Prognostic assessment value of immune escape-related genes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

This study explores the prognostic value of immune escape-related genes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Using TARGET_AML and GSE37642 datasets, we identified CEP55, DNAJC13, and EMC2 as significant prognostic indicators, with high transcript abundance correlating with poor outcomes. Consensus clustering divided patients into two groups, with Cluster 1 showing worse prognosis.

miR-744-5p promotes T-cell differentiation via inhibiting STK11.

T cells utilized in adoptive T cell immunotherapy are typically activated in vitro. Although these cells demonstrate proliferation and anti-tumor activity following activation, they often face difficulties in sustaining long-term survival post-reinfusion. This issue is attributed to the induction of T cells into a terminal differentiation state upon activation, whereas early-stage differentiated T cells exhibit enhanced proliferation potential and survival capabilities.

Single-cell sequencing reveals the immune landscape of breast cancer patients with brain metastasis.

Background: Breast cancer has the highest incidence rate of cancer worldwide, and brain metastases (BrM) are among the most malignant cases. While some patients have benefited from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the complex anatomical structure of the brain and the heterogeneity of metastatic tumors have made it difficult to characterize the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) of metastatic tumors.

Methods: To address this, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to analyze immune cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of BrM patients with breast cancer, thereby providing a comprehensive view of the immune microenvironment landscape of BrM.

High-throughput microplastic assessment using polarization holographic imaging.

Microplastic (MP) pollution has emerged as a global environmental concern due to its ubiquity and harmful impacts on ecosystems and human health. MP assessment has therefore become increasingly necessary and common in environmental and experimental samples. Microscopy and spectroscopy are widely employed for the physical and chemical characterization of MPs.

[Gene Polymorphisms of Patients with Lymphoma-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome in Longyan area, Fujian Province].

Objective: To analyze the gene polymorphisms of patients with lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome in Longyan area, Fujian province.

Methods: A total of 125 patients with lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome in Longyan, Fujian province, admitted to Longyan First Hospital from May 2017 to November 2020 were selected. Peripheral venous blood was collected from all the patients, and the genotypes of perforin 1 () and interleukin-10 () gene loci were detected by PCR-fluorescence probe method, and the correlation between and gene polymorphisms and lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome was analyzed.

Metformin attenuates multiple myeloma cell proliferation and encourages apoptosis by suppressing METTL3-mediated m6A methylation of THRAP3, RBM25, and USP4.

Based on the results of epidemiological and preclinical studies, metformin can improve the prognosis of patients with malignant tumors. Studies have confirmed that metformin inhibits multiple myeloma (MM) cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis. Nevertheless, the specific mechanism remains to be elucidated.

Screening of Lymphoma Radiotherapy-Resistant Genes with CRISPR Activation Library.

Objective: The objective of this study was to screen lymphoma radiotherapy-resistant genes using CRISPR activation (CRISPRa).

Methods: The Human CRISPRa library virus was packaged and then transfected into lymphoma cells to construct an activation library cell line, which was irradiated at the minimum lethal radiation dose to screen radiotherapy-resistant cells. Radiotherapy-resistant cell single-guide RNA (sgRNA) was first amplified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in the coding region and then subject to next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics analysis to screen radiotherapy-resistant genes.

CRISPR/Cas9 (D10A) nickase-mediated Hb CS gene editing and genetically modified fibroblast identification.

This study investigated whether CRISPR/Cas9 (D10A) nickase-mediated gene editing can correct the aberrant Hb Constant Spring mutation (Hb CS or HBA2: c.427 T > C) in fibroblasts. Vectors for repairing the α-globin-encoding gene, HBA2:c.

miR-150 promotes progressive T cell differentiation via inhibiting FOXP1 and RC3H1.

T cells used in immune cell therapy, represented by T cell receptor therapy (TCR-T), are usually activated and proliferated in vitro and are induced to a terminally differentiated phenotype, with limited viability after transfusion back into the body. T cells exhibited a robust proliferative potential and in vivo viability in the early stages of progressive differentiation. In this study, we identified microRNAs that regulate T cell differentiation.

