Aerobic oxidation of alkylarenes and polystyrene waste to benzoic acids a copper-based catalyst.

The chemical recycling of polystyrene (PS) waste to value-added aromatic compounds is an attractive but formidable challenge due to the inertness of the C-C bonds in the polymer backbone. Here we develop a light-driven, copper-catalyzed protocol to achieve aerobic oxidation of various alkylarenes or real-life PS waste to benzoic acid and oxidized styrene oligomers. The resulting oligomers can be further transformed under heating conditions, thus achieving benzoic acid in up to 65% total yield through an integrated one-pot two-step procedure.

Solvent-Free Chemical Recycling of Polyesters and Polycarbonates by Magnesium-Based Lewis Acid Catalyst.

Developing a simple and efficient catalyst system for closed-loop recycling of polymers to monomers is an essentially important but challenging task for the recycle of polymer wastes and preventing the downcycle of plastic products. Herein, we employ inexpensive, commercially available Lewis acids (LAs) to achieve closed-loop recycling in bulk through the catalytic depolymerization of aliphatic polyesters and polycarbonates. The scope of LAs is screened by thermogravimetric analysis experiments and distillation experiments.

Meta-analysis of the effects of different exercise modes on cardiac function and peak oxygen uptake in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: The benefits of exercise for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events have been reported in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the effects of exercise on cardiac structure and function require clarification.

Methods: A literature search for clinical studies reporting on the effects of exercise on cardiac structure, cardiac function, and VOpeak in T2DM patients was conducted.

Identification of Active Ingredients in Ginseng Volatile Oil: A Strategy Combining Computer Virtual Screening With Experimental Validation.

Background: Ginseng volatile oil (GVO) is a valuable active ingredient in ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.

Feasibility Study of Adverse Childhood Experiences, Treatment-Related Sequelae, and Inflammatory Markers in Breast Cancer Survivors.

Objectives: To explore the incidence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in breast cancer survivors and potential associations with long-term treatment-related sequelae.

Sample & Setting: English-speaking breast cancer survivors three or more years from diagnosis with complete treatment response (N = 120) were recruited prior to scheduled survivorship clinic visits.

Methods & Variables: Participants in this cross-sectional observational feasibility study rated anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance, cognitive issues, resilience, and ACEs (experienced prior to age 18 years).

Blood flow restriction combined with resistance training on muscle strength and thickness improvement in young adults: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.

Background: High-intensity resistance training is known to be the most effective method for enhancing muscle strength and thickness, but it carries potential injury risks. Blood flow restriction (BFR) combined with resistance training has been proposed as a safer alternative method for improving muscle strength and thickness.

Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted, including 20 studies from five databases that met the inclusion criteria, to assess the efficacy of BFR combined with resistance training compared to traditional resistance training (NOBFR).

Community Organizations, Local Health Equity Action Teams, and a Learning Collaborative to Address COVID-19 Disparities in Urban and Rural Communities.

Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics-Underserved Populations (RADx-UP) Kansas worked with 10 Kansas counties from November 2020 through June 2022 to form local health equity action teams (LHEATs), develop COVID-19 testing strategies, foster communication about COVID-19, and share best practices through a learning collaborative. Participating counties documented 693 distinct COVID-19 testing and 178 communication activities. Although the intervention was not associated with changes in the proportion of positive COVID-19 tests, LHEATs in the learning collaborative implemented new testing strategies and responded to emerging COVID-19 challenges.

Effects of the feeding protocol during blood transfusion on splanchnic tissue oxygenation and complications in very premature infants.

Background: The effects of blood transfusions on splanchnic oxygenation and complications related to blood transfusions, including red blood cell (RBC) transfusions, in premature infants undergoing enteral feeding, to provide clinical evidence for a management protocol for premature infants during the peri-transfusion period.

Methods: This single-blind, randomized, controlled trial enrolled sixty eligible preterm infants who were randomly divided into the withholding feeding group ( = 30) or feeding group ( = 30). Enteral feeding was withheld for 8 h, beginning from the start of transfusion infants in the feeding group were fed according to the pre-transfusion feeding approach during and after RBC transfusion.

Research of the dynamic regulatory mechanism of Compound Danshen Dripping Pills on myocardial infarction based on metabolic trajectory analysis.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a serious cardiovascular disease, which presents different pathophysiological changes with the prolongation of the disease. Compound danshen dripping pills (CDDP) has obvious advantages in MI treatment and widely used in the clinic. However, the current studies were mostly focused on the endpoint of CDDP intervention, lacking the dynamic attention to the disease process.

Emerging From the Haze™: Pilot Feasibility Study Comparing Two Virtual Formats of a Cognitive Rehabilitation Intervention.

Objectives: To gather feasibility and preliminary data comparing two virtual delivery methods for providing Emerging From the Haze™ (Haze) to cancer survivors compared to waitlist control (WLC).

Sample & Setting: Eligible participants (N = 93) reported cancer-related cognitive impairment following chemotherapy for stage I-III solid tumors, Hodgkin lymphoma, or non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Methods & Variables: A three-arm randomized design was used to compare virtual live group presentation of Haze sessions, virtual prerecorded Haze group sessions, and WLC.

