T1 mapping-based radiomics in the identification of histological types of lung cancer: a reproducibility and feasibility study.

Background: T1 mapping can quantify the longitudinal relaxation time of tissues. This study aimed to investigate the repeatability and reproducibility of T1 mapping radiomics features of lung cancer and the feasibility of T1 mapping-based radiomics model to predict its pathological types.

Methods: The chest T1 mapping images and clinical characteristics of 112 lung cancer patients (54 with adenocarcinoma and 58 with other types of lung cancer) were collected retrospectively.

Five new flavonoids and their pharmacological activities from Iris tenuifolia Pall.

Five new components including two new isoflavones, 5, 7, 2', 3'-tetrahydroxy-6-methoxyisoflavone (1), 5, 7, 2', 3'-tetrahydroxy-8-methoxyisoflavone (2), one flavonol 3, 5, 3', 4'-tetrahydroxy-7, 2'-dimethoxyflavonol (3), one flavanone (2S)-5, 7, 3'-trihydroxy-2'-methoxyflavanone (4), and one flavanonol (2R, 3R)-3, 5, 3', 4'-tetrahydroxy-7, 2'-dimethoxyflavanonol (5), along with nine known flavonoids (6-14) were isolated from under ground parts of Iris tenuifolia Pall. Their structures were elucidated by NMR and HRESIMS data and by comparison of CD spectra with compounds having similar structure. The separated compounds were evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activities by DPPH and ABTS.

Volumetric analysis of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging in preoperative assessment of non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the potential of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in the prediction of tumor grade, lymph node metastasis and pleural invasion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before surgery.

Materials And Methods: 65 patients diagnosed with NSCLC by surgery were enrolled. IVIM-DWI (10 b-values, 0-1000 s/mm) was performed before surgery.

Volumetric Analysis of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-Weighted Imaging for Predicting the Response to Chemotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Objective: We aimed to prospectively investigate intravoxel incoherent motion parameters to predict the response to chemotherapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods: From July 2016 to March 2018, 30 advanced NSCLC patients were enrolled and underwent chest intravoxel incoherent motion-diffusion-weighted imaging at Siemens 3T magnetic resonance imaging before and at the end of the first cycle of chemotherapy. Regions of interest were drawn including the whole tumor volume to derive the apparent diffusion coefficient value, D, D*, and f, respectively.

B -Corrected T1 Mapping in Lung Cancer: Repeatability, Reproducibility, and Identification of Histological Types.

Background: T1 mapping can potentially quantitatively assess the intrinsic properties of tumors. B correction can reduce the magnetic field inhomogeneity.

Purpose: To assess the repeatability and reproducibility of B -corrected T1 mapping for lung cancer and the ability to identify pathological types.

Total Flavonoids of Alleviates Irinotecan-Induced Colitis Modification of Gut Microbiota and Fecal Metabolism.

Irinotecan (CPT-11)-induced gastrointestinal toxicity strongly limits its anticancer efficacy. Fisch., especially flavonoids, has strong anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities.

Chemo Proling and Simultaneous Analysis of Different Combinations of Sinomenii Caulis and Ramulus Cinnamomi Using UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS, GC-MS and HPLC Methods.

Objective: Sinomenii Caulis (QingFengTeng) and Ramulus Cinnamomi (GuiZhi) are traditional Chinese drugs that have been used for anti-inflammation. In this study, the team plans to find out the material basis of a Chinese herb combination composed of the two herbs with different ratios.

Methods: The extracts of the herbal compound with various ratios obtained from ethanol extraction were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry to identify the basic chemical compounds.

Gardner syndrome with a giant mass in the thoracic cavity: a case report and analysis of the related complications.

Gardner syndrome (GS) is a form of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and is characterized by colonic polyposis, osteomas, and soft-tissue tumors. Desmoid tumors (DT) are lesions of mesenchymal origin and are an extra-colonic manifestation of GS. Gardner-associated fibroma (GAF) is considered to be a benign soft-tissue lesion related to DT and FAP.

The value of diffusion-weighted imaging based on monoexponential and biexponential models for the diagnosis of benign and malignant lung nodules and masses.

Objectives: The objective is to compare the efficacy of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) parameters of mean and minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC and ADC) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) in the differentiation of benign and malignant lung nodules and masses.

Methods: Lung lesions measured larger than 1.5 cm on CT were included between August 2015 and September 2018.

A primary analysis on measuring repeatability of the maximum diameter between CT and MR imaging for lung cancers.

Objective: To investigate the measurement reproducibility of the maximum diameter on MRI routine sequence (T1WI, T2WI, DWI) and CT in peripheral and central lung cancer, and to provide reference standard for evaluating treatment responses for lung cancer.

Methods: 53 patients with lung cancer underwent CT and 3.0T MR scanning.

Dual drug-loaded cubic liquid crystal gels for transdermal delivery: inner structure and percutaneous mechanism evaluations.

The goal of this paper was to develop and evaluate dual component-loaded with the hydrophilic sinomenine hydrochloride (SH) and lipophilic cinnamaldehyde (CA) cubic liquid crystal gels for transdermal delivery. The gels was prepared with a vortex method using phytantriol/water (70:30, w/w) and characterized by polarized light microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering and rheology. The inner structure of the gels were Pn3m cubic phase and exhibited a pseudoplastic fluid behavior.

