Effects of the gut microbiota and its metabolite short-chain fatty acids on endometriosis.

In recent years, a growing body of research has confirmed that the gut microbiota plays a major role in the maintenance of human health and disease. A gut microbiota imbalance can lead to the development of many diseases, such as pregnancy complications, adverse pregnancy outcomes, polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, and cancer. Short-chain fatty acids are metabolites of specific intestinal bacteria and are crucial for maintaining intestinal homeostasis and regulating metabolism and immunity.

A peptide from the Japanese encephalitis virus failed to induce the production of anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antibodies via molecular mimicry in mice.

Background: The development of anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis following viral encephalitis, such as Japanese encephalitis, has received increasing attention in recent years. However, the mechanism of anti-NMDAR antibody production following Japanese encephalitis has not been explored.

Methods: A peptide from the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), which shares a similar amino acid sequence with GluN1, was identified by sequence comparison.

Pediatric anti-NMDAR encephalitis with demyelination on brain MRI: A single center study.

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics, immunotherapy response, and prognosis of pediatric anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis associated with demyelination on brain magnetic resonance (MRI).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children diagnosed with anti-NMDAR encephalitis in our hospital between January 2016 and December 2021. All children with evidence of demyelination on brain MRI were included.

Elevated serum levels of the NLRP3 inflammasome are associated with the severity of anti-NMDAR encephalitis in children.

Background: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is the most common autoimmune encephalitis, mainly impacting young females and children. The involvement of the Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and related cytokines in pediatric individuals with this condition remains unclear.

Methods: We collected information from 27 children who had anti-NMDAR encephalitis and 12 individuals with non-inflammatory neurological disorders as controls.

Autoimmune encephalitis antibody profiles and clinical characteristics of children with suspected autoimmune encephalitis.

Aim: To identify the spectrum of autoimmune encephalitis antibody biomarkers (AE-Abs) in children with suspected autoimmune encephalitis and explore the clinical features indicating AE-Abs presence.

Method: We included children with suspected autoimmune encephalitis who underwent AE-Abs tests at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between June 2020 and June 2022. Clinical features suggestive of AE-Abs were analysed based on AE-Abs test results.

Pediatric myasthenia gravis with a combination of AChR and RyR is associated with an earlier onset and lower CSR rate: A cohort study in southwest China.

Background: The clinical manifestations and prognosis of myasthenia gravis are related to antibodies, and children are affected differently than adults. The presence of ryanodine receptor and titin antibodies in adults indicates late onset and severe disease related to thymoma, but their role in children is rarely reported.

Methods: This study collected a cohort of children according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, consisting of antibody-negative, AChR-positive, and AChR with or without titin and RyR antibodies.

Clinical characteristics of autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy in children: A case series of 16 patients.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical characteristics of autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy in children.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2020 to September 2021 and retrospectively analysed the clinical features, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, laboratory findings, treatment and outcome of children with autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy.

Results: Sixteen patients were included: 6 and 10 tested positive for GFAP-IgG in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and both CSF and serum, respectively.

Vaccination against COVID-19 and potential protective effects on seizure recurrence in children with epilepsy: A cross-sectional survey.

Objective: Despite strong evidence on the safety and tolerability of the COVID-19 vaccine, data on vaccination in children with epilepsy, particular younger children with specific epilepsy syndromes, are limited. The protective effects of vaccination against seizure increase upon COVID-19 infection also remain to be elucidated.

Methods: Questionnaire surveys were distributed online via an established WeChat group for patient management as well as in our outpatient clinic.

Clinical, radiological, therapeutic and prognostic differences between MOG-seropositive and MOG-seronegative pediatric acute disseminated encephalomyelitis patients: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the clinical, radiological, therapeutic, and prognostic differences between pediatric patients showing acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) with and without myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies.

Methods: We retrospectively collected all available data of children diagnosed with ADEM and tested for serum MOG antibodies at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2017 to May 2021.

Results: A total of 62 patients were included in our cohort, of which 35 were MOG-seropositive and 27 were MOG-seronegative.

Clinical characteristics of myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-positive pediatric autoimmune encephalitis without demyelination: A case series.

Purpose: To facilitate the identification of myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated diseases in pediatric autoimmune encephalitis without demyelination, we explored the clinical characteristics of patients having MOG antibody-positive pediatric autoimmune encephalitis without demyelination in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China.

Methods: We reviewed patients' medical records from January 2019 to June 2022 and retrospectively analyzed clinical manifestations, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, laboratory findings, treatments and outcomes of children with autoimmune encephalitis who tested positive for MOG antibodies in serum but for whom demyelination was not detected on MRI.

Results: Eighteen patients (6 boys, 12 girls; median age: 103.

ATP1A3-related phenotypes in Chinese children: AHC, CAPOS, and RECA.

