Construction of cynomolgus monkey type 2 diabetes models by combining genetic prediction model with high-energy diet.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a significant health concern. Research using non-human primates, which develop T2D with similar symptoms and pancreatic changes as humans, is crucial but limited by long timelines and low success rates.

Results: We targeted capture sequenced 61 normal and 81 T2D cynomolgus monkeys using a primer panel that captured 269 potential regulatory regions potentially associated with T2D in the cynomolgus monkey genome.

From Proteomics to Diagnosis: Biomarker Discovery in Tuberculosis Research.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death from a single infectious disease worldwide. Early and accurate diagnosis is advantageous for timely detection and prompt treatment, thereby reducing the risk of disease transmission, which is essential for effective TB control. Biomarkers provide a valuable resource for TB diagnosis.

Fractalkine/CX3CR1 axis is critical for neuroprotection induced by hypoxic postconditioning against cerebral ischemic injury.

Microglial activation-mediated neuroinflammation is a major contributor to neuronal damage after cerebral ischemia. The Fractalkine (FKN)/CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) axis plays a critical role in regulating microglial activation and neuroinflammation. The aim of this study is to ascertain the role and mechanism of FKN/CX3CR1 axis in hypoxic postconditioning (HPC)-induced anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects on transient global cerebral ischemia (tGCI).

Constructing hollow core-shell Z-scheme heterojunction CdS@CoTiO nanorods for enhancing the photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-DCP and TC.

Constructing Z-scheme heterojunctions incorporating an exquisite hollow structure is an effective performance regulation strategy for the realization of high quantum efficiency and a strong redox ability over photocatalysts. Herein, we report the delicate design and preparation of a core-shell hollow CdS@CoTiO Z-scheme heterojunction with a CdS nanoparticle (NP)-constructed outer shell supported on a CoTiO nanorod (NR) inner shell. The growth synthetic method led to a tightly connected interface for the heterojunction between CdS and CoTiO, which shortened the transport distance of photoinduced charges from the interface to the surface.

Neutron penumbral image reconstruction with a convolution neural network using fast Fourier transform.

In Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF), the asymmetry of a hot spot is an important influence factor in implosion performance. Neutron penumbral imaging, which serves as an encoded-aperture imaging technique, is one of the most important diagnostic methods for detecting the shape of a hot spot. The detector image is a uniformly bright range surrounded by a penumbral area, which presents the strength distribution of hot spots.

Role of symbiotic microbiota dysbiosis in the progression of chronic kidney disease accompanied with vascular calcification.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is now globally recognized as a critical public health concern. Vascular calcification (VC) represents a significant risk factor for cardiovascular events in individuals with CKD. It is the accessible and precise diagnostic biomarkers for monitoring the progression of CKD and the concurrent VC are urgently needed.

Metabolic syndrome prediction model using Bayesian optimization and XGBoost based on traditional Chinese medicine features.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has a high prevalence and is prone to many complications. However, current MetS diagnostic methods require blood tests that are not conducive to self-testing, so a user-friendly and accurate method for predicting MetS is needed to facilitate early detection and treatment. In this study, a MetS prediction model based on a simple, small number of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) clinical indicators and biological indicators combined with machine learning algorithms is investigated.

ING1 inhibits Twist1 expression to block EMT and is antagonized by the HDAC inhibitor vorinostat.

ING1 is a chromatin targeting subunit of the Sin3a histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex that alters chromatin structure to subsequently regulate gene expression. We find that ING1 knockdown increases expression of Twist1, Zeb 1&2, Snai1, Bmi1 and TSHZ1 drivers of EMT, promoting EMT and cell motility. ING1 expression had the opposite effect, promoting epithelial cell morphology and inhibiting basal and TGF-β-induced motility in 3D organoid cultures.

LDLR promotes autophagy-mediated cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer associated with the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Autophagy is one of the underlying causes of resistance to many antitumor drugs, including cisplatin (DDP). The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) is a regulator of ovarian cancer (OC) progression. However, whether LDLR regulates DDP resistance in OC via autophagy-related pathways remains unclear.

Identification of potential biomarkers for diagnosis of syphilis from the cerebrospinal fluid based on untargeted metabolomic analysis.

The infection rate of syphilis continues to rise globally, and the difficulty in diagnosis of neurosyphilis promptly needs to be resolved. More specific and sensitive diagnostic markers for latent syphilis and neurosyphilis should be found. Here the metabolic profiles of 88 cerebrospinal fluid samples from syphilis patients and controls were analyzed by LC/MS-based untargeted metabolomics.

Evaluation of novel obesity- and lipid-related indices as predictors of abnormal glucose tolerance in Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the performance of Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI), visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), triglyceride glucose (TyG) as indices in screening abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) in Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as a reference test. In addition, we essentially compared the abilities of these indices with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG).

Materials And Methods: All 1113 PCOS patients evaluated in this study underwent OGTTs.

A Peptidomic Approach to Identify Novel Antigen Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis.

Background: Here, we conducted a peptidomic study in murine model to identify novel antigen biomarkers for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) with improved performance.

Methods: Four recombinant proteins, including protein 32 (MPT32), protein 64 (MPT64), culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP10), and phosphate ABC transporter substrate-binding lipoprotein (PstS1) were expressed and intravenously injected into BALB/c mice. The serum were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Research on Bending Performance of Three-Dimensional Deep Angle Interlock Kevlar/EP Armor Material.

