Anti-influenza drug screening and inhibition of apigetrin on influenza A virus replication via TLR4 and autophagy pathways.

Activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 plays important roles in the influenzaA virus (IAV) infection. To explore TLR4 inhibitors, 161 traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) were screened. Further, we screened out Ixeris sonchifolia Hance, and its active compound, Apigetrin (apigenin-7-O-glucoside).

Assessment of coronary microcirculation alterations in a porcine model of no-reflow using ultrasound localization microscopy: a proof of concept study.

Background: Coronary microvascular obstruction also known as no-reflow phenomenon is a major issue during myocardial infarction that bears important prognostic implications. Alterations of the microvascular network remains however challenging to assess as there is no imaging modality in the clinics that can image directly the coronary microvascular vessels. Ultrasound Localization Microscopy (ULM) imaging was recently introduced to map microvascular flows at high spatial resolution (∼10 μm).

Thermomechanical responses of the drift tube to beam loss at the China spallation neutron source.

The China Spallation Neutron Source drift tube linac (DTL) is a high current intensity linear accelerator operated in pulsed mode. Beam loss is the most important cause of DTL performance degradation. Therefore, control of beam loss is very crucial to the linac's commission and routine operation.

Effects of dazomet combined with PSB-06 on root-knot nematode, infecting ginger and soil microorganisms diversity.

Root-knot nematode, is one of the most important nematodes affecting ginger crop. PSB-06, as effective microbial fertilizer in increasing plant growth and suppressing soil-borne disease of many crops has been reported. The combination of PSB-06 and dazomet treatments had been proved to inhibit root-knot nematode on ginger and increase ginger yield in our preliminary study.

Metagenomic analysis of the dynamical conversion of photosynthetic bacterial communities in different crop fields over different growth periods.

Photosynthetic bacteria are beneficial to plants, but knowledge of photosynthetic bacterial community dynamics in field crops during different growth stages is scarce. The factors controlling the changes in the photosynthetic bacterial community during plant growth require further investigation. In this study, 35 microbial community samples were collected from the seedling, flowering, and mature stages of tomato, cucumber, and soybean plants.

Anti-influenza A Virus Effects and Mechanisms of Emodin and Its Analogs via Regulating PPAR/-AMPK-SIRT1 Pathway and Fatty Acid Metabolism.

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) /-adenosine 5'-monophosphate- (AMP-) activated protein kinase- (AMPK-) sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) pathway and fatty acid metabolism are reported to be involved in influenza A virus (IAV) replication and IAV-pneumonia. Through a cell-based peroxisome proliferator responsive element- (PPRE-) driven luciferase bioassay, we have investigated 145 examples of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Several TCMs, such as , Baillon, and var.

Development and external validation of a novel multihematoma fuzzy sign on computed tomography for predicting traumatic intraparenchymal hematoma expansion.

Acute traumatic intraparenchymal hematoma (tICH) expansion is a devastating neurological complication that is associated with poor outcome after cerebral contusion. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel noncontrast computed tomography (CT) (NCCT) multihematoma fuzzy sign to predict acute tICH expansion. In this multicenter, prospective cohort study, multihematoma fuzzy signs on baseline CT were found in 212 (43.

Spatial learning and memory impaired after infection of non-neurotropic influenza virus in BALB/c male mice.

During the influenza pandemic or seasonal influenza outbreak, influenza infection can cause acute influenza-associated encephalopathy/encephalitis (IAE), even death. Patients with severe IAE will also have severe neurological sequelae. Neurologic disorders have been demonstrated in the mice treated with peripheral influenza viruses infection, whether neurotropic or non-neurotropic viruses.

Dynamic Changes in the Microbiome and Mucosal Immune Microenvironment of the Lower Respiratory Tract by Influenza Virus Infection.

Influenza is a major public health concern, and the high mortality rate is largely attributed to secondary bacterial infections. There are several mechanisms through which the virus increases host susceptibility to bacterial colonization, but the micro-environment in lower respiratory tract (LRT) of host, infected with influenza virus, is unclear. To this end, we analyzed the LRT microbiome, transcriptome of lung and metabolome of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in mice inoculated intra-nasally with H1N1 to simulate human influenza, and we observed significant changes in the composition of microbial community and species diversity in the acute (7 days post inoculation or dpi), convalescent (14 dpi) and the recovery (28 dpi) periods.

Clinical observation of the reduced glutathione in the treatment of diabetic chronic kidney disease.

Background: Diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become the main cause of death in diabetic patients, but its pathogenesis has not yet been clear.

Objective: To investigate the effects of reduced glutathione (GSH) on oxidative stress (OS), angiogenesis factors and lymphocyte subsets in diabetic CKD patients.

Methods: A total of 130 subjects were retrospectively studied.

Usefulness of conventional magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging in evaluating postoperative function in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of T2 high signal intensity (T2-HSI) and decreased anteroposterior diameter (APD), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) in evaluating postoperative cervical cord function.

Methods: The study included 57 postoperative cervical spondylotic myelopathy patients. Clinical evaluation and functional recovery assessments were performed using the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) score and recovery rate.

Radiomics analysis allows for precise prediction of epilepsy in patients with low-grade gliomas.

