Effects of heavy-ion beam irradiation on avermectin B1a and its analogues production by .

The biggest challenge in anabolism research is to improve the stability and safety of microbial metabolite production on an industrial scale. One class of metabolites, avermectins, are produced by . In this study, an avermectin B1a-high-producing mutant was produced using heavy ion mutagenesis and selected based on LTQ-MS and HPLC-UV method.

In vivo blood glucose quantification using Raman spectroscopy.

We here propose a novel Raman spectroscopy method that permits the noninvasive measurement of blood glucose concentration. To reduce the effects of the strong background signals produced by surrounding tissue and to obtain the fingerprint Raman lines formed by blood analytes, a laser was focused on the blood in vessels in the skin. The Raman spectra were collected transcutaneously.