Micro-Macro Coupling Study on the Mechanical Properties of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Composites.

As a key and weak point of continuous fiber-reinforced composites (CFRCs), the interface between the fiber and the matrix is vulnerable to failure under external loads, with its performance directly affecting the overall properties of CFRCs. Hence, a micro-macro coupling method that considered the microscopic properties of the interface was utilized to analyze and predict the mechanical properties of CFRCs more accurately. The microscopic mechanical parameters of the fiber-matrix interface, which were obtained using molecular dynamics, were transferred to the representative volume element (RVE).

Deciphering the immunological and prognostic features of hepatocellular carcinoma through ADP-ribosylation-related genes analysis and identify potential therapeutic target ARFIP2.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies, and its prognosis and treatment outcome cannot be accurately predicted. ADP-ribosylation (ADPR) is a post-translationa modification of proteins involved in protein trafficking and immune response. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the ADPR-related genes associated with the prognosis and therapeutic efficacy of hepatocellular carcinoma treatments.

Primary adult choroid plexus carcinomas: a single-center experience with a systematic review.

Objective: Primary adult choroid plexus carcinomas (PACPCs) are extremely rare brain tumors. The existing literature primarily comprises case reports, which limits our understanding of this uncommon disease. This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics and prognosis of PACPCs, as well as to identify optimal treatment strategies.

The Interface Strengthening of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/Polylactic Acid Composites via the In-Loop Hybrid Manufacturing Method.

In this study, a new in-loop hybrid manufacturing method is proposed for fabricating multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs)/polylactic acid (PLA) composites. Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted in conjunction with experiments to reveal the mechanism of the proposed method for improving the interfacial performance of MWCNTs/PLA. The superposed gradients in the PLA chain activity and conformation due to the plasma-actuating MWCNTs promoted intermolecular interaction and infiltration between the MWCNTs and PLA chains, forming an MWCNTs-stress-transfer bridge in the direction perpendicular to the interlayer interface, and finally enhancing the performance of the composites.

Diffusion MRI is valuable in brainstem glioma genotyping with quantitative measurements of white matter tracts.

Objectives: To investigate the value of diffusion MRI (dMRI) in H3K27M genotyping of brainstem glioma (BSG).

Methods: A primary cohort of BSG patients with dMRI data (b = 0, 1000 and 2000 s/mm) and H3K27M mutation information were included. A total of 13 diffusion tensor and kurtosis imaging (DTI; DKI) metrics were calculated, then 17 whole-tumor histogram features and 29 along-tract white matter (WM) microstructural measurements were extracted from each metric and assessed within genotypes.

Classification of Brainstem Gliomas Based on Tumor Microenvironment Status.

The inter-tumor heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and how it correlates with clinical profiles and biological characteristics in brainstem gliomas (BSGs) remain unknown, dampening the development of novel therapeutics against BSGs. The TME status was determined with a list of pan-cancer conserved gene expression signatures using a single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and was subsequently clustered via consensus clustering. BSGs exhibited a high inter-tumor TME heterogeneity and were classified into four clusters: "immune-enriched, fibrotic", "immune-enriched, non-fibrotic", "fibrotic", and "depleted".

Improving the Mechanical Properties of CCFRPLA by Enhancing the Interface Binding Energy and Strengthening the Anti-Separation Ability of a PLA Matrix.

Additive manufacturing (AM) can produce almost any product shape through layered stacking. The usability of continuous fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP) fabricated by AM, however, is restricted owing to the limitations of no reinforcing fibers in the lay-up direction and weak interface bonding between the fibers and matrix. This study presents molecular dynamics in conjunction with experiments to explore how ultrasonic vibration enhances the performance of continuous carbon fiber-reinforced polylactic acid (CCFRPLA).

Outcomes of radial head fractures treated with pre-curved metacarpal plate.

Objective: To explore the clinical outcomes of MasonII/III radial head fractures without the neck involvement treated with pre-curved metacarpal plates.

Methods: Ninety cases of Mason typeII/III radial head fractures without the neck involvement were retrospectively collected from the department of orthopaedics of our hospital from September 2015 to May 2021. Group A (n = 44) underwent open reduction and internal fixation with pre-curved metacarpal plate, and Group B (n = 46) were fixed by traditional T-shaped plates.

Brainstem tumors may increase the impairment of behavioral emotional cognition in children.

Purpose: It remains unclear as to whether patients with brainstem tumor experience complex neuropsychiatric problems. In this cohort study, we specifically investigated behavioral, emotional and cognitive symptoms in pediatric patients with brainstem glioma and healthy individuals.

Methods: A total of 146 patients with pediatric brainstem tumors (aged 4-18 years old) and 46 age-matched healthy children were recruited to assess their behaviors and emotions examined by the Child Behavior Checklist.

White matter alterations in pediatric brainstem glioma: An national brain tumor registry of China study.

Background: Previous studies have identified alterations in structural connectivity of patients with glioma. However, white matter (WM) integrity measured by diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in pediatric patients with brainstem glioma (BSG) was lack of study. Here, the alterations in WM of patients with BSG were assessed through DKI analyses.

Adult diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: clinical, radiological, pathological, molecular features, and treatments of 96 patients.

Objective: Unlike its pediatric counterpart, adult diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) remains largely unelucidated. In this study, the authors examined the clinical, radiological, pathological, molecular, and clinical aspects of 96 adult DIPGs.

Methods: The National Brain Tumor Registry of China (April 2013-December 2019) was used to collect data on radiologically diagnosed adult DIPG patients.

Posterior pilon fracture treated by opening the fibula fracture gap.

Background: Posterior pilon fracture is a relatively common clinical fracture involving the posterior articular surface of the distal tibia. Currently, this form of fracture is receiving increasing attention. The surgical approach and technique for the treatment of posterior pilon fractures are still controversial.