Purpose: To investigate the association between imaging features and low-grade gliomas (LGG) related epilepsy, and to propose a radiomics-based model for the prediction of LGG-associated epilepsy.

Methods: This retrospective study consecutively enrolled 286 patients with LGGs (194 in the primary cohort and 92 in the validation cohort). T2-weighted MR images (T2WI) were used to characterize risk factors for LGG-related epilepsy: Tumor location features and 3-D imaging features were determined, following which the interactions between these two kinds of features were analyzed.

Physical Predictors of Cognitive Function in Individuals With Hypertension: Evidence from the CHARLS Basline Survey.

The purpose of the study was to examine the independent associations of each individual physical performance measure (i.e., grip strength, walking speed, repeated chair stands, and balance test) with subdomains of cognitive function and to determine predictors for each subdomain of cognitive function.

Relationship between fatigue symptoms and subjective and objective indicators in hemodialysis patients.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the major factors affecting fatigue symptoms and to examine the relationships between fatigue symptoms and subjective and objective indicators in patients on hemodialysis (HD).

Methods: Patients on HD who met the inclusion criteria were chosen from two grade A tertiary general hospitals by convenience sampling and cross-sectional survey methods.

Results: A total of 511 patients were included in the study.

Oxymatrine Inhibits Influenza A Virus Replication and Inflammation via TLR4, p38 MAPK and NF-κB Pathways.

Oxymatrine (OMT) is a strong immunosuppressive agent that has been used in the clinic for many years. In the present study, by using plaque inhibition, luciferase reporter plasmids, qRT-PCR, western blotting, and ELISA assays, we have investigated the effect and mechanism of OMT on influenza A virus (IAV) replication and IAV-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that OMT had excellent anti-IAV activity on eight IAV strains in vitro.

Anti-influenza A virus activity of rhein through regulating oxidative stress, TLR4, Akt, MAPK, and NF-κB signal pathways.

Rhein, an anthraquinone compound existing in many traditional herbal medicines, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, antiviral, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective activities, but its anti-influenza A virus (IAV) activity is ambiguous. In the present study, through plaque inhibition assay, time-of-addition assay, antioxidant assay, qRT-PCR, ELISA, and western blotting assays, we investigated the anti-IAV effect and mechanism of action of rhein in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that rhein could significantly inhibit IAV adsorption and replication, decrease IAV-induced oxidative stress, activations of TLR4, Akt, p38, JNK MAPK, and NF-κB pathways, and production of inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases in vitro.

Altered functional connectivity in post-ischemic stroke depression: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Objective: In previous studies, post-stroke depression (PSD) was found to be related to stroke characteristics as well as social and psychological factors. This study identified altered functional connectivity (FC) in patients with PSD at the subacute phase in three brain networks: default mood network (DMN), cognitive control network (CCN), and affective network (AN). The correlation between FC and the severity of PSD was investigated.

Characteristics and factors associated with nosocomial pneumonia among patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT): A case-control study.

Objectives: Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is a specialized type of dialysis. However, the characteristics and factors associated with nosocomial pneumonia in patients undergoing CRRT have received little attention to date. Therefore, this study investigated the characteristics of and factors contributing to nosocomial pneumonia in patients receiving CRRT.

Catheter Injected Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induce Efficacious Occlusion of Arteriovenous Nidus in a Swine Model.

Objectives: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are complex vascular lesions. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice, but is often not achievable. Embolo-sclerotherapy alone is associated with high recurrence rates.

A combined diffusion tensor imaging and Ki-67 labeling index study for evaluating the extent of tumor infiltration using the F98 rat glioma model.

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been proven to be a sophisticated and useful tool for the delineation of tumors. In the present study, we investigated the predictive role of DTI compared to other magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques in combination with Ki-67 labeling index in defining tumor cell infiltration in the peritumoral regions of F98 glioma-bearing rats. A total of 29 tumor-bearing Fischer rats underwent T2-weighted imaging, contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging, and DTI of their brain using a 7.

Regional specificity of 1p/19q co-deletion combined with radiological features for predicting the survival outcomes of anaplastic oligodendroglial tumor patients.

In this study we aimed to identify the anatomic features of 1p/19q co-deletion and investigate the predictive values of tumor location and radiological characteristics for the survival of anaplastic oligodendroglial (AO) glioma patients. Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) analysis was applied to define the brain regions associated with occurrence of 1p/19q co-deletion in a cohort of 206 AO tumor patients (discovery set) treated between May 2009 and September 2013. Retrospectively, the acquired clusters and radiological features were subjected to Kaplan-Meier survival analysis using data from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (validation set) to evaluate their prognostic role in AO patients.

Inhibition of curcumin on influenza A virus infection and influenzal pneumonia via oxidative stress, TLR2/4, p38/JNK MAPK and NF-κB pathways.

Oxidative stress, Nrf2-HO-1 and TLR-MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways have been proved to be involved in influenza A virus (IAV) replication and influenzal pneumonia. In the previous studies, we have performed several high-throughput drug screenings based on the TLR pathways. In the present study, through plaque inhibition test, luciferase reporter assay, TCID, qRT-PCR, western blotting, ELISA and siRNA assays, we investigated the effect and mechanism of action of curcumin against IAV infection in vitro and in vivo.