Multimodal exercise training to reduce frailty in people with multiple sclerosis: study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: Frailty, a syndrome characterized by decreased reserve and resistance to stressors across multiple physiologic systems, is highly prevalent in people living with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), independent of age or disability level. Frailty in MS is strongly associated with adverse clinical outcomes, such as falls, and may aggravate MS-related symptoms. Consequently, there is a pressing necessity to explore and evaluate strategies to reduce frailty levels in pwMS.

Topology Controlled All-(Meth)acrylic Thermoplastic Elastomers by Multi-Functional Lewis Pairs-Mediated Polymerization.

It remains challenging to synthesize all-(meth)acrylic triblock thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs), due to the drastically different reactivities between the acrylates and methacrylates and inevitable occurrence of side reactions during polymerization of acrylates. By taking advantage of the easy structural modulation features of N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs), we design and synthesize strong nucleophilic tetraphenylethylene-based NHOs varying in the number (i.e.

Photocatalytic, Oxidative Cleavage of C-C Bond in Lignin Models and Native Lignin.

It is challenging to realize the selective C-C bond cleavage of lignin β-O-4 linkages for production of high-value aromatic chemicals due to its intrinsic inertness and complex structure. Here we report a light-driven, chlorine-radical-based protocol to realize the oxidative C-C bond cleavage in various lignin model compounds catalyzed by commercially available TPT and CaCl, achieving high conversion and good to high product yields at room temperature. Mechanistic studies reveal that the preferential activation of C-H bond facilitates the oxidation and C-C bond cleavage of lignin β-O-4 model via chlorine radical.

Hospital-Initiated Smoking Cessation Among Patients Admitted with Behavioral Health Conditions.

Background: Smoking rates among people living with behavioral health conditions (BHC) range from 30 to 65% and are 2-4 times higher than rates found in the general population. Starting tobacco treatment during a hospital stay is effective for smoking cessation, but little is known regarding treatment response among inpatients with BHC.

Objective: This study pooled data across multiple clinical trials to determine the relative success in quitting among participants with BHC compared to other study participants.

The impact of the route of administration on the efficacy and safety of the drug therapy for patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to explore the potential impact of the route of administration on the efficacy of therapies and occurrence of adverse events when administering medications to premature infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).

Method: The protocol for this review has been registered with PROSPERO (CRD 42022324598). We searched relevant studies in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and the Web of Science databases from March 26, 1996, to January 31, 2022.

Treatment of functional bowel disorders in an integrative medicine clinic resulting in improved digestive tract symptoms.

Background And Aim: Functional bowel disorders (FBDs), including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and others, are conditions without a physically identifiable etiology that, as a result, are difficult to treat. Alternatives to traditional medical interventions are needed because IBS patients require more of physician time and higher healthcare spending. The goal of this study was to determine the efficacy of alternative lifestyle interventions for patients with FBDs seen in an integrative medicine (IM) clinic at an academic medical center.

ZMIZ2 facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma progression via LEF1 mediated activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies with a high lethality rate. ZMIZ2 is a transcriptional co-activator implicated in various human diseases. However, the role and molecular mechanism of ZMIZ2 in HCC remains to be elucidated.

Randomized singular value decomposition for integrative subtype analysis of 'omics data' using non-negative matrix factorization.

Integration of multiple 'omics datasets for differentiating cancer subtypes is a powerful technic that leverages the consistent and complementary information across multi-omics data. Matrix factorization is a common technique used in integrative clustering for identifying latent subtype structure across multi-omics data. High dimensionality of the omics data and long computation time have been common challenges of clustering methods.

An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Tissue Oximetry Versus Conventional Methods for Postoperative Monitoring of Autologous Breast Reconstruction.

Background: Tissue oximetry monitoring has shown superior outcomes to conventional monitoring methods for autologous breast reconstruction in retrospective studies with consecutive cohorts. A recent study used consecutive cohorts with tissue oximetry as the earlier cohort and found that tissue oximetry was nonsuperior. We hypothesize that improvement in microsurgical outcomes with institutional experience confounds the superiority of tissue oximetry demonstrated in prior studies.

Sample size reestimation and Bayesian predictive probability for single-arm clinical trials with a time-to-event endpoint using Weibull distribution with unknown shape parameter.

This manuscript consists of two topics. Firstly, we explore the utility of internal pilot study (IPS) approach for reestimating sample size at an interim stage when a reliable estimate of the nuisance shape parameter of the Weibull distribution for modeling survival data is unavailable during the planning phase of a study. Although IPS approach can help rescue the study power, it is noted that the adjusted sample size can be as much as twice the initially planned sample size, which may put substantial practical constraints to continue the study.

Improving the accuracy and internal consistency of regression-based clustering of high-dimensional datasets.

Component-wise Sparse Mixture Regression (CSMR) is a recently proposed regression-based clustering method that shows promise in detecting heterogeneous relationships between molecular markers and a continuous phenotype of interest. However, CSMR can yield inconsistent results when applied to high-dimensional molecular data, which we hypothesize is in part due to inherent limitations associated with the feature selection method used in the CSMR algorithm. To assess this hypothesis, we explored whether substituting different regularized regression methods (i.

A nomogram model for predicting distant metastasis of newly diagnosed colorectal cancer based on clinical features.

Objective: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common primary malignancies and the third most common cause of cancer death in both men and women in the United States. Among people diagnosed with initial colorectal cancer, 22% had metastatic colorectal cancer, while the 5-year survival rate was less than 20%. The purpose of this study is to develop a nomogram for predicting distant metastasis in newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients and to identify high-risk groups.