Protective efficacy of cationic-PLGA microspheres loaded with DNA vaccine encoding the sip gene of Streptococcus agalactiae in tilapia.

Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) is an important fish pathogen, which has received more attention in the past decade due to the increasing economic losses in the tilapia industry worldwide. As existing effective vaccines of S.

Multiple Evolutionary Selections Involved in Synonymous Codon Usages in the Streptococcus agalactiae Genome.

Streptococcus agalactiae is an important human and animal pathogen. To better understand the genetic features and evolution of S. agalactiae, multiple factors influencing synonymous codon usage patterns in S.

Codon usage bias of the phosphoprotein gene of spring viraemia of carp virus and high codon adaptation to the host.

In this study, we calculated the relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) value and the effective number of codons (ENC) value to carry out principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis of the codon usage pattern of the phosphoprotein gene (P gene) of spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV). The synonymous codon usage pattern in P genes is geography-specific, based on PCA analysis. The high correlation between (G + C)1,2 % and (G + C)3 % suggests that mutational pressure rather than natural selection is the main factor that determines the codon usage and base components in P genes.