Unlabelled: The aim of this research is to study the phenotype, genotype, treatment strategies, and short-term prognosis of Chinese children with ATP1A3 (Na/K-ATPase alpha 3 gene)-related disorders in Southwest China. Patients with pathogenic ATP1A3 variants identified using next-generation sequencing were registered at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from December 2015 to May 2019. We followed them as a cohort and analyzed their clinical data.

Screening of metabolic markers present in by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS and preliminary pharmacophylogenetic investigation.

Plants belonging to the genus, family Leguminosae, are found throughout the world, with about 80 species mainly distributed in northwest and northeast China. The plants have medicinal properties and many plants have been used as folk medicine for the treatment of colds, inflammation of carbuncle swelling, pain, and different types of bleeding. In recent years, due to the reduced availability of wild resources and increased clinical demand, additional species have been used in Mongolian medicine.

Quantification and purification of procyanidin B1 from food byproducts.

The flavan-3-ols of 10 primarily plant food byproducts, including Muscat Hamburg grape seed, hawthorn sarcocarp, litchi pericarp, cocoa bean, peanut skin, lotus seedpod, Xinyang Maojian green tea, Cinnamomi cortex, Sargentodoxa cuneata stem, and Cyperus esculentus, leaves were analyzed. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was used for the analysis. Cyperus esculentus leaves contained a high amount of procyanidin B1 (198.

Effects and mechanisms of 6-hydroxykaempferol 3,6---glucoside-7--glucuronide from Safflower on endothelial injury and on thrombosis .

The florets of L. (Safflower) is an important traditional medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. However, its bioactive compounds and mechanism of action need further clarification.

Chemical Constituents of Cyperus esculentus Leaves and the Protective Effect against Agricultural Fungicide-Induced Hepatotoxicity.

Cyperus esculentus is cultivated as a crop plant due to its edible and oily tubers (tiger nut). However, little is known about the phytochemicals and bioeffects of the leaves. This study was conducted to identify and quantify the chemical constituents of C.

Early-onset spontaneously relieved spasms of infancy in sleep: Electroclinical characteristics and differential diagnoses.

Purpose: Infantile spasm-like paroxysms are often difficult to classify as epileptic or non-epileptic. We aimed to study spontaneously relieved (non-epileptic) spasms of infancy in sleep. Elucidation of the electroclinical characteristics and differential diagnoses of such spasms could facilitate accurate diagnosis in the future.

Risk factors and a predictive model for the development of epilepsy after Japanese encephalitis.

Background: We aimed to study seizure characteristics during the acute phase of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in children, determine the risk factors of postencephalitic epilepsy (PEE), establish a risk prediction model for the disease, and construct a nomogram to visualize the model.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and follow-up results of 328 children with JE who were hospitalized between January 2011 and December 2020. Risk factors were screened using univariable analysis, a predictive model was built using binary logistic analysis, lasso regression was used for variable screening, and a nomogram was developed.

Fulminant anti-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor GluR1 antibodies encephalitis in a Chinese boy: a case report.

Background: Anti-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) encephalitis is a rare autoimmune synaptic encephalitis associated with autoantibodies that cause a selective decrease in surface expression and changes in receptor localization. Anti-AMPAR encephalitis is poorly recognized, especially in children, and its clinical phenotype is incompletely described.

Case Presentation: We report a case of anti-AMPAR GluR1 antibody-mediated autoimmune encephalitis in a 12-year-old male.

Phenotypic Spectrum of CASPR2 and LGI1 Antibodies Associated Neurological Disorders in Children.

Objectives: The clinical data of patients with double-positive for leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 (LGI1) and contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CASPR2) antibodies is limited, particularly for children. This study aimed to investigate and summarize the clinical features and long-term prognosis of children's LGI1 and CASPR2 antibodies related to neurological disorders.

Methods: We collected the clinical data and prognosis of patients with dual positive antibodies of CASPR2 and LGI1, hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.

Clinical Characteristics of Children With Anti-N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis After Japanese Encephalitis.

Background: Viral encephalitis is an important trigger for anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of anti-NMDAR encephalitis after Japanese encephalitis (JE) in children.

Methods: Clinical data of 185 children with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were retrospectively reviewed.

Children suspected of having intracranial infection with normal brain magnetic resonance imaging may be associated with the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody.

Purpose: To confirm whether encephalitis due to unknown causes but with normal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be associated with the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed and summarized the characteristics of three patients initially suspected of having intracranial infections with normal brain MRI, and ultimately tested positive for anti-MOG antibody.

Results: The three patients mainly presented with long-term fever accompanied by headaches and drowsiness.

Prognostic factors for the recurrence of afebrile seizures after benign convulsions associated with mild gastroenteritis.

Objective: The overall prognosis of benign convulsions associated with mild gastroenteritis (CwG) is favorable, and the incidence of afebrile seizure recurrence with or without gastroenteritis (ASwGI and ASwoGI, respectively) is low. In this study we investigated the prognostic factors associated with afebrile seizure (AS) relapse after the first CwG episode.

Methods: A hospital-based cohort with an initial CwG episode from January 2012 to October 2019 was followed for at least 19 months.