A Gallbladder-Specific Hydrophobic Bile Acid-FXR-MUC1 Signaling Axis Mediates Cholesterol Gallstone Formation.

Differences in the distribution of hydrophilic and hydrophobic bile acids (BA) are observed in mouse models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by a high-fat-cholesterol "Western-style" diet (WD), and cholesterol gallstone disease (CGD) induced by a lithogenic diet. Despite sharing common pathological processes, these models exhibit distinct characteristics in their BA pools. The study investigates the impact of hydrophobic BA (BA) and hydrophilic BA (BA) on CGD development using cytochrome-P450-2c70 knockout (C70-KO) mice (mice), genetically modified to resemble humans with a hydrophobic BA pool.

Characteristics of Mortality After Endovascular Thrombectomy in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Purpose: Despite significant advancements in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT), post-EVT mortality remains a considerable concern. However, there is a lack of real-world epidemiological data delineating the characteristics of mortality for EVT, particularly in recent years following the widespread promotion of EVT treatment for stroke patients.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study collected data from 721 AIS patients who died following EVT across 33 hospitals in Sichuan Province, China, from January 2019 to September 2022.

Strain hysteresis and Mullins effect of rubber vulcanizates with a reversible sacrificial network.

The incorporation of reversible sacrificial bonds is an important strategy for enhancing the mechanical properties of elastomers. However, the research on the viscoelasticity of vulcanized rubber with a reversible sacrificial bond network lags seriously. In this paper, the effects of metal coordination bonds on the mechanical properties of butadiene-styrene-vinylpyridine rubber vulcanizates (VPR) were systematically investigated.

Saline soil improvement promotes the transformation of microbial salt tolerance mechanisms and microbial-plant-animal ecological interactions.

The improvement of coastal saline land would alleviate the problem of insufficient arable land and provide new solutions for guaranteeing food security and ecological environment modification. In this study, five typical soil samples were collected from Tongzhou Bay, China. The changes in bacterial, animal and plant community composition before and after improvement were comprehensively investigated by a combination of high-throughput sequencing and macro-barcode sequencing analysis of eDNA.

The FGF23-Klotho axis promotes microinflammation in chronic kidney disease.

The management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health challenge. Elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), are associated with higher mortality rates in patients with CKD. Moreover, increased fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels are a strong predictor of adverse clinical outcomes in CKD.

A novel quantitative method for the determination of B-carrier boronophenylalanine in rat plasma by UHPLC-MS/MS and comparison with ICP-MS.

L-Boronophenylalanine (BPA), a widely used B carrier for clinical boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), was quantified in rat plasma through a simple, effective and stable ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method. Chromatographic separation was performed on an ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.

Expression and role of CNIH2 in prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men and poses a significant threat to global male health. Traditional prostate cancer assessment methods have certain limitations, necessitating the identification of new prognostic factors and treatment targets. Our study revealed that low expression of the cornichon family AMPA receptor auxiliary protein 2 (CNIH2) gene was associated with a better progression-free survival rate in prostate cancer patients.

Drugs causing prostate-specific antigen changes: the food and drug administration adverse event reporting system combined with Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in men worldwide, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is widely used for its early detection. Drug use may affect PSA levels, but the effect for most drugs is currently unknown.

Methods: This study first investigated drugs related to PSA changes through the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERs) database, and then used a Mendelian randomization (MR) method to explore the causal relationship between specific drugs and PSA changes using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) data.

Endovascular Treatment With or Without Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke Due to Tandem Occlusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Endovascular treatment (EVT) has been demonstrated to be effective for patients with tandem occlusion. The efficacy and safety of intravenous thrombolysis before EVT in patients with tandem occlusion remain debatable.

Methods And Results: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis with PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from inception to September 2023.

Unveiling the Role of Electric Double-Layer in Sulfur Catalysis for Batteries.

The metal-catalyzed sulfur reaction in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries usually suffers from the strong binding of sulfur species to the catalyst surface, which destroys the electric double layer (EDL) region there. This causes rapid catalyst deactivation because it prevents the desorption of sulfur species and mass transport through the EDL is hindered. This work introduces a competitive adsorption factor (f) as a new indicator to quantify the competitive adsorption of sulfur species in the EDL and proposes an alloying method to change it by strengthening the p-d hybridization of alloying metals with electrolyte solvents.