The Effect of Prescription on the Framework of Lipid Matrix and In Vitro Properties.

Purpose: To clarify the inner framework and relative properties in vitro of Lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) based on various prescriptions by using hydrophilic sinomenine hydrochloride (SH) and lipophilic cinnamaldehyde (CA) as model drugs.

Methods: Phase structures were checked by polarized light microscopy (PLM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Rheological studies and Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) analysis were carried out to reveal their molecular interactions.

Novel berberine derivatives: Design, synthesis, antimicrobial effects, and molecular docking studies.

A series of berberine derivatives were synthesized by introducing substituted benzyl groups at C-9. All these synthesized compounds (4a-4m) were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against four Gram-positive bacteria and four Gram-negative bacteria and evaluated for their antifungal activity against three pathogenic fungal strains. All these compounds displayed good antibacterial and antifungal activities, compared to reference drugs including Ciprofloxacin and Fluconazole; Compounds 4f, 4g, and 4l showed the highest antibacterial and antifungal activities.

On the Structure and Transdermal Profile of Liquid Crystals Based on Phytantriol.

Background: There has been a growing concern in transdermal drug technology over the past several decades. As a novel transdermal delivery system, Lyotropic liquid crystals (LLC) still face challenges such as drug loading, limited drug permeation and instability of systems. LLC system is so sensitive that a very subtle change in composition may induce a phase transformation or conversion of spatial configuration, and result in a diverse percutaneous delivery subsequently.

Carboxylesterase and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases mediated metabolism of irinotecan: In vitro and in vivo insights from quantitative ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis.

Carboxylesterase and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase-mediated metabolism of irinotecan (CPT-11) has long been proposed to be responsible for its anti-tumor activity and toxicity, like delayed-onset diarrhea. However, recent studies failed to gain more comprehensive in vivo and in vitro pharmacokinetic profiles of irinotecan. Herein, we use rat plasma, human liver microsomes and immortalized HepG2 cell as experimental subjects to describe a sensitive and versatile UHPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneously quantifying CPT-11 and its metabolites, including SN-38 and SN-38G.

Characterization and In Vitro Permeation Study of Cubic Liquid Crystal Containing Sinomenine Hydrochloride.

This study developed a new transdermal delivery system for the improved delivery of sinomenine hydrochloride (SH). The delivery system utilized the advantages of lyotropic liquid crystals (LLC) creating an adaptable system that offers a variety of options for the field of transdermal delivery. The formulation was prepared, characterized, and evaluated for its skin penetration in vitro.

Lung Cancer: Short-Term Reproducibility of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Parameters and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient at 3T.

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the short-term reproducibility of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in lung cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: In all, 50 patients (50 lesions) underwent free-breathing diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) (b = 0, 300, 800 s/mm ) and IVIM (10 b-values, 0-1000 s/mm ) scans twice (0.5-1-hour interval) at 3T.

Discovery and structural optimization of 4-(4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones as RORc inverse agonists.

Aim: Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan nuclear receptors (RORs) are orphan nuclear receptors that show constitutive activity in the absence of ligands. Among 3 subtypes of RORs, RORc is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of Th17-mediated autoimmune diseases. Here, we report novel RORc inverse agonists discovered through structure-based drug design.

Synthesis and evaluation of benzylisoquinoline derivatives for their inhibition on pancreatic lipase and preadipocyte proliferation.

The present study was designed to synthesize and evaluate a series of benzylisoquinoline derivatives. These compounds were synthesized by Bischler-Napieralski cyclization to yield 1-benzyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolines, and the products were obtained by reductions. All these compounds were identified by MS, (1)H NMR and (13)C NMR.

Calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside regulates nitric oxide /caveolin-1/matrix metalloproteinases pathway and protects blood-brain barrier integrity in experimental cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Ethnopharmacology Relevance: Astragali Radix (AR) has been used for thousands years to treat ischemic stroke. Calycosin and its glycoside form calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (CG) are two representative isoflavones in Astragali Radix. However, its neurological effects and related molecular mechanisms are largely unknown.

[Cytotoxic alkaloids from stems of Nelumbo nucifera].

Chemical investigation was carried out to study the alkaloids from stems of Nelumbo nucifera and their cytotoxic activities. The constituents were separated by column chromatography, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analyses. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities by MTr method.

Two new flavone glycosides from the seeds of Impatiens balsamina L.

Two new flavone glycosides were isolated from the seeds of Impatiens balsamina L. and their structures were determined as quercetin-3-O-[α-L-rhamnose-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), and quercetin-3-O-[(6'''-O-caffeoyl)-α-L-rhamnose-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) on the basis of various spectral and chemical studies.

[Chemical constituents from Hedyotis diffusa].

Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents from Hedyotis diffusa.

Method: The compounds were isolated and purified by various chromatographic techniques and identified by their physicochemical properties and spectral data.

Result: Eight compounds had been reported in last paper, and this time eight more compounds were isolated and identified as 6-hydroxystigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one (1), 3-hydroxystigmasta-4,22-dien-7-one (2), 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone (3), 2,6-dihydroxy-3-methyl-4-methoxyanthraquinone (4), iso-scutellarein (5), isoetin (6), aesculetin (7), gypsogenic acid (8).