Enhancement of nutritional quality of chickpea flour by solid-state fermentation for improvement of in vitro antioxidant activity and protein digestibility.

The nutritional properties, anti-nutritional factors, and in vitro digestion characteristics of chickpeas after solid-state fermentation (SSF) with autochthonous microorganisms were investigated. Two strains (P.pentosaceus LFSBB12 & P.

De novo 2'-fucosyllactose biosynthesis using glucose as the sole carbon source by multiple engineered Bacillus subtilis.

2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL) is the most abundant human milk oligosaccharide and plays significant roles in gut microbiome balance, neural development, and immunoregulation. However, current fermentation schemes using multiple carbon sources increase production cost and metabolism burden. This study reported the development of an engineered Bacillus subtilis strain that produces 2'-FL using glucose as the sole carbon source.

Harnessing microbial heterogeneity for improved biosynthesis fueled by synthetic biology.

Metabolic engineering-driven microbial cell factories have made great progress in the efficient bioproduction of biochemical and recombinant proteins. However, the low efficiency and robustness of microbial cell factories limit their industrial applications. Harnessing microbial heterogeneity contributes to solving this.

Heterologous expression of a highly thermostable L-asparaginase from Thermococcus zilligii in Aspergillus niger for efficient reduction of acrylamide in French fries.

L-asparaginase (L-ASNase) can hydrolyze L-asparagine, a precursor to acrylamide, thereby reducing toxic acrylamide formation in fried foods. Currently, commercial L-ASNases are primarily produced by wild-type (WT) filamentous fungi; however, these enzymes often exhibit rapid activity loss during high-temperature processing due to limited thermal stability. In this study, we screened a thermostable L-ASNase gene from thermophile bacteria and expressed it in Aspergillus niger to reduce acrylamide content in French fries.

CFD Modeling of HBI/scrap Melting in Industrial EAF and the Impact of Charge Layering on Melting Performance.

The melting of scrap and hot briquetted iron (HBI) in an AC electric arc furnace (EAF) is simulated by an advanced 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model that captures the arc heating, the scrap/HBI melting process, and the solid collapse mechanisms. The CFD model is used to simulate a scenario where charge layering and EAF power profiles are provided by a real EAF operation. CFD simulation of the EAF operation shows proper prediction of the charge melting when compared with standard industry practice.

Hyperproduction of 7-dehydrocholesterol by rewiring the post-squalene module in lipid droplets of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Lipid droplets (LDs) are specialized organelles that store neutral lipids to reduce the negative effects of lipotoxicity on cells. However, many neutral lipids are precursors for the synthesis of sterols and complex terpenoids, and this sequestration often greatly limits the efficient biosynthesis of sterols and complex terpenoids. In this study, taking 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae as an example, we revealed the blocking mechanism of LD sequestration on the efficient synthesis of metabolic products and found that LDs can sequester a significant amount of squalene, the precursor of 7-DHC, effectively preventing it from being directed toward the post-squalene pathway.

Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT): A key enzyme in cancer metabolism and therapeutic target.

Emerging research has positioned Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) as a key player in oncology, with its heightened expression frequently observed across diverse cancers. This increased presence is tightly linked to tumor initiation, proliferation, and metastasis. The enzymatic function of NNMT is centered on the methylation of nicotinamide (NAM), utilizing S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as the methyl donor, which results in the generation of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) and methyl nicotinamide (MNAM).

Immobilized high-performance heparin lyase III for efficient preparation of low molecular weight heparin.

Heparin lyase III has garnered widespread attention due to its high specificity and minimal loss of anticoagulant activity during the preparation of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), a crucial anticoagulant drug in clinical practice. However, low expression levels and complex preparation processes limit its practical application. To address these challenges, high-performance Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron heparin lyase III (Bhep III) variants were engineered and immobilized for LMWH preparation.

A Multi-Omics, Machine Learning-Aware, Genome-Wide Metabolic Model of Bacillus Subtilis Refines the Gene Expression and Cell Growth Prediction.

Given the extensive heterogeneity and variability, understanding cellular functions and regulatory mechanisms through the analysis of multi-omics datasets becomes extremely challenging. Here, a comprehensive modeling framework of multi-omics machine learning and metabolic network models are proposed that covers various cellular biological processes across multiple scales. This model on an extensive normalized compendium of Bacillus subtilis is validated, which encompasses gene expression data from environmental perturbations, transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, protein translation, and growth measurements.

