N6-methyladenosine-modified long non-coding RNA promotes stemness and sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma by upregulating SHOX2 expression.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and aggressive tumor. Sorafenib is the first-line treatment for patients with advanced HCC, but resistance to sorafenib has become a significant challenge in this therapy. Cancer stem cells play a crucial role in sorafenib resistance in HCC.

The lncRNA KIF9-AS1 Accelerates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth by Recruiting DNMT1 to Promote RAI2 DNA Methylation.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a very common malignant tumor. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) enable discoveries of new therapeutic tumor targets. We aimed to study the role and potential regulatory mechanisms of the lncRNA KIF9-AS1 in HCC.

Novel endoscopic papillectomy for reducing postoperative adverse events (with videos).

Background: Pancreatic adenoma can potentially transform into adenocarcinoma, so it is recommended to be resected surgically or endoscopically. Endoscopic papillectomy is one of the main treatments for papillary adenoma, and bleeding, perforation, and pancreatitis are the most frequent and critical adverse events that restrict its wider use. There is no standard procedure for endoscopic papillectomy yet.

The role of seed implantation in patients with unresectable pancreatic carcinoma after relief of obstructive jaundice using ERCP.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the role of iodine-125 seed implantation, guided by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and/or percutanous ultrasound, in patients with unresectable pancreatic carcinoma after relief of obstructive jaundice using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

Methods And Materials: A total of 101 patients with obstructive jaundice due to unresectable pancreatic carcinoma were enrolled between January 2010 and December 2017 in this retrospective study. Of these patients, 50 underwent implantation of iodine-125 seeds under EUS and/or percutaneous ultrasound guidance after receiving a stent via ERCP (treatment group), and 51 received a stent via ERCP without undergoing seed implantation (control group).

Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection: An effective and safe therapy for upper gastrointestinal submucosal tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) and compare its outcomes in esophageal and cardial submucosal tumors (SMTs) of the muscularis propria (MP) layer.

Methods: From May 2012 to November 2017, 173 consecutive patients with upper gastrointestinal (GI) SMTs of the MP layer underwent STER. Overall, 165 patients were included, and 8 were excluded.

New experience of endoscopic papillectomy for ampullary neoplasms.

Aim: To establish the clinical value of endoscopic papillectomy for duodenal papillary tumor based on endoscopic and clinical characteristics.

Patients And Methods: This single-center, retrospective study included 110 patients with duodenal papillary tumor who underwent endoscopic papillectomy between January 2006 and April 2017 at the gastrointestinal endoscopic center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital. Clinical data, postoperative pathology, procedure-related complications, and therapeutic outcomes were analyzed.

Treatment of cardial submucosal tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer: submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection versus endoscopic submucosal excavation.

Background And Aims: Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) is increasingly used for the treatment of submucosal tumors (SMTs) originating from the muscularis propria layer; however, endoscopic submucosal excavation (ESE) is still performed in many hospitals for its low-skill and experience requirements. This study aimed to compare STER with ESE for cardial SMTs.

Methods: From March 2013 to February 2017, patients with cardial SMTs undergoing STER (n = 47) and ESE (n = 40) were retrospectively assessed.

Endoscopic Submucosal Tunnel Dissection for Large Gastric Neoplastic Lesions: A Case-Matched Controlled Study.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ESTD) for resection of large superficial gastric lesions (SGLs).

Methods: The clinicopathological records of patients performed with ESTD or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for SGLs between January 2012 and January 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. 7 cases undergoing ESTD were enrolled to form the ESTD group.

Factors affecting the effectiveness and safety of submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection for esophageal submucosal tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer.

Background And Aims: Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) has been proved to be effective and safe for esophageal submucosal tumors (SMTs) originating from the muscularis propria (MP) layer. This study was aimed to further evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and influencing factors especially the types of mucosal incision of STER in a larger population.

Methods: A total of 89 patients undergoing STER with esophageal SMTs were retrospectively enrolled in this study from May 2012 to November 2016.

Confocal laser endoscopy in the diagnosis for abdominal lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer.

Confocal laser endoscopy (CLE) diagnostic criteria for lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer was established and evaluated to provide a basis for CLE clinical application in the diagnosis of abdominal lymph node metastasis. CLE scanning (surface scanning and sectional scanning) and pathology examination were conducted in gastric cancer tissues and lymph nodes of 5 cases. Characteristics of lymphatic metastasis in CLE imaging were observed and summarized in combination with pathology.

Non-radiation endoscopic removal of common bile duct stone assisted with abdominal ultrasonography in a pregnant patient.

A common bile duct stone was detected in a pregnant patient who was in her second trimester. Avoiding the use of fluoroscopy, abdominal ultrasonography-assisted endoscopic removal of the stone was successful.

Endoscopic mucosal resection with circumferential incision for treatment of rectal carcinoid tumours.

Background: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is simple and quick and has low complication rates. However, the disadvantage of local recurrence or remnant rate limits the use of this technique. We aimed to analyse the outcomes of conventional EMR and EMR with circumferential incision (CIEMR), a simplified modification of EMR, in the endoscopic treatment of rectal carcinoid tumours.

[Comparison of endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection with endoscopic submucosal dissection for large esophageal superficial neoplasms].

