CD74 facilitates immunotherapy response by shaping the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: CD74 is ectopically expressed in many tumors and can regulate tumor immunity. However, there are many gaps in the study of the prognostic value of CD74 expression and immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: An online tumor database was searched to obtain data on gene/protein expression.

(m) RVD-hemopressin (α) Ameliorated Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Damage to the BDNF/TrkB/Akt Pathway Induced by Scopolamine in HT22 Cells.

Dysfunction in the cholinergic system and oxidative stress are closely related and play roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Scopolamine (Scop), which is commonly used to induce cholinergic system damage in cells and animals, also evokes oxidative stress. Our previous study indicated that the peptide (m) RVD-hemopressin (RVD) reversed the memory-impairing effect of Scop in mice by activating cannabinoid receptor 1 (CBR1), but the mechanism was unclear.

Deciphering a critical role of uterine epithelial SHP2 in parturition initiation at single cell resolution.

The timely onset of female parturition is a critical determinant for pregnancy success. The highly heterogenous maternal decidua has been increasingly recognized as a vital factor in setting the timing of labor. Despite the cell type specific roles in parturition, the role of the uterine epithelium in the decidua remains poorly understood.

Droplets microfluidics platform-A tool for single cell research.

Cells are the most basic structural and functional units of living organisms. Studies of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and cell-cell interactions can help scientists understand the mysteries of living systems. However, there is considerable heterogeneity among cells.

Progress on the Role of Estrogen and Progesterone Signaling in Mouse Embryo Implantation and Decidualization.

Embryo implantation and decidualization are key steps in establishing a successful pregnancy. Defects in embryo implantation and decidualization can cause a series of adverse chain reactions which can contribute to harmful pregnancy outcomes, such as embryo growth retardation, preeclampsia, miscarriage, premature birth, and so on. Approximately 75% of failed pregnancies are considered to be due to embryo implantation failure or defects.

Liver-specific overexpression of Gab2 accelerates hepatocellular carcinoma progression by activating immunosuppression of myeloid-derived suppressor cells.

GRB2-associated-binding protein 2 (Gab2) deletion has a preventive effect of on chronic liver inflammation and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study was aimed to elaborate Gab2-initiated immunoregulation during hepatocarcinogenesis. Compared to wild-type group, liver-specific overexpression of Gab2 mice (L-Gab2) displayed early hepatocarcinogenesis after 5-month diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induction, and accelerated tumor growth after 9-month DEN challenge.

L22 ribosomal protein is involved in dynamin-related protein 1-mediated gastric carcinoma progression.

Mitochondrial fission depends on dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) guanosine triphosphatase activity. Although there is some association between Drp1 and gastric cancer, the detailed mechanism remains largely unknown. In this study, the elevation of Drp1 was observed in human gastric carcinoma specimens including gastric mixed adenocarcinoma tissues, gastric intestinal-type adenocarcinoma tissues, and human gastric cancer cells compared to normal control, but not in diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma tissues.

Shp2 in uterine stromal cells critically regulates on time embryo implantation and stromal decidualization by multiple pathways during early pregnancy.

Approximately 75% of failed pregnancies are considered to be due to embryo implantation failure or defects. Nevertheless, the explicit signaling mechanisms governing this process have not yet been elucidated. Here, we found that conditional deletion of the Shp2 gene in mouse uterine stromal cells deferred embryo implantation and inhibited the decidualization of stromal cells, which led to embryonic developmental delay and to the death of numerous embryos mid-gestation, ultimately reducing female fertility.

Next-generation sequencing yields the complete mitochondrial genome of (Loricariidae; Siluriformes).

In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of has derived by next-generation sequencing. The complete mitochondrial genome of contains 16,425 bp encompassing 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and one control region (D-loop). The base composition is A 31.

Suppression of Tumorigenicity 5 Ameliorates Tumor Characteristics of Invasive Breast Cancer Cells ERK/JNK Pathway.

Background: Suppression of tumorigenicity 5 (ST5) has been considered as a tumor suppressor gene in HeLa tumor cells. However, its role in the progression of breast cancer remains vague.

Methods: Online database analysis was determined by Oncomine and Breast Cancer Gene-Expression Miner v4.

Applicability and implementation of the collagen-induced arthritis mouse model, including protocols (Review).

Animal models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are essential for studying the pathogenesis of RA and determining the efficacy of anti-RA drugs. During the past decades, numerous rodent models of arthritis have been evaluated as potential models and the modeling methods are relatively well-developed. Among these models, the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model is the first choice and the most widely used because it may be generated rapidly and inexpensively and is relatively similar in pathogenesis to human RA.

CDK-associated Cullin 1 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Inhibits Cell Apoptosis in Human Glioblastoma.

Background: Glioma is the most common intracranial primary tumour of adult humans, and its pathological mechanism and molecular characteristics are still under investigation. CDK-associated cullin 1 (CACUL1) has been shown to regulate colorectal carcinoma, lung cancer, and gastric cancer development.

Objective: This study aims to explore the role of CACUL1 in the pathogenesis of human glioma.

CASC15 Polymorphisms are Correlated With Breast Cancer Susceptibility in Chinese Han Women.

Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is a prevalent malignant tumor among women. Numerous studies have been reported that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were associated with various human diseases.

Materials And Methods: In the current study, 681 patients with BC and 680 unrelated controls were recruited to investigate the correlation between lncRNA cancer susceptibility candidate 15 (CASC15) polymorphisms and BC risk in Chinese Han women.

(m)RVD-hemopressin (α) and (m)VD-hemopressin (α) improve the memory-impairing effect of scopolamine in novel object and object location recognition tasks in mice.

Dysfunction of cholinergic system plays an important role in disease associated with cognitive blockage, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Central administration of scopolamine, an antagonist of acetylcholine receptor, could induce memory impairment in mice. Endocannabinoid system was also implicated in AD, as two peptides agonists of cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R), (m)RVD-hemopressin (α) (RVD) and (m)VD-hemopressin (α) (VD) have been reported to inhibit the AD-relating impairment in animal and cell models.

Estrogen receptor α is involved in the regulation of ITGA8 methylation in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

Background: Integrin subunit α 8 (ITGA8) methylation has been associated with the development of several cancers, but its contribution to breast cancer remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the methylation status of ITGA8, and the underlying regulatory mechanisms of ITGA8 methylation in breast cancer.

Methods: expression was investigated using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2) database and the Breast Cancer Gene-Expression Miner v.

Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 1 potentially acts as a diagnostic and prognostic target in certain subtypes of adenocarcinoma.

Background: Leukocyte immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptor subfamily B member 1 (LILRB1) involves in the occurrence and development of various tumors through transmitting immune inhibitory signals. However, the regulatory mechanism of LILRB1 underlying the disease progression of adenocarcinoma remains vague. This study is aimed to disclose the expression pattern of LILRB1 on adenocarcinoma and its indicative roles on the diagnosis and prognosis of adenocarcinoma patients.

The Emerging Role of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in the Glioma Immune Suppressive Microenvironment.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of myeloid progenitor and precursor cells at different stages of differentiation, which play an important role in tumor immunosuppression. Glioma is the most common and deadliest primary malignant tumor of the brain, and ample evidence supports key contributions of MDSCs to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which is a key factor stimulating glioma progression. In this review, we summarize the source and characterization of MDSCs, discuss their immunosuppressive functions, and current approaches that target MDSCs for tumor control.

Immunosuppressive receptor LILRB1 acts as a potential regulator in hepatocellular carcinoma by integrating with SHP1.

Background: Immunosuppressive receptor LILRB1 regulates tumors progression by transducing immune inhibitory signals via intracellular immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs. However, its role in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) remains vague.

Objective: This study is aimed to disclose the association between LILRB1 and HCC.

Effect of (m)RVD-hemopressin against Aβ1-42-induced apoptosis and inhibition of neurite outgrowth in SH-SY5Y cells.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a serious neurodegenerative disease. Senile plaques (SPs) in the extracellular space and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the intracellular areas of the brain are two typical features of AD. SPs and NFTs are composed of amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates and hyperphosphorylated Tau, respectively.

Gab2 mediates hepatocellular carcinogenesis by integrating multiple signaling pathways.

Our previous studies have found that Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2-associated binding protein 2 (Gab2)-a docking protein-governs the development of fatty liver disease. Here, we further demonstrate that Gab2 mediates hepatocarcinogenesis. Compared with a faint expression in -carcinoma tissue, Gab2 was highly expressed in ∼60-70% of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) specimens.

WW domain-binding protein 2: an adaptor protein closely linked to the development of breast cancer.

The WW domain is composed of 38 to 40 semi-conserved amino acids shared with structural, regulatory, and signaling proteins. WW domain-binding protein 2 (WBP2), as a binding partner of WW domain protein, interacts with several WW-domain-containing proteins, such as Yes kinase-associated protein (Yap), paired box gene 8 (Pax8), WW-domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 (TAZ), and WW-domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) through its PPxY motifs within C-terminal region, and further triggers the downstream signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Studies have confirmed that phosphorylated form of WBP2 can move into nuclei and activate the transcription of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), whose expression were the indicators of breast cancer development, indicating that WBP2 may participate in the progression of breast cancer.

Nuclear Shp2 directs normal embryo implantation via facilitating the ERα tyrosine phosphorylation by the Src kinase.

Estrogen and progesterone coupled with locally produced signaling molecules are essential for embryo implantation. However, the hierarchical landscape of the molecular pathways that governs this process remains largely unexplored. Here we show that the protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp2, a positive transducer of RTK signaling, is predominately localized in the nuclei in the periimplantation mouse uterus.

Deletion of Gab2 in mice protects against hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis: a novel therapeutic target for fatty liver disease.

Fatty liver disease is a serious health problem worldwide and is the most common cause for chronic liver disease and metabolic disorders. The major challenge in the prevention and intervention of this disease is the incomplete understanding of the underlying mechanism and thus lack of potent therapeutic targets due to multifaceted and interdependent disease factors. In this study, we investigated the role of a signaling adaptor protein, GRB2-associated-binding protein 2 (Gab2), in fatty liver using an animal disease model.