Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound improves myocardial ischaemia‒reperfusion injury via migrasome-mediated mitocytosis.

During myocardial ischaemia‒reperfusion injury (MIRI), the accumulation of damaged mitochondria could pose serious threats to the heart. The migrasomes, newly discovered mitocytosis-mediating organelles, selectively remove damaged mitochondria to provide mitochondrial quality control. Here, we utilised low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on MIRI mice model and demonstrated that LIPUS reduced the infarcted area and improved cardiac dysfunction.

Pancoronary plaque characteristics in STEMI patients with rapid plaque progression: An optical coherence tomography study.

Background: Non-culprit plaque progression is associated with recurrent cardiac ischemic events and worse clinical outcomes. Given that atherosclerosis is a systemic disease, the pancoronary characteristics of patients with rapid plaque progression are unknown. This study aims to identify pancoronary plaque features in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with and without rapid plaque progression, focused on the patient level.

Pseudo-targeted metabolic profile differences between emergency patients with type 1 and type 2 myocardial infarction diagnosed by optical coherence tomography.

Background: It is difficult to distinguish type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) from type 1 myocardial infarction (T1MI), although their management varies.

Objectives: Using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and pseudo-targeted metabolomics to identify biomarkers, investigate metabolic differences, and establish a T2MI subclassification.

Methods: Among 1519 patients with MI, 97 T2MI patients are identified who are 1:1 matched with 97 T1MI patients after considering age, gender, ST-segment elevation, time from onset to coronary angiography, and hs-cTnI on admission by propensity score matching.

Optical Coherence Tomography Assessment of Coronary Lesions Associated With Microvascular Dysfunction in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Background: Microvascular reperfusion following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with the prognosis of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We investigated how plaque characteristics detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in STEMI patients affect the status of the microcirculation during PCI.

Methods and results: This retrospective, single-center study was a post hoc analysis basedon the multicenter SALVAGE randomized control trial (NCT03581513) that enrolled 629 STEMI patients, and finally we enrolled 235 patients who underwent PCI and pre-intervention OCT.

Morphological Characteristics of Culprit Plaques in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients With Different Scores of Type A Personality - An Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography Study.

Background: Previous studies have suggested a relationship between type A personality and the occurrence of coronary artery disease, so we used intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) to investigate the morphological characteristics of culprit plaques in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with different scores of type A personality.

Methods and results: A total of 221 AMI patients who underwent preintervention imaging of culprit lesions and an assessment of type A behavior pattern were included. According to the scores for the behavior questionnaire, these patients were divided into 3 groups: non-type A personality (n=91), intermediate personality (n=73), and type A personality (n=57).

Pancoronary plaque characteristics and clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndrome patients with cancer history.

Background And Aims: The prevalence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with cancer history is increasing and it is associated with higher mortality. However, there is limited evidence on the characteristics of coronary plaque in ACS patients with cancer history. This study explored the pancoronary plaque characteristics in ACS patients with cancer history by optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Characteristics of coronary artery ectasia and accompanying plaques: an optical coherence tomography study.

Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) in adults is often caused by atherosclerotic plaques. CAE can affect atherosclerotic plaques through hemodynamic changes. However, no study has evaluated the characteristics of CAE with atherosclerotic plaques.

Identification of High-Risk Coronary Lesions by 3-Vessel Optical Coherence Tomography.

Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) may provide a method for detecting histologically defined high-risk plaques in vivo.

Objectives: The authors aimed to investigate the prognostic value of OCT for identifying patients and lesions that are at risk for adverse cardiac events.

Methods: Between January 2017 and May 2019, OCT of all the 3 main epicardial arteries was performed in 883 patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) who were referred for primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Diagnostic Performance of 60 MHz High-Definition Intravascular Ultrasound versus Fourier Domain Optical Coherence Tomography for Identifying Plaque Rupture, Plaque Erosion, and Thrombosis in a Rabbit Model.

Background: Most acute coronary syndromes occur due to coronary thrombosis caused by plaque rupture (PR) and plaque erosion (PE). Precise differentiation between PR and PE is challenging for intravascular imaging. This study is the first to determine the diagnostic performance of the novel 60 MHz high-definition intravascular ultrasound (HD-IVUS) for differentiating atherosclerotic plaque morphology influenced by local hemodynamic flow in rabbits.

Prevalence, Morphology, and Predictors of Intra-Stent Plaque Rupture in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study.

Previous studies have shown that plaque rupture (PR) is the most important cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, the potential impact of intra-stent PR on stent failure manifesting as ACS and the optical coherence tomography (OCT) features of these lesions was still less clear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of OCT-defined in-stent PR and identify the potential risk factors for PR in ACS patients.

Predictors of Adverse Prognosis in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Caused by Plaque Erosion With a Nonstent Strategy.

Background The EROSION (Effective Anti-Thrombotic Therapy Without Stenting: Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography-Based Management in Plaque Erosion) study demonstrated that antithrombotic therapy without stenting was safe and feasible in selected patients with acute coronary syndrome caused by plaque erosion. However, the factors related to the prognosis of these patients are not clear. This study aimed to explore the predictors of an adverse prognosis of a nonstent strategy in a larger sample size.

Automatic assessment of calcified plaque and nodule by optical coherence tomography adopting deep learning model.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become the best imaging tool to assess calcified plaque and nodule. However, every OCT pullback has numerous images, and artificial analysis requires too much time and energy. Thus, it is unsuitable for clinical application.

