Establishment and characterization of the first immortalized vocal cord leukoplakia epithelial cell line.

The importance of vocal cord leukoplakia (VCL) in the etiology and progression of laryngeal carcinoma has gained increasing recognition. However, research into the mechanisms of laryngeal precancerous lesions such as VCL, has been hampered by the small size of VCL epithelial cells and their limited culture lifespan. In this study, we enhanced the primary culture protocol for VCL epithelial cells and introduced simian virus 40 Large T to establish an immortalized cell line, designated hVCL-MSDEP01.

Successful surgery with preservation of laryngeal function in a patient with collision primary squamous cell carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma in the hypopharynx and synchronous esophageal carcinoma: A case report.

Background: The definition of "collision tumor" is the coexistence of two histologically and morphologically distinct tumors within the same anatomical area without histological admixture. Collision tumors featuring primary squamous cell and adenoid cystic carcinomas of the hypopharynx, combined with synchronous esophageal carcinoma, are very rare.

Methods: We describe a patient with a collision tumor of the hypopharynx and synchronous esophageal carcinoma who underwent partial laryngectomy, with preservation of laryngeal function, and radical esophageal resection featuring esophageal reconstruction using a gastric tube.

Variation and protection of the chorda tympani nerve in endoscopic ear surgery.

Objective: To observe and summarize variations of the chorda tympani nerve to effectively protect it during surgery.

Methods: Surgical videos of patients undergoing endoscopic ear surgery in the past 3 years were retrospectively observed to identify chorda tympani nerve variations.

Results: In total, 237 cases were reviewed.

Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome on Different Phenotypes of Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

Background: The pathophysiologic mechanisms of human chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are highly complex, and sinonasal colonization with pathogens is the first and most important step in this process. NLRP3, the main receptor activated by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), is associated with a variety of inflammatory diseases, including airway inflammation; however, the understanding of its role in CRS is limited.

Objective: By detecting the differential expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 between CRS patients and controls, between different CRS phenotypes (CRSsNP and CRSwNP), between mucosal tissue and polyp tissue, and further its relationship with neutrophilic/eosinic infiltration, we aimed to elucidate the biological role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathophysiologic mechanisms of CRS.

Targeted Inhibition of HK-II Reversed the Warburg Effect to Improve the Radiosensitivity of Laryngeal Carcinoma.

Purpose: Hexokinase-II (HK-II) is the key enzyme in the first rate-limiting step of glycolysis that catalyzes the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. Here, we examined the association between HK-II expression and radioresistance in laryngeal carcinoma and whether the inhibition of HK-II expression can enhance the radiosensitivity of these tumors.

Methods: The effects of HK-II small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the radiosensitivity of Tu212 cells were examined in vitro and in vivo in a mouse model.

Pepsin and Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Carcinomas.

Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas are common malignant tumors of the head and neck, and the incidence of both is increasing. Laryngopharyngeal reflux refers to the retrograde flow of gastric contents into the larynx, oropharynx, and/or nasopharynx. It remains controversial whether laryngopharyngeal reflux is a risk factor for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers.

Autophagy-Related Beclin 1 and Head and Neck Cancers.

Beclin 1, a positive regulator of autophagy, behaves as a double-edged sword in tumorigenesis. Beclin 1 contributes to tumor suppression by removing defective or damaged organelles and other cellular components; however, its activity can also stimulate cancer initiation and progression. In head and neck cancer, Beclin 1 overexpression promotes autophagy, which limits DNA damage and chromosomal instability and increases necrosis and inflammation by impacting apoptotic and autophagic pathways.

Effect of combination of curcumin and GLUT-1 AS-ODN on radiosensitivity of laryngeal carcinoma through regulating autophagy.

Background: This study is to explore the role of curcumin and GLUT-1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODN) on autophagy modulation-initiated radiosensitivity.

Methods: BALB/c mice were employed to establish xenograft model using Tu212 cell. The expression of autophagy- and apoptosis-related proteins was determined by WB.

GLUT-1 siRNA Enhances Radiosensitization Of Laryngeal Cancer Stem Cells Via Enhanced DNA Damage, Cell Cycle Redistribution, And Promotion Of Apoptosis In Vitro And In Vivo.

Background: Radiotherapy does not show good efficacy against laryngeal cancer due to radioresistance. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered among the causes of radioresistance. Inhibition of glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) using GLUT-1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) may enhance the radiosensitivity of laryngeal cancer cells, but the underlying cellular mechanisms remain unclear.

Roles of GLUT-1 and HK-II expression in the biological behavior of head and neck cancer.

The Warburg effect plays an important role in the proliferation and invasion of malignant tumors. Glucose transporter 1 and hexokinase II are two key energy transporters involved in mediating the Warburg effect. This review will analyze the mechanisms of these two markers in their effects on the biological behavior of head and neck cancer.

True hypopharyngeal carcinosarcoma: a case report and literature review.

Objective Carcinosarcoma consists of carcinomatous and sarcomatous tissues and is an aggressive malignant tumor. It is rarely reported in the hypopharynx. Methods A 72-year-old man presented with dysphagia and dyspnea.

Warburg effect, hexokinase-II, and radioresistance of laryngeal carcinoma.

Radiotherapy is now widely used as a part of multidisciplinary treatment approaches for advanced laryngeal carcinoma and preservation of laryngeal function. However, the mechanism of the radioresistance is still unclear. Some studies have revealed that the Warburg effect promotes the radioresistance of various malignant tumors, including laryngeal carcinoma.