Three-dimensional (3D) woven composites have attracted much attention in the lightweight research of protective armor due to their high specific strength and good impact resistance. However, there are still many gaps in terms of the performance and influencing factors of three-dimensional deep-angle-interlock (3DDAI) Kevlar/EP armor materials. Therefore, in order to prepare 3DDAI Kevlar/EP armor materials with excellent ballistic resistance and mechanical properties, this paper studies the bending performance of 3DDAI Kevlar/EP armor materials and the influence of the number of stacking layers, resin content, laying method, and weft density.

Accuracy of ultrasound elastography for predicting breast cancer response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Several studies have reported the prognostic value of ultrasound elastography (UE) in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for breast cancer. However, the assessment of parameters differed between shear-wave elastography and strain elastography in terms of measured elasticity parameter and mode of imaging. It is important, therefore, to assess the accuracy of the two modes of elastography.

Preparation of hemodialysis centers in fighting against the novel coronavirus disease during the 2019-2020 epidemic: the experience in Sichuan province, China.

Background: Dialysis patients are at high risk of being infected by the novel coronavirus. This article aimed to share our experience in preparing hemodialysis centers in fighting against the COVID-19 in Sichuan province.

Methods: To control COVID-19, the Sichuan Renal Disease Quality Control Center (SRDQCC) organized a multidisciplinary team to draft and distribute documents for dialysis centers.

Characterization of O-mannosylated proteins profiling in bacillus Calmette-Guérin via gel-based and gel-free approaches.

Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) could influence many aspects of protein behavior and function in organisms. Protein glycosylation is one of the major PTMs observed in bacteria, which is crucial for functional regulations of many prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has been recognized as an indispensable tool in the global fight against tuberculosis (TB) worldwide over several decades.

One-step in situ formation of 3D hollow sphere-like VO incorporated NiVO hybrids with enhanced photocatalytic performance.

3-D hollow sphere-like NiVO immobilizing VO nanoparticles were successfully synthesized via in situ recrystallization method without any template. The compact contact between VO and NiVO ensuring the photo-inducted carriers fast transport, which would be beneficial for inhibiting recombination rate of electron-hole (e/h) pairs. Moreover, the hollow sphere-like structure composed of the smaller nanoparticle could effectively improve of visible light capture capacity (multiple scattering for hollow architectures).

Evaluation of Novel Obesity and Lipid-Related Indices as Indicators for the Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome and Premetabolic Syndrome in Chinese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Objectives: According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria, previous studies in Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) reported a low prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS); however, the same population predisposed to developing pre-MS. Early identification and treatment of individuals with MS and pre-MS are imperative to prevent their adverse consequences. Moreover, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was not accurate in detecting pathoglycemia in women with PCOS as they have shown characteristically postprandial abnormalities in the carbohydrate metabolism.

Polypeptide LTX-315 reverses the cisplatin chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cells via regulating Beclin-1/PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway.

Objective: Polypeptide LTX-315 induces immunogenic cell death, thus having the potential to improve the effect of anticancer treatment. However, the function of LTX-315 in reversing chemoresistance in ovarian cancer (OC) still remains elusive. Our study aims to decipher the effect of LTX-315 on reversing the chemoresistance of OC cells and explore its mechanism.

Urinary proteomic analysis to identify a potential protein biomarker panel for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is one of the primary causes of death worldwide. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of TB is one of the most direct means to reduce the incidence of TB. In this study, urinary proteomic profiling of TB patients and non-TB individual controls (HCs) was performed, and differentially expressed urinary proteins between TB and HCs were compared and exclusively expressed proteins in TB patients were selected to establish a clinically useful disease marker panel.

Urinary metabolomic analysis to identify potential markers for the diagnosis of tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease with high infection and mortality rates. 5%-10% of the latent tuberculosis infections (LTBI) are likely to develop into active TB, and there are currently no clinical biomarkers that can distinguish between LTBI, active TB and other non-tuberculosis populations. Therefore, it is necessary to develop rapid diagnostic methods for active TB and LTBI.

Frequency-Domain Fusing Convolutional Neural Network: A Unified Architecture Improving Effect of Domain Adaptation for Fault Diagnosis.

In recent years, transfer learning has been widely applied in fault diagnosis for solving the problem of inconsistent distribution of the original training dataset and the online-collecting testing dataset. In particular, the domain adaptation method can solve the problem of the unlabeled testing dataset in transfer learning. Moreover, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is the most widely used network among existing domain adaptation approaches due to its powerful feature extraction capability.

Knockdown of BAG3 synergizes with olaparib to kill ovarian cancer cells via repressing autophagy.

This study aimed at expounding the synergistic effect of Bcl-2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) knockdown and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor on ovarian cancer (OC) cells and the potential mechanism. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting BAG3 (sh-BAG3) was transfected into SK-OV-3 (SKOV-3 ;SKOV3) and A2780 cells, and western blot assay was used to detect transfection efficiency. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by the cell counting kit-8 method, 5-Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) experiment and flow cytometry analysis, respectively.

Attenuation of secondary damage and Aβ deposits in the ipsilateral thalamus of dMCAO rats through reduction of cathepsin B by bis(propyl)-cognitin, a multifunctional dimer.

Delayed secondary degeneration in the non-ischemic sites such as ipsilateral thalamus would occur after cortical infarction. Hence, alleviating secondary damage is considered to be a promising novel target for acute stroke therapy. In the current study, the neuroprotective effects of bis(propyl)-cognitin (B3C), a multifunctional dimer, against secondary damage in the VPN of ipsilateral thalamus were investigated in a distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO) stroke model in adult rats.