacy of early goal-directed renal replacement therapy (GDRRT) for treatment of cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) patients after acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).

Methods: In the retrospective, observational study, we enrolled 54 patients in the early GDRRT group and 63 patients in the late GDRRT group. Baseline characteristics, clinical data at initiation renal replacement therapy time, and the clinical outcome were collected and several parameters were compared and analyzed between 2 groups.

A reverse Mulholland-type inequality in the whole plane.

We present a new reverse Mulholland-type inequality in the whole plane with a best possible constant factor by introducing multiparameters, applying weight coefficients, and using the Hermite-Hadamard inequality. Moreover, we consider equivalent forms and some particular cases.

Endothelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition in human idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by left ventricular dilation and cardiac fibrosis. Emerging evidence indicated that endothelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition (Endo‑MT) is a crucial event during organ fibrosis. This study was performed to clarify whether Endo‑MT contributed to the progression of cardiac fibrosis in DCM.

On Hardy-type integral inequalities with the gamma function.

By means of real analysis and weight functions, we obtain a few equivalent conditions of two kinds of Hardy-type integral inequalities with the non-homogeneous kernel and parameters. The constant factors related to the gamma function are proved to be the best possible. We also consider the operator expressions and some cases of homogeneous kernel.

Olmesartan attenuates cardiac hypertrophy and improves cardiac diastolic function in spontaneously hypertensive rats through inhibition of calcineurin pathway.

Objective: To test whether olmesartan ameliorates cardiac diastolic dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) through calcineurin pathway.

Methods: Twenty-four male SHRs of 6 months were divided into saline- (n = 12) and olmesartan-treated (n = 12) groups. Age-matched WKY (n = 12) rats served as controls.

Impaired cardiac microvascular endothelial cells function induced by Coxsackievirus B3 infection and its potential role in cardiac fibrosis.

CVB3 virus tropism and tissue access are modulated by cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMVECs) in the context of microvasculature. This study was designed to examine biological behaviors of CMVECs following CVB3 infection and its possible effects on cardiac remodeling. Data demonstrated that CVB3 increased caspase-3 activities, Bax/Bcl-2 protein ratio and TGF-β1 levels in CMVECs, accompanying with elevated microvascular permeability.

Transfer of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells influences vascular remodeling and calcification after balloon injury in hyperlipidemic rats.

Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were found to markedly increase atherosclerotic lesion size. The aim of this paper was to investigate whether BM-MSCs contribute to vascular remodeling and calcification after balloon injury in hyperlipidemic rats. Labeled BM-MSCs were found in the lesion of hyperlipidemic rats after balloon injury.

Aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 deficiency aggravates cardiac dysfunction elicited by endoplasmic reticulum stress induction.

Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) has been characterized as an important mediator of endogenous cytoprotection in the heart. This study was designed to examine the role of ALDH2 knockout (KO) in the regulation of cardiac function after endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Wild-type (WT) and ALDH2 KO mice were subjected to a tunicamycin challenge, and the echocardiographic property was examined.