Deciphering the photophysical kinetics, electronic configurations and structural conformations of iridium-cobalt hydrogen evolution photocatalysts.

Picosecond optical and X-ray absorption spectroscopies with time-dependent density functional theory revealed the reaction pathways, electronic and structural conformations of Ir-Co hydrogen evolution photocatalysts. The dyad bearing 2-phenylpyridine ancillary ligands produced more photoreduced Co(II) than its 2-phenylisoquinoline analogue. These findings are important for designs of earth-abundant photosensitizers for photocatalytic applications.

Severe Pneumonia Caused by Coinfection With Influenza Virus Followed by Methicillin-Resistant Induces Higher Mortality in Mice.

Coinfection with influenza virus and bacteria is a major cause of high mortality during flu pandemics. Understanding the mechanisms behind such coinfections is of utmost importance both for the clinical treatment of influenza and the prevention and control of epidemics. To investigate the cause of high mortality during flu pandemics, we performed coinfection experiments with H1N1 influenza virus and in which mice were infected with bacteria at time points ranging from 0 to 7 days after infection with influenza virus.

Outcomes of 219 chronic myeloid leukaemia patients with additional chromosomal abnormalities and/or tyrosine kinase domain mutations.

Introduction: To confirm the role of additional chromosomal abnormalities (ACAs) and kinase domain (KD) mutations in the progression and outcomes of Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients and the connection between them, we analysed the ACAs and KD mutations of 219 CML patients admitted to our hospital.

Methods: Cytogenetic analysis of metaphases was performed to detect ACAs, and the BCR-ABL1 KD was sequenced to detect KD mutations.

Results: Twenty-four patients (11.

Inhibition of HBV Expression in HBV Transgenic Mice Using AAV-Delivered CRISPR-SaCas9.

The chronic production of hepatitis B viral (HBV) antigens could cause inflammation and necrosis, leading to elevation of liver enzymes from necrotic hepatocytes, hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver failure. However, no current treatment is capable of significantly reducing HBsAg expression in patients. Our previous studies had confirmed the ability of CRISPR-Cas9 in disrupting HBV cccDNA.

Mechanisms of Severe Mortality-Associated Bacterial Co-infections Following Influenza Virus Infection.

Influenza virus infection remains one of the largest disease burdens on humans. Influenza-associated bacterial co-infections contribute to severe disease and mortality during pandemic and seasonal influenza episodes. The mechanisms of severe morbidity following influenza-bacteria co-infections mainly include failure of an antibacterial immune response and pathogen synergy.