PRMT6-mediated ADMA promotes p62 phase separation to form a negative feedback loop in ferroptosis.

Due to intrinsic defensive response, ferroptosis-activating targeted therapy fails to achieve satisfactory clinical benefits. Though p62-Keap1-Nrf2 axis is activated to form a negative feedback loop during ferroptosis induction, how p62 is activated remains largely unknown. MTS assay was applied to measure cell growth.

A 32-Month Follow-Up Study of the Effect of APOE ε4 on the Whole Brain Connection in Young Healthy Individuals.

APOE ε4 is risk for cognitive decline even in normal aging, but its effect on the whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) among time in young adults remain elusive. This study aimed to validate the time-by-APOE ε4 interaction on brain FC of this specific population. Longitudinal changes in neuropsychological assessments and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in 26 ε4 carriers and 26 matched non-ε4 carriers were measured for about 3 years.

Distinct Assembly Patterns of Soil Antibiotic Resistome Revealed by Land-Use Changes over 30 Years.

Compared with the ever-growing information about the anthropogenic discharge of nutrients, metals, and antibiotics on the disturbance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), less is known about how the potential natural stressors drive the evolutionary processes of antibiotic resistance. This study examined how soil resistomes evolved and differentiated over 30 years in various land use settings with spatiotemporal homogeneity and minimal human impact. We found that the contents of soil organic carbon, nitrogen, soil microbial biomass, and bioavailable heavy metals, as well as related changes in the antibiotic resistome prevalence including diversity and abundance, declined in the order of grassland > cropland > bareland.

Outcomes and risk factors for infection after endovascular treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Aims: Infection is a common complication following acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and significantly contributes to poor functional outcomes after stroke. This study aimed to investigate the effects of infection after endovascular treatment (post-EVT infection) on clinical outcomes and risk factors in patients with AIS.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed AIS patients treated with endovascular treatment (EVT) between January 2016 and December 2022.

Maternal dietary copper deficiency induces cardiomyopathy and liver injury in mice by activating autophagy.

Maternal nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy result in birth defects and elevate the risk of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that deficiency of copper, a fundamental trace element involved in several pivotal physiological processes, promotes the onset of multiple diseases, notably heart and liver diseases. Yet, exploration into the effects of maternal copper deficiency (CuD) on offspring is still limited.

Efficacy and Safety of Nimotuzumab in Combination with Radiotherapy or Chemoradiotherapy for Local Advanced Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: The present meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adding nimotuzumab to radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Methods: Prospective randomized controlled studies at EMBASE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library from January 1, 2010, to October 1, 2022, were searched. Data on the overall survival (OS), progress-free survival (PFS), disease-free survival (DFS), complete response rate (CRR), objective response rate (ORR), and all grade adverse events were collected from the enrolled publications.

Research trends and hotspots of polyphyllin in high-incidence cancers: A bibliometric analysis.

Background: Polyphyllin, a natural compound derived primarily from the genus, manifests its anticancer properties. Extensive research on its therapeutic potential in cancers has been reported. However, there is no systematical analysis of the general aspects of research on polyphyllin by bibliometric analysis.

Time-dependent systolic blood pressure within 72 h after endovascular treatment in large vessel occlusion stroke.

Background: The association of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and ischemic stroke outcome has recently been proved to be varied at different time points within 72 h after acute ischemic stroke onset; however, the specific status of how SBP affects prognosis at different time points within 72 h after endovascular treatment (EVT) among patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) remains unclear.

Methods: Consecutive LVO patients treated with EVT were enrolled in our study. BP data were collected at eight time points (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, and 72 h post-EVT).

Is endovascular treatment still good for acute ischemic stroke in the elderly? A meta-analysis of observational studies in the last decade.

Background: The lack of randomized evidence makes it difficult to establish reliable treatment recommendations for endovascular treatment (EVT) in elderly patients. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the therapeutic effects of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke in the elderly compared with younger patients.

Methods: Comprehensive literature retrieval was conducted to identify studies that directly compared the outcomes of EVT in elderly patients and those aged <80 years.

Irisflorentin promotes bacterial phagocytosis and inhibits inflammatory responses in macrophages during bacterial infection.

Bacterial infection remains a big concern in the patients of ICU, which is the main cause of life-threatening organ dysfunction, or even sepsis. The poor control of bacterial infection caused by antibiotic resistance, etc. or the overwhelming immune response are the most important patho genic factors in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.