Depression and Insomnia of Front-Line Medical Staff During the COVID-19 Outbreak in China: An On-Line Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: During the COVID-19 outbreak, medical staff working in high-risk workplaces had a higher rate of epidemic infection. They also faced heavy workloads and pressure, which means they are more likely to suffer from psychological problems than others. To understand the mental health of medical staff during the epidemic, we explore the characteristics of medical staff susceptible to negative psychological emotions during the outbreak of public safety and health events.

The association between serum adropin and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross‑sectional study.

Background: Adropin, a newly‑identified energy homeostasis protein, has been implicated in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. This study attempts to measure the association between serum adropin and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This cross‑sectional study was performed in 503 hospitalized patients with T2DM.

Combined overexpression of four transcription factors promotes effector T cell dedifferentiation toward early phenotypes.

Effector T cells, which are abundant but are short-lived after reinfusion into the body, are generally used for T-cell therapy, and antitumor immunity is typically not maintained over the long term. Genetic modification by early differentiated T cells and reinfusion has been shown to enhance antitumor immunity in vivo. This study overexpressed the characteristic transcription factors of differentiated early T cells by transfecting effector T cells with transcription factor recombinant lentivirus (S6 group: BCL6, EOMES, FOXP1, LEF1, TCF7, KLF7; S1 group: BCL6, EOMES, FOXP1, KLF7; S3 group: BCL6, EOMES, FOXP1, LEF1) to induce a sufficient number of effector T cells to dedifferentiate and optimize the transcription factor system.

Serum Legumain Is Associated with Peripheral Artery Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: Legumain is related to carotid atherosclerotic plaques and may be a new biomarker of carotid atherosclerosis. However, the association between legumain and peripheral artery disease (PAD) of lower extremity has been less studied. This study is aimed at exploring the potential link between legumain and PAD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

TMB and TCR Are Correlated Indicators Predictive of the Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer.

Immune characteristics were reported correlated to benefit neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer, yet integration of comprehensive genomic alterations and T-cell receptors (TCR) to predict efficacy of NAC needs further investigation. This study simultaneously analyzed TMB (Tumor Mutation Burden), TCRs, and TILs (tumor infiltrating lymphocyte) in breast cancers receiving NAC was conducted in a prospective cohort ( = 22). The next-generation sequencing technology-based analysis of genomic alterations and TCR repertoire in paired breast cancer samples before and after NAC was conducted in a prospective cohort ( = 22).

Stereoscopic high-speed imaging of iron microexplosions and nanoparticle-release.

In this work, the combustion behavior of seeded iron particles (d = 70 µm) in a laminar diffusion flame was studied in a modified Mckenna flat-flame burner. Two high speed cameras in stereo configuration allowed 3D position and 3D velocity measurements of burning iron particles as well as 3D evaluation of particle microexplosions. Microexplosive processes are important since it can affect both combustion stability and formation of product components.

Tomographic absorption spectroscopy based on dictionary learning.

Tomographic absorption spectroscopy (TAS) has an advantage over other optical imaging methods for practical combustor diagnostics: optical access is needed in a single plane only, and the access can be limited. However, practical TAS often suffers from limited projection data. In these cases, priors such as smoothness and sparseness can be incorporated to mitigate the ill-posedness of the inversion problem.

Quantitative multiplex immunofluorescence analysis identifies infiltrating PD1 CD8 and CD8 T cells as predictive of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.

Background: This study aimed to explore the potentially predictive role and dynamic changes of immune checkpoints on T cell subsets in patients with breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapies.

Methods: Fluorescent multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) was used to stain CD4, CD8, PD1, TIM3, and cytokeratins simultaneously in paired breast cancer samples before and after neoadjuvant therapies (NAT) in a prospective cohort (n = 50). Singleplex IHC was conducted to stain for CD3 in 100 cases with inclusion of extra retrospective 50 cases.

T follicular helper cell-mediated IL-21 production suppresses FOXP3 expression of T follicular regulatory-like cells in diffuse large B cell lymphoma patients.

