Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play pivotal roles in solid tumor initiation, growth, and immune evasion. However, the optimal biomimetic modeling conditions remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the effects of 2D and 3D culturing conditions on human primary CAFs integrated into a modular tumor microenvironment (TME).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInduction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) has been shown to be a viable therapeutic approach to treating sickle cell disease and potentially other β-hemoglobinopathies. To identify targets and target-modulating small molecules that enhance HbF expression, we engineered a human umbilical-derived erythroid progenitor reporter cell line (HUDEP2_HBG1_HiBiT) by genetically tagging a HiBiT peptide to the carboxyl (C)-terminus of the endogenous HBG1 gene locus, which codes for γ-globin protein, a component of HbF. Employing this reporter cell line, we performed a chemogenomic screen of approximately 5000 compounds annotated with known targets or mechanisms that have achieved clinical stage or approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Cu active sites have gained great attention in electrochemical nitrate reduction, offering a highly promising method for nitrate removal from water bodies. However, challenges arise from the instability of the Cu state and microscopic structure over prolonged operation, limiting the selectivity and durability of Cu-based electrodes. Herein, a self-reconstructed CuO/TiO nanofibers (CuO/TiO NFs) catalyst, demonstrating exceptional stability over 50 cycles (12 h per cycle), a high NO -N removal rate of 90.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLow-temperature and low-salt fermented Chinese kohlrabi (LSCK) represents a novel approach to producing low-salt kohlrabi without the need for desalination during processing, as compared to traditional techniques. However, the profile of its non-volatile metabolites remains unclear. In order to investigate the non-volatile metabolites and their changes in LSCK during fermentation, the LSCKs fermented for 0 day (0D), 45 days (45D) and 90 days (90D) were analyzed using LC-MS/MS non-targeted metabolomics coupled with multivariate statistical analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDegradation of polyolefin (PE) plastic by a traditional chemical method requires a high pressure and a high temperature but generates complex products. Here, sulfur vacancy-rich ZnInS and hydroxy-rich ZnInS were rationally fabricated to realize photocatalytic degradation of PE in an aqueous solution under mild conditions. The results reveal that the optimized photocatalyst could degrade PE into CO and CO, and PE had a weight loss of 84.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Explainable machine learning (XAI) was introduced in this study to improve the interpretability, explainability and transparency of the modelling results. The survex package in R was used to interpret and compare two survival models - the Cox proportional hazards regression (coxph) model and the random survival forest (rfsrc) model - and to estimate overall survival (OS) and its determinants in heart failure (HF) patients using these models.
Methods: We selected 1159 HF patients hospitalised at the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University.
Chem Commun (Camb)
September 2024
It is of great significance to develop a novel approach to treat bacterial infections, as the frequent misuse of antibiotics leads to the serious problem of bacterial resistance. This study proposed antibiotic-free antibacterial nanoparticles for eliminating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) based on a multi-model synergistic antibacterial ability of chemodynamic therapy (CDT), photothermal effect, and innate immunomodulation. Specifically, a polydopamine (PDA) layer coated and Ag nanoparticles loaded core-shell structure FeO nanoparticles (FeO@PDA-Ag) is prepared.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectro-reforming of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) into valuable chemicals is garnering significant attention as it opens a mild avenue for waste resource utilization. However, achieving high activity and selectivity for valuable C2 products during ethylene glycol (EG) oxidation in PET hydrolysate on Pd electrocatalysts remains challenging. The strong interaction between Pd and carbonyl (*CO) intermediates leads to undesirable over-oxidation and poisoning of Pd sites, which hinders the highly efficient C2 products production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe whole Thunb. plant is utilized in traditional medicine for its properties of clearing heat, detoxifying, soothing meridians, relaxing the liver, and stopping bleeding. In folk medicine, it is frequently used to treat hepatitis, colds, tonsillitis, and bruises.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Physiol Biochem
September 2024
Lodging largely affects yield, quality and mechanical harvesting of maize. Stalk strength is one of the major factors that affect maize lodging. Although plant cell wall components including lignin and cellulose were known to be associated with stalk strength and lodging resistance, spatial accumulation of specific lignin monomers and cellulose in different tissues and their association with stalk strength in maize was not clearly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Artif Intell
June 2024