Bottom-Up and Top-Down Attention Impairment Induced by Long-Term Exposure to Noise in the Absence of Threshold Shifts.

Objective: We aimed to assess the effect of noise exposure on bottom-up and top-down attention functions in industrial workers based on behavioral and brain responses recorded by the multichannel electroencephalogram (EEG).

Method: In this cross-sectional study, 563 shipyard noise-exposed workers with clinical normal hearing were recruited for cognitive testing. Personal cumulative noise exposure (CNE) was calculated with the long-term equivalent noise level and employment duration.

Establishment of an induced pluripotent stem cell line (JTUi003-A) from a patient with otosclerosis.

Otosclerosis is characterized by abnormal bone remodeling in the osseous labyrinth and progressive hearing loss. Although the etiology of otosclerosis is not fully understood, both environmental and genetic factors play important roles in its pathogenesis. Here, we generated an induced pluripotent stem cell line using episomal plasmid vectors from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a 48-year-old male with otosclerosis.

Surgical management and clinical outcomes of cerebellar liponeurocytomas-a report of seven cases and a pooled analysis of individual patient data.

Cerebellar liponeurocytomas (CLPNs) are very rare, with very few studies on this disease. Their treatment protocol also remains unclear. To better understand the disease, we reviewed the clinical features and outcomes, and proposed a treatment protocol based on previously reported cases as well as cases from our institute.

Analysis of Early Biomarkers Associated With Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Among Shipyard Workers.

Importance: It is important to determine what frequencies and auditory perceptual measures are the most sensitive early indicators of noise-induced hearing impairment.

Objectives: To examine whether hearing loss among shipyard workers increases more rapidly at extended high frequencies than at clinical frequencies and whether subtle auditory processing deficits are present in those with extensive noise exposure but little or no hearing loss.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study collected audiometric data (0.

Identifying genetic risk variants associated with noise-induced hearing loss based on a novel strategy for evaluating individual susceptibility.

Background: The overall genetic profile for noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) remains elusive. Herein we proposed a novel machine learning (ML) based strategy to evaluate individual susceptibility to NIHL and identify the underlying genetic risk variants based on a subsample of participants with extreme phenotypes.

Methods: Five features (age, sex, cumulative noise exposure [CNE], smoking, and alcohol drinking status) of 5,539 shipbuilding workers from large cross-sectional surveys were included in four ML classification models to predict their hearing levels.

Contribution of Audiogram Classification in Evaluating Vestibular Dysfunction in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss With Vertigo.

We aimed to identify the relationship between vertigo symptoms and the involvement of vestibular dysfunction in sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and the contribution of audiogram classification. A total of 50 patients with unilateral SSNHL were retrospectively divided into the vertigo group and non-vertigo group depending on the presence of vertigo. The involved vestibular end organs (VEOs) were verified by a battery of vestibular function tests including video head impulse test (vHIT), cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP), and ocular VEMP (oVEMP).

Steroid Administration Approach for Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A National Survey in China.

Objective: To optimize a protocol for the steroid administration approach for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) in China.

Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to otolaryngologists. The data on demographics, indications for first-line and salvage treatment, such as intratympanic administration of steroids (ITS) and postauricular steroids (PAS), and procedures were analyzed.

Glycyrrhizic Acid Inhibits Proliferation of Gastric Cancer Cells by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis.

Purpose: Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is the main active ingredient extracted from Chinese herb licorice root, and it shows anti-tumor effects in many cancer types, while its role in gastric cancer (GC) is still unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effects of GA on GC cells and explored the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: The anti-proliferation effect of GA on GC cells was assessed by CCK-8, colony formation, and EdU assay.

SQSTM1/p62 is involved in docosahexaenoic acid-induced cellular autophagy in glioblastoma cell lines.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is the most abundant n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in the human brain and works as an anticancer agent to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell lines. However, little is known about the connection between DHA and autophagy in GBM cells. We found that high-dose DHA caused cellular autophagy in cultured U251 and U118 GBM cell lines, but there was no effect with a low dose.

Complete genome sequence of N-fixing model strain sp. nov. M5al, which produces plant cell wall-degrading enzymes and siderophores.

The bacterial strain M5al is a model strain for studying the molecular genetics of N-fixation and molecular engineering of microbial production of platform chemicals 1,3-propanediol and 2,3-butanediol. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of the strain M5al, which belongs to a novel species closely related to . M5al secretes plant cell wall-degrading enzymes and colonizes rice roots but does not cause soft rot disease.

Propulsion and Chemotaxis in Bacteria-Driven Microswimmers.

Despite the large body of experimental work recently on biohybrid microsystems, few studies have focused on theoretical modeling of such systems, which is essential to understand their underlying functioning mechanisms and hence design them optimally for a given application task. Therefore, this study focuses on developing a mathematical model to describe the 3D motion and chemotaxis of a type of widely studied biohybrid microswimmer, where spherical microbeads are driven by multiple attached bacteria. The model is developed based on the biophysical observations of the experimental system and is validated by comparing the model simulation with experimental 3D swimming trajectories and other motility characteristics, including mean squared displacement, speed, diffusivity, and turn angle.

Multifunctional Bacteria-Driven Microswimmers for Targeted Active Drug Delivery.

High-performance, multifunctional bacteria-driven microswimmers are introduced using an optimized design and fabrication method for targeted drug delivery applications. These microswimmers are made of mostly single Escherichia coli bacterium attached to the surface of drug-loaded polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) microparticles with embedded magnetic nanoparticles. The PEM drug carriers are 1 μm in diameter and are intentionally fabricated with a more viscoelastic material than the particles previously studied in the literature.