Clinical Outcomes of Different Calcified Culprit Plaques in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Background: Previous studies have found that coronary artery calcification is closely associated with the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and clinical outcomes of different calcified plaques in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) by using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: 258 ACS patients with calcified culprit plaques who underwent OCT-guided stent implantation were enrolled.

EROSION III: A Multicenter RCT of OCT-Guided Reperfusion in STEMI With Early Infarct Artery Patency.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to test whether optical coherence tomographic (OCT) guidance would provide additional useful information beyond that obtained by angiography and lead to a shift in reperfusion strategy and improved clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with early infarct artery patency.

Background: Angiography is limited in assessing the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of the culprit lesion.

Methods: EROSION III (Optical Coherence Tomography-Guided Reperfusion in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction With Early Infarct Artery Patency) is an open-label, prospective, multicenter, randomized, controlled study approved by the ethics committees of participating centers.

Optical Coherence Tomographic Features of Pancoronary Plaques in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Caused by Layered Plaque Rupture Versus Layered Plaque Erosion.

Atherosclerotic plaque instability could occur on the basis of healed plaque which has a layered appearance on optical coherence tomography. This study aimed to investigate pancoronary plaque features of layered plaque rupture (LPR) and layered plaque erosion (LPE) in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Among 388 patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent preintervention optical coherence tomography imaging of three coronary arteries, 190 patients with layered culprit plaque (49.

Culprit and Non-Culprit Plaque Characteristics With vs. Without a Healed Phenotype in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Caused by Plaque Erosion - A 3-Vessel OCT Study.

Background: Plaque erosion can occur quietly without causing clinical symptoms, followed by a healing process resulting in healed plaque. This study aimed to assess culprit and non-culprit plaque characteristics of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) caused by plaque erosion with vs. without healed phenotype at the culprit plaque using optical coherence tomography (OCT).

In vivo evidence of atherosclerotic plaque erosion and healing in patients with acute coronary syndrome using serial optical coherence tomography imaging.

Background: The EROSION study (Effective Anti-Thrombotic Therapy Without Stenting: Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography-Based Management in Plaque Erosion) allowed us to observe the healing process of coronary plaque erosion in vivo. The present study aimed to investigate the incidence of newly formed healed plaque and different baseline characteristics of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients caused by plaque erosion with or without newly formed healed plaque using optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: A total of 137 ACS patients with culprit plaque erosion who underwent pre-intervention OCT imaging and received no stent implantation were enrolled.

Increased Vulnerability and Distinct Layered Phenotype at Culprit and Nonculprit Lesions in STEMI Versus NSTEMI.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the pancoronary plaque vulnerability (including culprit and nonculprit lesions) and layered phenotype in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) vs non-STEMI (NSTEMI).

Background: Pancoronary vulnerability should account for distinct clinical manifestations of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Layered plaque is indicative of previous coronary destabilization and thrombosis.

Predictors of Coronary Plaque Erosion in Current and Non-Current Smokers With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction - An Optical Coherence Tomography Study.

Background: Smoking is an important risk factor of plaque erosion. This study aimed to investigate the predictors of plaque erosion in current and non-current smokers presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods and results: A total of 1,320 STEMI patients with culprit plaque rupture or plaque erosion detected by pre-intervention optical coherence tomography were divided into a current smoking group (n=715) and non-current smoking group (n=605).

Morphological Characteristics of Eroded Plaques with Noncritical Coronary Stenosis: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study.

Aims: Recent studies suggested plaque erosion with noncritical stenosis could be treated distinctly from that with critical stenosis, but their morphological features remained largely unknown. The present study aimed to investigate morphological features of eroded plaques with different lumen stenosis using optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: A total of 348 ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction patients with culprit OCT-defined plaque erosion (OCT-erosion) were analyzed.

Predictors of non-stenting strategy for acute coronary syndrome caused by plaque erosion: four-year outcomes of the EROSION study.

Background: The EROSION study demonstrated that patients with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) caused by plaque erosion could be treated with antithrombotic therapy without stenting. However, the long-term prognosis of this strategy is still unclear.

Aims: The aim of this study was to test whether a non-stenting antithrombotic strategy was still effective at four-year follow-up and to explore potential predictors of long-term prognosis.

Pancoronary Plaque Characteristics in STEMI Caused by Culprit Plaque Erosion Versus Rupture: 3-Vessel OCT Study.

Objectives: This study sought to investigate nonculprit plaque characteristics in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) presenting with plaque erosion (PE) and plaque rupture (PR). Pancoronary vulnerability was considered at nonculprit sites: 1) the CLIMA (Relationship Between OCT Coronary Plaque Morphology and Clinical Outcome) study (NCT02883088) defined high-risk plaques with simultaneous presence of 4 optical coherence tomography (OCT) features (minimum lumen area <3.5 mm; fibrous cap thickness [FCT] <75 μm; maximum lipid arc >180º; and macrophage accumulation); and 2) the presence of plaque ruptures or thin-cap fibroatheromas (TCFA).

Systemic and local factors associated with reduced thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients with plaque erosion detected by intravascular optical coherence tomography.

Local factors of plaque rupture (e.g. lipid burden) are related to preprocedural thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Frequency, Predictors, Distribution, and Morphological Characteristics of Layered Culprit and Nonculprit Plaques of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: In Vivo 3-Vessel Optical Coherence Tomography Study.

Background: Subclinical atherothrombosis and plaque healing may lead to rapid plaque progression. The histopathologic healed plaque has a layered appearance when imaged using optical coherence tomography. We assessed the frequency, predictors, distribution, and morphological characteristics of optical coherence tomography layered culprit and nonculprit plaques in patients with acute myocardial infarction.