Extracellular polymers substances towards the toxicity effect of Microcystis flos-aquae under subjected to nanoplastic stress.

The widespread presence of nanoplastics in aquatic ecosystems and their harmful effects on algae have garnered significant attention. However, little is known about the mechanisms of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) derived from algae in response to nanoplastic stress. This study investigated the impact of EPS on the toxicity of polyvinyl chloride (PVC, 537 nm) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, 485 nm) nanoplastics on Microcystis flos-aquae (MFa)under nanoplastic stress.