Based on CD25 expression, T follicular helper cells (Tfh) could be divided into T follicular regulatory (Tfr)-like subset (CD25CD4CXCR5) and CD25 Tfh subset (CD25CD4CXCR5). Patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) display high level of Tfr-like cells in blood and tumor. This Tfr-like subset could suppress CD8 T cell response while promote tumor cell proliferation.

Cost-effectiveness analyses of sacubitril-valsartan for heart failure.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacoeconomic value of sacubitril-valsartan for the treatment of heart failure (HF). PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Scopus, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases were searched systematically and the retrieval time ended in August 2019. According to the criteria of inclusion and exclusion, the quality of studies included was evaluated as per the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) scale, and the results were extracted and analyzed systematically.

CLT030, a leukemic stem cell-targeting CLL1 antibody-drug conjugate for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

The current standard of care for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is largely ineffective with very high relapse rates and low survival rates, mostly due to the inability to eliminate a rare population of leukemic stem cells (LSCs) that initiate tumor growth and are resistant to standard chemotherapy. RNA-sequencing analysis on isolated LSCs confirmed C-type lectin domain family 12 member A (CLL1, also known as CLEC12A) to be highly expressed on LSCs but not on normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) or other healthy organ tissues. Expression of CLL1 was consistent across different types of AML.

The Plasma Membrane Calcium ATPases in Calcium Signaling Network.

The plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPases (PMCAs) are responsible for the clearance of Ca2+ out of cells after intracellular Ca2+ transients. Cooperating with Na+/Ca2+ exchangers (NCXs) and Ca2+ buffering proteins, PMCAs play an essential role in maintaining the long-term cellular Ca2+ homeostasis. The plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase was first discovered in red blood cell membrane about 50 years ago, and then other PMCA isoforms and alternatively spliced variants had been identified from different tissues and different developmental stages, revealing a surprising complexity of the PMCA family.

Design and Synthesis of Isoquinolidinobenzodiazepine Dimers, a Novel Class of Antibody-Drug Conjugate Payload.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent an important class of emerging cancer therapeutics. Recent ADC development efforts highlighted the use of pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer payload for the treatment of several cancers. We identified the isoquinolidinobenzodiazepine (IQB) payload (D211), a new class of PBD dimer family of DNA damaging payloads.

Tauroursodeoxycholic acid inhibits TNF-α-induced lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via the IRE-JNK-perilipin-A signaling pathway.

The present study investigated the effects of tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) on the lipolytic action of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Following treatment with TNF‑α, cell viability was determined by MTT assay to select the optimum concentration and duration of TNF‑α treatment in 3T3‑L1 adipocytes. Intracellular lipid droplet dispersion and glycerin content in culture media were determined to evaluate the effect of TUDCA on TNF‑α‑induced lipolysis in 3T3‑L1 adipocytes.

Skp2 is required for Aurora B activation in cell mitosis and spindle checkpoint.

The Aurora B kinase plays a critical role in cell mitosis and spindle checkpoint. Here, we showed that the ubiquitin E3-ligase protein Skp2, also as a cell-cycle regulatory protein, was required for the activation of Aurora B and its downstream protein. When we restored Skp2 knockdown Hela cells with Skp2 and Skp2-LRR E3 ligase dead mutant we found that Skp2 could rescue the defect in the activation of Aurora B, but the mutant failed to do so.

Altered expression profile of apoptosis-related molecules correlated with clinicopathological factors in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Apoptosis-related molecules can be abnormally expressed in cancers and underscore the hallmark of resisting cell death in cancer cells. This study was aimed to observe the expression patterns of apoptosis-related molecules in lung cancer and paired non-cancerous tissues, and to observe if there is a correlation between the expression of these apoptotic molecules and clinicopathologic parameters. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to analyze the expression level of CASP3, CASP8, CASP9, PARP1, Cleaved CASP3 (C-CASP3), Cleaved PARP1 (C-PARP1), XIAP, BIRC5 (Survivin) and BCL2 in lung cancer and paired non-cancerous tissues.