Enhancing Cellular and Enzymatic Properties Through In Vivo Continuous Evolution.

Directed evolution seeks to evolve target genes at a rate far exceeding the natural mutation rate, thereby endowing cellular and enzymatic properties with desired traits. In vivo continuous directed evolution achieves these purposes by generating libraries within living cells, enabling a continuous cycle of mutant generation and selection, enhancing the exploration of gene variants. Continuous evolution has become powerful tools for unraveling evolution mechanism and improving cellular and enzymatic properties.

Long-Chain Molecular Crystals Antimony(III) Alkanethiolates Sb(SCH) ( ≥ 12): Synthesis, Crystal and Electronic Structures, and Supramolecular Self-Assembly via Secondary Interactions.

Currently, there is not much success in solving the molecular and crystal structures of long-chain metal alkanethiolate complexes [M(SCH)] at the atomic level. Taking Sb(SCH) () as an example, we herein disclose the structural characteristics of long-chain trivalent antimony(III) alkanethiolates Sb(SCH) ( ≥ 12) by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Specifically, the Sb atom is three-coordinated by alkanethiolate ligands and a slightly distorted triangular pyramid SbS core is formed owing to the unique intramolecular stereochemistry of three alkyl chains, namely, two of them almost parallel aligning and the third chain extending alone around the SbS core.

Engineering artificial cross-species promoters with different transcriptional strengths.

As a fundamental tool in synthetic biology, promoters are pivotal in regulating gene expression, enabling precise genetic control and spurring innovation across diverse biotechnological applications. However, most advances in engineered genetic systems rely on host-specific regulation of the genetic portion. With the burgeoning diversity of synthetic biology chassis cells, there emerges a pressing necessity to broaden the universal promoter toolkit spectrum, ensuring adaptability across various microbial chassis cells for enhanced applicability and customization in the evolving landscape of synthetic biology.

Modification of the Endoplasmic Reticulum to Enhance Ovalbumin Secretion in .

Ovalbumin (OVA) is a high-quality protein for humans. Modifying microorganisms to produce proteins offers a solution to potential food protein shortages. In this study, OVA was expressed in .

Engineering Gluconbacter oxydans with efficient co-utilization of glucose and sorbitol for one-step biosynthesis of 2-keto-L-gulonic.

As the highest-demand vitamin, the development of a one-step vitamin C synthesis process has been slow for a long time. In previous research, a Gluconobacter oxydans strain (GKLG9) was constructed that can directly synthesize 2-keto-L-gulonic acid (2-KLG) from glucose, but carbon source utilization remained low. Therefore, this study first identified the gene 4kas (4-keto-D-arabate synthase) to reduce the loss of extracellular carbon and inhibit the browning of fermentation broth.

Combinatorial metabolic engineering of Bacillus subtilis for menaquinone-7 biosynthesis.

Menaquinone-7 (MK-7), a form of vitamin K2, supports bone health and prevents arterial calcification. Microbial fermentation for MK-7 production has attracted widespread attention because of its low cost and short production cycles. However, insufficient substrate supply, unbalanced precursor synthesis, and low catalytic efficiency of key enzymes severely limited the efficiency of MK-7 synthesis.

Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase (NNMT): A New Hope for Treating Aging and Age-Related Conditions.

The complex process of aging leads to a gradual deterioration in the function of cells, tissues, and the entire organism, thereby increasing the risk of disease and death. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) has attracted attention as a potential target for combating aging and its related pathologies. Studies have shown that NNMT activity increases over time, which is closely associated with the onset and progression of age-related diseases.

Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT): a novel therapeutic target for metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a constellation of metabolic abnormalities, typified by obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. It stems from intricate dysregulations in metabolic pathways governing energy and substrate metabolism. While comprehending the precise etiological mechanisms of MetS remains challenging, evidence underscores the pivotal roles of aberrations in lipid metabolism and insulin resistance (IR) in its pathogenesis.

[The expression and secretion of human lactoferrin in ].

Human lactoferrin (HLF), an essential nutrient found in breast milk, possesses antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immune-enhancing properties. In this study, the effects of three constitutive promoters (P, P, and P) and three inducible promoters (P, P, and P) on the expression of HLF were compared using G601 as the host strain. The results showed that the highest expression of HLF, reaching 651.