Roles of Germin-like Protein Family in Response to Seed Germination and Shoot Branching in .

Germin-like proteins (GLPs) play important roles in the regulation of various plant development processes, such as seed vigor, root and leaf development and disease resistance, while the roles of on agronomic traits are rarely studied in . Here, we identified family genes in rapeseed and analyzed their potential functions. There are 77 family genes () in the Zhongshuang11 rapeseed reference genome, divided into a, b, c, d, e, f six subfamilies.

New Insights into the TIFY Gene Family of and Its Involvement in the Regulation of Shoot Branching.

As plant-specific transcription factors, the TIFY family genes are involved in the responses to a series of biotic and abiotic stresses and the regulation of the development of multiple organs. To explore the potential roles of the TIFY gene family in shoot branching, which can shape plant architecture and finally determine seed yield, we conducted comprehensive genome-wide analyses of the TIFY gene family in . Here, HMMER search and BLASTp were used to identify the TIFY members.

Automatic rape flower cluster counting method based on low-cost labelling and UAV-RGB images.

Background: The flowering period is a critical time for the growth of rape plants. Counting rape flower clusters can help farmers to predict the yield information of the corresponding rape fields. However, counting in-field is a time-consuming and labor-intensive task.

Automatic counting of rapeseed inflorescences using deep learning method and UAV RGB imagery.

Flowering is a crucial developing stage for rapeseed ( L.) plants. Flowers develop on the main and branch inflorescences of rapeseed plants and then grow into siliques.

Comparison of the cytoplastic genomes by resequencing: insights into the genetic diversity and the phylogeny of the agriculturally important genus Brassica.

Background: The genus Brassica mainly comprises three diploid and three recently derived allotetraploid species, most of which are highly important vegetable, oil or ornamental crops cultivated worldwide. Despite being extensively studied, the origination of B. napus and certain detailed interspecific relationships within Brassica genus remains undetermined and somewhere confused.

Genome-wide analysis and expression profiles of glyoxalase gene families in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L).

The glyoxalase pathway is composed of glyoxalase I (GLYI) and glyoxalase II (GLYII) and is responsible for the detoxification of a cytotoxic metabolite methylglyoxal (MG) into the nontoxic S-D-lactoylglutathione. The two glyoxalase enzymes play a crucial role in stress tolerance in various plant species. Recently, the GLY gene families have well been analyzed in Arabidopsis, rice and soybean, however, little is known about them in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa).

Global DNA methylation variations after short-term heat shock treatment in cultured microspores of Brassica napus cv. Topas.

Heat stress can induce the cultured microspores into embryogenesis. In this study, whole genome bisulphite sequencing was employed to study global DNA methylation variations after short-term heat shock (STHS) treatments in cultured microspores of Brassica napus cv. Topas.

Association Mapping of Flowering Time QTLs and Insight into Their Contributions to Rapeseed Growth Habits.

Plants have developed sophisticated systems to adapt to local conditions during evolution, domestication and natural or artificial selection. The selective pressures of these different growing conditions have caused significant genomic divergence within species. The flowering time trait is the most crucial factor because it helps plants to maintain sustainable development.

Identification and Characterization of a Glyoxalase I Gene in a Rapeseed Cultivar with Seed Thermotolerance.

Glyoxalase I (GLYI) is a ubiquitous enzyme in all organisms that catalyzes the conversion of the potent cytotoxin methylglyoxal to S-D-lactoylglutathione. Although many reports suggest the importance of GLYI in the plant response to stress, its function in seeds requires further study. Here, we identified a heat-induced GLYI from Brassica napus seeds, BnGLYI, using a comparative proteomics approach.

A genome-wide association study of plant height and primary branch number in rapeseed (Brassica napus).

Crop plant architecture plays a highly important role in its agronomic performance. Plant height (PH) and primary branch number (PB) are two major factors that affect the plant architecture of rapeseed (Brassica napus). Previous studies have shown that these two traits are controlled by multiple quantitative trait loci (QTL); however, QTLs have not been delimited to regions less than 10cM.

Characterization of FAE1 in the zero erucic acid germplasm of Brassica rapa L.

The modification of erucic acid content in seeds is one of the major goals for quality breeding in oil-yielding Brassica species. However, few low erucic acid (LEA) resources are available, and novel LEA genetic resources are being sought. Fatty acid elongase 1 (FAE1) is the key gene that controls erucic acid synthesis.

High-throughput multiplex cpDNA resequencing clarifies the genetic diversity and genetic relationships among Brassica napus, Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea.

Brassica napus (rapeseed) is a recent allotetraploid plant and the second most important oilseed crop worldwide. The origin of B. napus and the genetic relationships with its diploid ancestor species remain largely unresolved.

Assessing and broadening genetic diversity of a rapeseed germplasm collection.

Assessing the level of genetic diversity within a germplasm collection contributes to evaluating the potential for its utilization as a gene pool to improve the performance of cultivars. In this study, 45 high-quality simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were screened and used to estimate the genetic base of a world-wide collection of 248 rapeseed (Brassica napus) inbred lines. For the whole collection, the genetic diversity of A genome was higher than that of C genome.

Comparison of the heat stress induced variations in DNA methylation between heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive rapeseed seedlings.

DNA methylation is responsive to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Heat stress is a serious threat to crop growth and development worldwide. Heat stress results in an array of morphological, physiological and biochemical changes in plants.

Genome-wide investigation of genetic changes during modern breeding of Brassica napus.

Considerable genome variation had been incorporated within rapeseed breeding programs over past decades. In past decades, there have been substantial changes in phenotypic properties of rapeseed as a result of extensive breeding effort. Uncovering the underlying patterns of allelic variation in the context of genome organisation would provide knowledge to guide future genetic improvement.

Genome-wide association study dissects the genetic architecture of seed weight and seed quality in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.).

Association mapping can quickly and efficiently dissect complex agronomic traits. Rapeseed is one of the most economically important polyploid oil crops, although its genome sequence is not yet published. In this study, a recently developed 60K Brassica Infinium(®) SNP array was used to analyse an association panel with 472 accessions.

Genome-wide survey and expression analysis of the putative non-specific lipid transfer proteins in Brassica rapa L.

Background: Plant non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLtps) are small, basic proteins encoded by multigene families and have reported functions in many physiological processes such as mediating phospholipid transfer, defense reactions against phytopathogens, the adaptation of plants to various environmental conditions, and sexual reproduction. To date, no genome-wide overview of the Brassica rapa nsLtp (BrnsLtp) gene family has been performed. Therefore, as the first step and as a helpful strategy to elucidate the functions of BrnsLtps, a genome-wide study for this gene family is necessary.

PRDA1, a novel chloroplast nucleoid protein, is required for early chloroplast development and is involved in the regulation of plastid gene expression in Arabidopsis.

Chloroplast development requires accurate spatio-temporal expression of plastid genes. The regulation of plastid genes mediated by plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP) is rather complex, and its related mechanism remains largely unclear. Here, we report the identification of a novel protein that is essential for plant development, PEP-Related Development Arrested 1 (PRDA1).

Two novel proteins, MRL7 and its paralog MRL7-L, have essential but functionally distinct roles in chloroplast development and are involved in plastid gene expression regulation in Arabidopsis.

Chloroplast development requires the coordinated action of various proteins, many of which remain to be identified. Here, we report two novel genes, Mesophyll-cell RNAi Library line 7 (MRL7) and MRL7-Like (MRL7-L), that are involved in this process. An Arabidopsis knock-down transgenic plant (MRL7-RNAi) with delayed-greening phenotype was isolated from an RNA interference (RNAi) transformant library.