Identification of multiple miRNA-encoded peptide reveals OsmiPEP162a putatively stabilizes OsMIR162 in rice.

MiPEPs regulate growth, development and stress response. Identification of rice miPEPs plays a crucial role in elucidation of molecular functions of rice miPEPs and rice genetic improvement. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are derivatives of primary miRNAs (pri-miRNAs) and govern the expression of target genes.

Severe pneumonia caused by combined with infection: a case report.

is an obligate aerobic, Gram-negative bacillus belonging to the family of Weeksellacease. In recent years, there has been a gradual increase in related infections, especially in chronically hospitalized, immunocompromised populations that often develop severe pneumonia. Severe pneumonia is one of the common critical illnesses.

Autologous transplantation of P63 lung progenitor cells in patients with bronchiectasis: A randomized, single-blind, controlled trial.

Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis is a progressive respiratory disease with limited treatment options, prompting the exploration of regenerative therapies. This study investigates the safety and efficacy of autologous P63 progenitor cell transplantation in a randomized, single-blind, controlled, phase 1/2 trial. Thirty-seven patients receive bronchoscopic airway clearance (B-ACT) (n = 19) or B-ACT plus P63 progenitor cells (n = 18).

Cdc42 improve SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-induced cellular senescence through activating of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway.

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 infection drove senescent cells and the senescence-associated phenotypes were reported playing roles in disease progression, which contributes to severe COVID-19 and related sequelae. Cdc42 is involved in the regulation of cellular senescence. This study, aimed to investigate the mechanism of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein regulating cellular senescence through Cdc42.

Study of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Reinforced by Polybutadiene Liquid Rubber-Modified Silica.

The dispersion of silica in rubber systems and its interaction with rubber are two key factors in the preparation of rubber composites with excellent properties. In view of this, silica modified with terminal isocyanate-based polybutadiene liquid rubber (ITPB) is used to improve the dispersion effect of silica in rubber and enhance its interaction with the rubber matrix to improve the rubber's performance. The impact of different modification conditions on the dispersion of silica and the properties of modified silica-filled rubber composites were studied by changing the amount of ITPB and the modification method of silica, including blending and chemical grafting.

An efficient CRISPR-Cas12a-mediated MicroRNA knockout strategy in plants.

In recent years, the CRISPR-Cas9 nuclease has been used to knock out MicroRNA (miRNA) genes in plants, greatly promoting the study of miRNA function. However, due to its propensity for generating small insertions and deletions, Cas9 is not well-suited for achieving a complete knockout of miRNA genes. By contrast, CRISPR-Cas12a nuclease generates larger deletions, which could significantly disrupt the secondary structure of pre-miRNA and prevent the production of mature miRNAs.

PAM-relaxed and temperature-tolerant CRISPR-Mb3Cas12a single transcript unit systems for efficient singular and multiplexed genome editing in rice, maize, and tomato.

Class 2 Type V-A CRISPR-Cas (Cas12a) nucleases are powerful genome editing tools, particularly effective in A/T-rich genomic regions, complementing the widely used CRISPR-Cas9 in plants. To enhance the utility of Cas12a, we investigate three Cas12a orthologs-Mb3Cas12a, PrCas12a, and HkCas12a-in plants. Protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) requirements, editing efficiencies, and editing profiles are compared in rice.

Amyloid-β-targeting immunotherapies for Alzheimer's disease.

Recent advances in clinical passive immunotherapy have provided compelling evidence that eliminating amyloid-β (Aβ) slows cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the modest benefits and side effects observed in clinical trials indicate that current immunotherapy therapy is not a panacea, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of AD mechanisms and the significance of early intervention through optimized immunotherapy or immunoprevention. This review focuses on the centrality of Aβ pathology in AD and summarizes recent clinical progress in passive and active immunotherapies targeting Aβ, discussing their lessons and failures to inform future anti-Aβ biotherapeutics design.

Four novel species of collected from freshwater habitats in Jiangxi Province, China.

During an investigation of fungal diversity from freshwater environments in different regions in Jiangxi Province, China, four interesting species were collected. Morphology coupled with combined gene analysis of an ITS, LSU, SSU, and DNA sequence data showed that they belong to the family . Four new species, , , , and are herein described.

