HER2/ ERBB2 Immunohistochemical Expression and Copy Number Status in Ovarian Mucinous Tumors.

Primary mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) is a rare ovarian epithelial cancer, which is often refractory to chemotherapy. HER2-targeting therapy is being increasingly considered in gynecologic malignancies. Although there have been limited studies examining the HER2 status of such tumors, the criteria for HER2 expression scoring have not been standardized for MOC as it has for other sites.

A multidisciplinary approach to optimize primary prostate cancer biobanking.

Purpose: Biobanking tissue of high quality and fidelity is imperative for cancer genomics research. Since it is a challenging process, we sought to develop a protocol that improves the fidelity and quantity of biobanked primary prostate cancer (CaP) tissue.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a pilot study evaluating pathologic concordance of biobanked tissue and the radical prostatectomy specimen using either standard protocol (SP) vs.

Visual cues as a surrogate for tactile feedback during robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy: posterolateral margin rates in 1340 consecutive patients.

Objective: To analyse consecutive cases of robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP), present the incidence of nerve-sparing-related positive surgical margins (SM+), include visual cues that might assist in smoothly changing to the robotic platform, and discuss the scientific rationale for 'intersensory integration' which might explain the 'reverse Braille' phenomenon, i.e. the ability to feel when vision is greatly enhanced, as the lack of tactile feedback during RALP is often cited as a disadvantage of robotic surgery, interfering with a surgeon's ability to make intraoperative oncological decisions.

Prostate volume and the incidence of extraprostatic extension: is there a relation?

Background And Purpose: Extraprostatic extension (EPE) of tumor is an important prognostic indicator that has an impact on long-term survival after radical prostatectomy. We investigated whether the prostate size has any association with the tumor volume and the incidence of EPE.

Patients And Methods: Seven hundred consecutive robot-assisted radical prostatectomy procedures performed by a single surgeon at a single center were studied.

Survivin as a useful adjunct marker for the grading of papillary urothelial carcinoma.

Context: Distinguishing low-grade and high-grade noninvasive papillary urothelial carcinoma based on morphologic criteria can be challenging and adjunct markers are highly desirable. Survivin, presumably an antiapoptotic protein, was previously proposed as a prognostic marker for urothelial carcinoma.

Objective: To assess interobserver variability by 2004 World Health Organization classification and the value of survivin and Ki-67 as potential markers for grading noninvasive papillary urothelial carcinoma.

Estrogen and progesterone-receptor-positive stroma as a non-tumorous proliferation in kidneys: a possible metaplastic response to obstruction.

The presence of estrogen and progesterone-receptor-positive stroma is well known in renal mixed epithelial and stromal tumor, cystic nephroma, and angiomyolipoma with epithelial cysts. It has been suggested that the hormone receptor positivity in mixed epithelial and stromal tumor may be etiologically related to exogenous hormone intake-a phenomenon that has become more frequent in recent years. In the past few years, we have observed such stroma in some non-neoplastic kidneys, as well as in tumor-bearing kidneys away from the tumor.

Gene fusions between TMPRSS2 and ETS family genes in prostate cancer: frequency and transcript variant analysis by RT-PCR and FISH on paraffin-embedded tissues.

Recurrent gene fusions between TMPRSS2 and ETS family genes have recently been shown to occur at a high frequency in prostate cancer. In this study, we used formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue and evaluated both TMPRSS2-ERG and TMPRSS2-ETV1 fusions by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The results were correlated to overexpression of the downstream ERG and ETV1 sequences.

Gene expression profiling separates chromophobe renal cell carcinoma from oncocytoma and identifies vesicular transport and cell junction proteins as differentially expressed genes.

Purpose: To compare gene expression profiles of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and benign oncocytoma, aiming at identifying differentially expressed genes.

Experimental Design: Nine cases each of chromophobe RCC and oncocytoma were analyzed by oligonucleotide microarray. Candidate genes that showed consistent differential expression were validated by reverse transcription-PCR using 25 fresh-frozen and 15 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples.

Messenger RNA expression ratios among four genes predict subtypes of renal cell carcinoma and distinguish oncocytoma from carcinoma.

Purpose: Morphologic distinction among clear cell, papillary, and chromophobe types of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) can be difficult, as is the differential diagnosis between oncocytoma and RCC. Whether these renal tumors can be distinguished by their mRNA expression profile of a few selected genes was examined.

Experimental Design: The expression of four genes in renal tumor was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR: carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9), methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), parvalbumin (PVALB), and chloride channel kb (CLCNKB).