The identification of plant leaf diseases is crucial in precision agriculture, playing a pivotal role in advancing the modernization of agriculture. Timely detection and diagnosis of leaf diseases for preventive measures significantly contribute to enhancing both the quantity and quality of agricultural products, thereby fostering the in-depth development of precision agriculture. However, despite the rapid development of research on plant leaf disease identification, it still faces challenges such as insufficient agricultural datasets and the problem of deep learning-based disease identification models having numerous training parameters and insufficient accuracy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochar is a porous carbon material generated by the thermal treatment of biomass under anaerobic or anoxic conditions with wealthy Oxygen-containing functional groups (OCFGs). To date, OCFGs of biochar have been extensively studied for their significant utility in pollutant removal, catalysis, capacitive applications, etc. This review adopted a whole system philosophy and systematically summarizes up-to-date knowledge of formation, detection methods, engineering, and application for OCFGs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChronic refractory wounds caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial and biofilm infections are a substantial threat to human health, which presents a persistent challenge in managing clinical wound care. We here synthesized a composite nanosheet AIPH/AMP/MoS, which can potentially be used for combined therapy because of the photothermal effect induced by MoS, its ability to deliver antimicrobial peptides, and its ability to generate alkyl free radicals independent of oxygen. The synthesized nanosheets exhibited 61 % near-infrared (NIR) photothermal conversion efficiency, marked photothermal stability and free radical generating ability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFand are high-yield forage varieties suitable for cultivation in high-altitude areas of Tibet (4300 m above sea level). was developed from , with the latter serving as its parent variety. was identified as a spring variety, and subsequent RNA sequencing was conducted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDue to the lack of direct assessment metrics, existing studies on the intensity of agricultural policies often utilize indicators such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of agriculture or the quantity of agricultural policies as measures. Optimizing methods for analyzing the intensity of agricultural policies will significantly impact parameter selection in agricultural policy research and the evaluation of policy effectiveness. In this study, we constructed a Chinese Agricultural Policy Corpus using agricultural policies released by various governmental agencies at the national level in China from 1982 to April 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Heterosis has successfully enhanced maize productivity and quality. Although significant progress has been made in delineating the genetic basis of heterosis, the molecular mechanisms underlying its genetic components remain less explored. Allele-specific expression (ASE), the imbalanced expression between two parental alleles in hybrids, is increasingly being recognized as a factor contributing to heterosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAqueous proton batteries have received increasing attention due to their outstanding rate performance, stability and high capacity. However, the selection of anode materials in strongly acidic electrolytes poses a challenge in achieving high-performance aqueous proton batteries. This study optimized the proton reaction kinetics of layered metal oxide WO by introducing interlayer structural water and coating polyaniline (PANI) on its surface to prepare organic-inorganic hybrid material (WO ⋅ 2HO@PANI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnergy storage devices play a crucial role in various applications, such as powering electronics, power backup for homes and businesses, and support for the integration of renewable energy sources into electrical grid applications. Electrode materials for energy storage devices are preferred to have a flexible nature, conductive, better capacity, and low-toxicity. Using Gallium based liquid metal alloys, such as Eutectic Gallium-Indium (EGaIn), Eutectic Gallium-Tin (EGaSn), and Eutectic Gallium-Indium-Tin (EGaInSn), as electrode materials play very important role in energy storage devices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecently, there has been a notable surge in interest regarding reclaiming valuable chemicals from waste plastics. However, the energy-intensive conventional thermal catalysis does not align with the concept of sustainable development. Herein, we report a sustainable electrocatalytic approach allowing the selective synthesis of glycolic acid (GA) from waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) over a PdAg alloy catalyst under ambient conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study delved into the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the mitigation of cadmium (Cd) stress in the model medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza through the application of ZnO quantum dots (ZnO QDs, 3.84 nm). A pot experiment was conducted, wherein S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHierarchical self-assembly with long-range order above centimeters widely exists in nature. Mimicking similar structures to promote reaction kinetics of electrochemical energy devices is of immense interest, yet remains challenging. Here, we report a bottom-up self-assembly approach to constructing ordered mesoporous nanofibers with a structure resembling vascular bundles via electrospinning.
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