The T2T Genome of the Domesticated Silkworm .

Genome sequences contain the fundamental genetic information that largely determines the biology of a species. Over the past 20 years, advancements in high-throughput sequencing technologies and bioinformatics tools have matured, facilitating genome assembly and ushering in the telomere-to-telomere (T2T) era. is renowned as a silk-producing insect and serves as an important model organism extensively studied across various fields of biology.

Proteotranscriptomic analyses of the midgut and Malpighian tubules after a sublethal concentration of Cry1Ab exposure on Spodoptera litura.

Background: Cry1Ab has emerged as a bio-insecticide to control Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). However, the sublethal effects of Cry1Ab on the physiological changes and molecular level of S. litura have not been well documented.

ALKBH5-mediated CHAC1 depletion promotes malignant progression and decreases cisplatin-induced oxidative stress in gastric cancer.

The m6a demethyltransferase ALKBH5 dynamically modulates gene expression and intracellular metabolic molecules by modifying RNA m6a in cancer cells. However, ALKBH5's function in gastric cancer (GC) has remained controversial. This study demonstrates that ALKBH5 is highly expressed in GC.

High-throughput Sequencing Analysis of Differentially Expressed microRNAs Associated With SREBP1 in Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma.

Background/aim: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) interact with mRNAs and play important roles in progression and prognosis in multiple cancers. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) is an important lipid metabolism regulatory gene. The aim of the present study was to analyze the profiles of miRNAs that are associated with SREBP1 expression in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC).

Spindle function and Wnt pathway inhibition by PBX1 to suppress tumor progression via downregulating DCDC2 in colorectal cancer.

PBX1 is a transcription factor that regulates a variety of genes, involved in intracellular lipid metabolism, cell proliferation, and other pathways. The promoting and inhibiting function of PBX1 in various cancer types was extensively discussed, however, there have been no studies on PBX1 proteins in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to reveal the anti-tumor function of PBX1 in CRC and the underlying molecular mechanism.

Single-cell RNA-seq dissecting heterogeneity of tumor cells and comprehensive dynamics in tumor microenvironment during lymph nodes metastasis in gastric cancer.

Lymph node metastasis is the common metastasis route of gastric cancer. However, until now, heterogeneities of tumor cells and tumor microenvironment in primary tumors (PT) and metastatic lymph nodes (MLN) of gastric cancer (GC) remains uncharacterized. In our study, single cell RNA sequencing was performed on tissues from PT and MLN of gastric cancer.

m A-mediated regulation of PBX1-GCH1 axis promotes gastric cancer proliferation and metastasis by elevating tetrahydrobiopterin levels.

Background: Methyltransferase 3 (METTL3)-mediated N6-methyladenosine (m A) RNA modification has been demonstrated to be a potential factor in promoting gastric cancer (GC). METTL3 regulates a series of signaling pathways by modifying various mRNAs. This study aimed to identify novel METTL3-mediated signaling pathways and explored possible targets for use in the clinical setting of gastric cancer.

Lepidopteran wing scales contain abundant cross-linked film-forming histidine-rich cuticular proteins.

Scales are symbolic characteristic of Lepidoptera; however, nothing is known about the contribution of cuticular proteins (CPs) to the complex patterning of lepidopteran scales. This is because scales are resistant to solubilization, thus hindering molecular studies. Here we succeeded in dissolving developing wing scales from Bombyx mori, allowing analysis of their protein composition.

Circadian regulation of night feeding and daytime detoxification in a formidable Asian pest Spodoptera litura.

Voracious feeding, trans-continental migration and insecticide resistance make Spodoptera litura among the most difficult Asian agricultural pests to control. Larvae exhibit strong circadian behavior, feeding actively at night and hiding in soil during daytime. The daily pattern of larval metabolism was reversed, with higher transcription levels of genes for digestion (amylase, protease, lipase) and detoxification (CYP450s, GSTs, COEs) in daytime than at night.

The POU Transcription Factor POU-M2 Regulates Gene Expression in the Silkworm, .

Vitellogenin receptors (VgRs) play critical roles in egg formation by transporting vitellogenin (Vg) into oocytes in insects. Although the function of VgR in insects is well studied, the transcriptional regulation of this gene is still unclear. Here, we cloned the promoter of the gene from (), and predicted many POU cis-response elements (CREs) in its promoter.

bmo-miR-2739 and the novel microRNA miR-167 coordinately regulate the expression of the vitellogenin receptor in oogenesis.

Vitellogenin receptors (VgRs) play crucial roles in oogenesis by mediating endocytosis of vitellogenin and other nutrients in ovipara. We conducted small RNA sequencing and screening with a luciferase reporter system, and found that bmo-miR-2739 and a novel miRNA (novel-miR-167) coordinately regulate the expression of in (). Further analyses suggested that these two miRNAs direct target repression by binding directly to the 3' untranslated region.

SREBP1 as a potential biomarker predicts levothyroxine efficacy of differentiated thyroid cancer.

Background: SREBP1 is a well-known transcript factor regulating lipogenesis. It has been reported to play an important role in tumor progress in recent years. However, the roles of SREBP1 in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) are uncertain.