Objective: To compare the safety and efficiency of endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ESTD) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for large esophageal superficial neoplasms.

Methods: A total of 235 consecutive patients undergoing endoscopic resection for esophageal neoplasms between October, 2010 and June, 2013 in our endoscopy center were analyzed retrospectively. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 29 patients receiving ESTD or ESD for large esophageal superficial neoplasms were enrolled for data analysis.

Effectiveness and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection for intraepithelial neoplasia of the esophagogastric junction.

Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection of the esophagogastric junction is the most difficult gastric and esophageal dissection procedure. No reports of endoscopic submucosal dissection for Siewert type II carcinoma of the esophagogastric junction have compared the outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for all three Siewert types of adenocarcinoma. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection for intraepithelial neoplasia of the esophagogastric junction.

Relevant risk factors and prognostic impact of positive resection margins after endoscopic submucosal dissection of superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasia.

Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for the treatment of esophageal mucosal lesions has a risk of resection margin residues. The related risk factors and prognosis of post-ESD resection margin residues have not been fully evaluated. The aim of this study was to investigate the associated risk factors and the prognostic impact of resection margin residues after ESD of superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasia.

Preventing stricture formation by covered esophageal stent placement after endoscopic submucosal dissection for early esophageal cancer.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fully covered esophageal stent placement for preventing esophageal strictures after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).

Methods: Twenty-two patients with a mucosal defects that exceeded 75 % of the circumference of the esophagus after ESD treatment for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinomas were grouped according to the type of mucosal defect and randomized to undergo fully covered esophageal stent placement post-ESD (group A, n = 11) or no stent placement (group B, n = 11). In group A, the esophageal stents were removed 8 weeks post-ESD.

[Comparison of peroral endoscopic myotomy with transverse entry incision versus longitudinal entry incision for achalasia].

Objective: To compare the safety and efficiency of transverse-incision peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) with longitudinal-incision POEM.

Methods: POEM, with a transverse or longitudinal entry incision, was performed in 53 consecutive patients with confirmed achalasia (AC) between December 2010 and September 2012. Data of those patients was collected including the time spent for different procedures and complications.

Verification of the Tokyo guidelines for acute cholangitis secondary to benign and malignant biliary obstruction: experience from a Chinese tertiary hospital.

Background: The lack of widely-accepted guidelines for acute cholangitis largely lags behind the progress in medical and surgical technology and science for the management of acute cholangitis. This study aimed to verify the Tokyo guidelines for the management of acute cholangitis and cholecystitis of 2007 edition (TG07) in patients with obstructive cholangitis due to benign and malignant diseases.

Methods: The patients were retrieved from our existing ERCP database.

Comparison of two editions of Tokyo guidelines for the management of acute cholangitis.

Background: The Tokyo guidelines from 2007 (TG07) and 2013 (TG13) were compared for the management of acute cholangitis (AC).

Methods: We reviewed patients with clinically-proven AC by detecting purulent biles during biliary drainage. TG07 and TG13 were compared regarding diagnosis, severity grading and prognostic values.

Comparison of gastrotomy closure modalities for natural orifice transluminal surgery: a canine study.

Background: Reliable closure of the gastrotomy after transgastric natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) remains unresolved.

Objective: To compare the technical aspects and clinical and histologic outcomes of NOTES gastrotomy closure techniques.

Design: Experimental study.

Predictive factors of endoscopic submucosal dissection procedure time for gastric superficial neoplasia.

Aim: To identify the determinants of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) operation time.

Methods: This investigation was conducted as a single-center, prospective study in which ESD was performed by the same endoscopist at the Chinese PLA General Hospital. A total of 173 patients underwent ESD operations performed by Dr.

Diagnosis of gastric intraepithelial neoplasia by narrow-band imaging and confocal laser endomicroscopy.

Aim: To evaluate the diagnosis of different differentiated gastric intraepithelial neoplasia (IN) by magnification endoscopy combined with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI) and confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE).

Methods: Eligible patients with suspected gastric IN lesions previously diagnosed by endoscopy in secondary hospitals and scheduled for further diagnosis and treatment were recruited for this study. Excluded from the study were patients who had liver cirrhosis, impaired renal function, acute gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, coagulopathy, esophageal varices, jaundice, and GI post-surgery.

[The value of esophageal intrapapillary capillary loop visualized by magnifying narrow-band imaging endoscopy in diagnosing esophageal mucosal pathology].

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic potential of magnifying narrow-band imaging endoscopy (NBI-ME) for different intrapapillary capillary loop (IPCL) for the diagnosis of esophageal lesion.

Methods: Patients with abnormal esophageal mucosa found by white light gastroscopy in digestive endoscopy center, Chinese PLA General Hospital during the period of November 2009 to November 2010 were enrolled in this study. IPCL was observed and divided into different types by NBI-ME.

Magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging may improve diagnostic accuracy of differentiated gastric intraepithelial neoplasia: a feasibility study.

Background: Magnifying narrow-band imaging has enabled observation of the mucosal and vascular patterns of gastrointestinal lesions. This study investigated the potential value of magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging for the classification of gastric intraepithelial neoplasia.

Methods: Seventy-six patients with gastric intraepithelial neoplasia (82 lesions) at People's Liberation Army General Hospital from December 2009 to November 2010 were analyzed.