tRFs and tRNA Halves: Novel Cellular Defenders in Multiple Biological Processes.

tRNA fragments derived from angiogenin or Dicer cleavage are referred to as tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) and tRNA halves. tRFs and tRNA halves have been identified in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes and are precisely cleaved at specific sites on either precursor or mature tRNA transcripts rather than via random degradation. tRFs and tRNA halves are highly involved in regulating transcription and translation in a canonical or non-canonical manner in response to cellular stress.

Prolonging photoperiod promotes testosterone synthesis of Leydig cells by directly targeting local melatonin system in rooster testes†.

The study investigated the effects of prolonging photoperiod on the synthesis of testosterone and melatonin in roosters, and the effect of melatonin on testosterone synthesis in rooster Leydig cells as well as its molecular mechanisms. We randomly divided one hundred and twenty 20-week-old roosters into three groups and provided 6, 12.5 and 16 h light, respectively.

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 regulates muscle fiber development in cooperation with related genes to affect meat quality.

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is an important signal protein that is widely involved in physiological processes, such as lipid metabolism, cell movement, and disease processes. However, the relationship between LRP1 and meat quality remains unknown in chickens. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between LRP1 and meat quality that builds on our preliminary research, as well as to reveal the underlying molecular mechanism of LRP1 on meat-quality traits.