LncRNAs SNHG12 and LINC00152 were associated with progression of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

To investigate the clinical roles of and in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). and expression was sought and analysis in gene expression omnibus, The Cancer Genome Atlas and GEPIA datasets. Tumor and adjacent normal tissues were collected from 97 PTC and 44 benign thyroid nodules patients.

Genome-wide annotation and comparative analysis of cuticular protein genes in the noctuid pest Spodoptera litura.

Insect cuticle is considered an adaptable and versatile building material with roles in the construction and function of exoskeleton. Its physical properties are varied, as the biological requirements differ among diverse structures and change during the life cycle of the insect. Although the bulk of cuticle consists basically of cuticular proteins (CPs) associated with chitin, the degree of cuticular sclerotization is an important factor in determining its physical properties.

Down-regulation of DANCR acts as a potential biomarker for papillary thyroid cancer diagnosis.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be dysregulated and play a crucial role in the progression of cancer. LncRNA DANCR has recently been revealed to be involved in tumorigenesis of numerous types of cancer, including osteosarcoma, gastric cancer, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and colorectal cancer. However, the expression profiles and biological relevance of DANCR in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) have not yet been reported.

Down-Regulation of APTR and it's Diagnostic Value in Papillary and Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer.

APTR has been employed as a potential biomarker attributing to it was involved in carcinogenesis and malignancy's progression. However, the roles of APTR in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) are unclear. In the present study, we aimed to explore the relative expression of APTR in PTC and ATC tissues and the relation between APTR expression and PTC clinicopathological features.

Identification and validation of potential target genes in papillary thyroid cancer.

Thyroid cancer (TC) is one of the most common endocrine malignancies, and the incidence of TC has almost tripled over the past three decades. This increase may partially own to overdiagnosis and approximately 15-30% of cytological indeterminate thyroid nodules cannot be evaluated by means of fine-needle aspiration. The present study aimed to identify potential crucial genes of PTC and provide new sights into improving the diagnosis of thyroid lesions for future study.

Genetic polymorphism contributes to I radiotherapy-induced toxicities in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.

Aim: To investigate the association between SNPs in DNA damage response pathways and toxicities following I radiotherapy of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Materials & methods: We identified 22 functional SNPs of genes in DNA damage response pathways. MassArray was used to sequence SNP genotypes in 203 DTC patients.

Upregulation of long noncoding RNA MALAT1 in papillary thyroid cancer and its diagnostic value.

Aim: To investigate the expression level of lncRNA MALAT1 in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and evaluate its clinical diagnostic value as a biomarker in PTC.

Methods: MALAT1 lncRNA expression in tissues was detected by qRT-PCR. The diagnostic value of MALAT1 as a biomarker in PTC was evaluated with receiver operating characteristics.

, not , is a risk factor associated with radiotherapy plus chemotherapy efficacy in glioma.

Background/aim: Repressor element silencing transcription factor () is a transcription repressor, expressed in several malignancies. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic values of and its splicing variant in glioma, and investigate the potential correlation between and .

Methods: and expression values were evaluated by qRT-PCR in 89 patients with gliomas and 10 with normal brain tissues.

A new approach for comprehensively describing heterogametic sex chromosomes.

Notwithstanding the rapid developments in sequencing techniques, Y and W sex chromosomes have still been mostly excluded from whole genome sequencing projects due to their high repetitive DNA content. Therefore, Y and W chromosomes are poorly described in most species despite their biological importance. Several methods were developed for identifying Y or W-linked sequences among unmapped scaffolds.

Traditional Chinese medicine as an adjunctive therapy to oral montelukast for treating patients with chronic asthma.

Background: This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of Ping Chuan Ke Li (PCKL) as an adjunctive therapy to oral montelukast compared with placebo plus montelukast for treating patients with chronic asthma (CAS).

Methods: This randomized controlled trial involved 72 patients with CAS. They were randomly allocated to an intervention group or a control group, 36 subjects per group.

Genomic adaptation to polyphagy and insecticides in a major East Asian noctuid pest.

The tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura, is among the most widespread and destructive agricultural pests, feeding on over 100 crops throughout tropical and subtropical Asia. By genome sequencing, physical mapping and transcriptome analysis, we found that the gene families encoding receptors for bitter or toxic substances and detoxification enzymes, such as cytochrome P450, carboxylesterase and glutathione-S-transferase, were massively expanded in this polyphagous species, enabling its extraordinary ability to detect and detoxify many plant secondary compounds. Larval exposure to insecticidal toxins induced expression of detoxification genes, and knockdown of representative genes using short interfering RNA (siRNA) reduced larval survival, consistent with their contribution to the insect's natural pesticide tolerance.

Expression map of a complete set of gustatory receptor genes in chemosensory organs of Bombyx mori.

Most lepidopteran species are herbivores, and interaction with host plants affects their gene expression and behavior as well as their genome evolution. Gustatory receptors (Grs) are expected to mediate host plant selection, feeding, oviposition and courtship behavior. However, due to their high diversity, sequence divergence and extremely low level of expression it has been difficult to identify precisely a complete set of Grs in Lepidoptera.

Construction, complete sequence, and annotation of a BAC contig covering the silkworm chorion locus.

The silkmoth chorion was studied extensively by F.C. Kafatos' group for almost 40 years.