Pyrolysis of a typical low-rank coal: application and modification of the chemical percolation devolatilization model.

The chemical percolation devolatilization (CPD) model can simulate the formation of various products during the coal pyrolysis process and predict the products composition relatively accurately. In this study, the pyrolysis products of a typical low-rank coal were calculated using the CPD model, and several model improvements were proposed by combining the experimental results in a lab-scale pyrolysis system. The chemical structural parameters calculated from the Genetti correlations were verified by adjusting the initial fraction of char bridges ( ) from 0.

Strengthening mass transfer with the Tesla-valve baffles to increase the biomass yield of Arthrospira platensis in a column photobioreactor.

In this study, the Tesla-valve (TV) baffles were used to optimize the flow field in a column photobioreactor (PBR) in order to promote mass transfer of CO gas in the solution. The TV baffles were composed of many tilted plates with central holes and curved arcs facing downwards, installed along inner rising section of the column PBR. Many clockwise and anti-clockwise vortices were generated during the rising flow while passing through proposed TV baffles.

Orange light spectra filtered through transparent colored polyvinyl chloride sheet enhanced pigment content and growth of Arthrospira cells.

Microalgae are significantly affected by the spectra composition with various wavelengths. The development of light harvesting pigments can be controlled with specific wavelength of filtered light received by microalgae. Coverage of open raceway pond using transparent colored polyvinyl chloride sheets (PVCS) to filter light spectra, was assessed for the capacity to enhance biomass growth rate.

Simultaneous promotion of photosynthesis and astaxanthin accumulation during two stages of Haematococcus pluvialis with ammonium ferric citrate.

To simultaneously promote biomass yield and astaxanthin content of Haematococcus pluvialis, ammonium ferric citrate (AFC) was employed to stimulate light harvest in photosynthesis during the green stage and oxidation induction in astaxanthin accumulation during the red stage. AFC not only improved chlorophyll synthesis by 22.5% to provide more electrochemical potential energy in the green stage, but also alleviated photosystem II damage to maintain a high level of effective quantum yield by enhancing carotenoid production.

Reduced generation time and size of carbon dioxide bubbles in a volute aerator for improving Spirulina sp. growth.

A novel volute aerator was proposed to generate shear force and break gas flow through water centrifugation to promote mass transfer for CO fixation with microalgae. The bubble evolution and gas-liquid mixing processes in volute aerator were numerically simulated. The bubble generation time and diameter were measured on a high-speed camera and assessed with level-set method.