Magnetic Micromotors with Spiky Gold Nanoshells as SERS Sensors for Thiram and Bacteria Detection.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is widely used in all kinds of detection due to its ultrahigh sensitivity and selectivity. Micromotors, when used as SERS sensors, or the so-called "hotspots on the fly", can combine both controlled mobility and SERS sensing capacity, and are ideal for versatile in situ detection. In this work, mobile SERS sensors are successfully fabricated by growing gold nanospikes onto magnetic microsphere surfaces.

Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC33323 affects the intestinal mucosal barrier to ameliorate DSS-induced colitis through the NR1I3-mediated regulation of E-cadherin.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune system disorder primarily characterized by colitis, the exact etiology of which remains unclear. Traditional treatment approaches currently yield limited efficacy and are associated with significant side effects. Extensive research has indicated the potent therapeutic effects of probiotics, particularly Lactobacillus strains, in managing colitis.

Research progress on pretreatment technology for the analysis of amphetamine biological samples.

Sample pretreatment technology is crucial for drug analysis and detection, because the effect of sample pretreatment directly determinates the final analysis results. In recent years, with the continuous innovation of microextraction and other technologies like material preparation technologies and assistant technologies for extraction, the sample pretreatment techniques in the process of drug analysis have become more and more mature and diverse. This article takes amphetamine (AM) or methamphetamine as an example to review the recent development of pretreatment methods for AM-containing biological samples from the perspectives of extraction techniques, extraction media and auxiliary technologies.

Analysis of Critical Instability Conditions for Solid-Phase Plugging of Natural Fractures during Temporary Plugging and Fracturing.

Hydraulic fracturing has become a key technology for the development of unconventional oil and gas resources, such as deep shale. Due to the development of natural fractures in deep shale reservoirs, the opening of natural fractures during the fracturing process can cause a significant loss of fracturing fluid, resulting in a reduction in the width of the main fracture and construction risks, such as sand plugging. It is important to improve the fracturing effect of deep shale reservoirs by plugging natural fractures with solid phases, reducing filtration, and improving the efficiency of the fracturing fluid.

Risk of extended viral shedding of Omicron BA.2 in Shanghai: Implications for vaccination strategy optimization.

Background: In late March 2022, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the Omicron BA.2 strain occurred in Shanghai, China. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, and vaccine protectiveness related to this disease in China.

Temperature Self-Limited Intelligent Thermo-chemotherapeutic Lipid Nanosystem for P-gp Reversal Time Window Matched Pulse Treatment of MDR Tumor.

Mild photothermal therapy (PTT) shows the potential for chemosensitization by tumor-localized P-glycoprotein (P-gp) modulation. However, conventional mild PTT struggles with real-time uniform temperature control, obscuring the temperature-performance relationship and resulting in thermal damage. Besides, the time-performance relationship and the underlying mechanism of mild PTT-mediated P-gp reversal remains elusive.

Host-design strategies of zinc anodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) have garnered considerable interest as an eco-friendly, safe, and cost-effective energy storage solution. Although significant strides have been made in recent years, there remain technical hurdles to overcome. Herein, this review summarizes in detail the primary challenges confronting aqueous zinc ion batteries, including the rampant dendrite growth, and water-induced parasitic reactions, and proposes host-engineering modification strategies focusing on optimizing the structure design of the zinc anode substrates, involving three-dimensional structure design, zincophilicity regulation, and epitaxial-oriented modification, and comprehensively analyzes the structure-activity relationship between different modification strategies and battery performance.

Multi-gene phylogenetic analyses revealed two novel species and one new record of (Pleosporales, Dictyosporiaceae) from China.

The rotting wood in freshwater is a unique eco-environment favoring various fungi. During our investigation of freshwater fungi on decaying wood, three hyphomycetes were collected from Jiangxi and Guangxi Provinces, China. Based on the morphological observations and phylogenetic analysis of a combined DNA data containing ITS, LSU, SSU and sequences, two new species, and , as well as a new record of , were introduced.

Lipid-Polymer Nanoparticles Mediate Compartmentalized Delivery of Cas9 and sgRNA for Glioblastoma Vasculature and Immune Reprogramming.

Hypervascularized glioblastoma is naturally sensitive to anti-angiogenesis but suffers from low efficacy of transient vasculature normalization. In this study, a lipid-polymer nanoparticle is synthesized to execute compartmentalized Cas9 and sgRNA delivery for a permanent vasculature editing strategy by knocking out the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). The phenylboronic acid branched cationic polymer is designed to condense sgRNA electrostatically (inner compartment) and patch Cas9 coordinatively (outer compartment), followed by liposomal hybridization with angiopep-2 decoration for blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration.