High Hole Mobility van der Waals Junction Field-Effect Transistors Based on Te/GaAs for Multimode Photodetection and Logic Applications.

Recently, interface scattering and low mobility have significantly impeded the performance of two-dimensional (2D) P-type transistors. 2D semiconductor tellurium (Te) has garnered significant interest owing to its unique atomic chain crystal structure, which confers ultrahigh hole mobility. van der Waals heterojunction enhances transistor performance by reducing scattering at the gate-channel interface, attributed to its high-quality interface.

Prevalence of needlestick injuries in dental assistants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Needlestick injuries (NSIs) are recognised as a major occupational health concern for health care workers, particularly dental assistants who frequently handle sharp instruments. However, little attention has been paid to this vulnerable group. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the prevalence of NSIs among dental assistants and identify associated risk factors to promote the safety level of dental assistants and the development of prevention strategies.

Impact of Radiation Therapy Techniques on Hippocampal Doses and Psychological Status in Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) on hippocampal radiation dosage and psychological status in patients newly diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Patients And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 269 NPC patients who received initial treatment between January 2013 and April 2022. Patients were categorized into the IMRT group and the VMAT group based on the radiotherapy technique employed.

Simulation of Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Suitable Wintering Habitat for Hooded Crane () Under Climate and Land Use Change Scenarios.

In the context of global warming and intensified human activities, the loss and fragmentation of species habitats have been exacerbated. In order to clarify the trends in the current and future suitable wintering areas for hooded cranes (), the MaxEnt model was applied to predict the distribution patterns and trends of hooded cranes based on 94 occurrence records and 23 environmental variables during the wintering periods from 2015 to 2024. The results indicated the following.

Interface phonon transport in nanomaterials: numerical methods and modulation strategies.

The thermal properties of interfaces in nanomaterials are critical for various technological applications, including thermal management in electronic and photonic devices, thermoelectric conversion and thermal insulation. Recent advancements in numerical simulation tools (the non-equilibrium Green's approach, the Boltzmann transport equation and the Monte Carlo method, molecular dynamics simulations) have significantly enhanced our understanding of phonon transport and scattering processes in nanomaterials. These advances have led to the discovery of new thermal interfacial materials and enabled precise modulation of phonon thermal conductance to achieve desired thermal performance.

Safety study on adverse events of zanubrutinib based on WHO-VigiAccess and FAERS databases.

Objective: The study endeavors to elucidate AE signals associated with zanubrutinib data from the WHO-VigiAccess and FAERS databases. The aim is to furnish robust scientific evidence to inform clinical practice and regulatory decisions.

Methods: We meticulously extracted all AE breports tied to zanubrutinib from the both databases, encompassing the period from the drug's market introduction until 30 April 2024.

The prevalence of oral mucositis after radiotherapy in patients with Head and Neck Cancer and its associated factors: a meta-analysis.

Objectives: Although the discussion about oral mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) patients has become a prominent issue, its incidence and influencing factors have not been thoroughly synthesized. This meta-analysis aims to integrate the prevalence and associated factors of radiation-induced oral mucositis among HNC patients.

Methods: This study searched the following electronic databases: PubMed, the Cochrane Database, the Web of Science, EMBASE, CNKI, the Wanfang Database, and the VIP Database.

Development of fibroblast activation protein-α radiopharmaceuticals: Recent advances and perspectives.

Fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP) has emerged as a promising target in the field of radiopharmaceuticals due to its selective expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and other pathological conditions involving fibrosis and inflammation. Recent advancements have focused on developing FAP-specific radioligands for diagnostic imaging and targeted radionuclide therapy. This perspective summarized the latest progress in FAP radiopharmaceutical development, highlighting novel radioligands, preclinical evaluations, and potential clinical applications.

Atomic-Thin WS Kirigami for Bidirectional Polarization Detection.

The assembly and patterning engineering in two-dimensional (2D) materials hold importance for chip-level designs incorporating multifunctional detectors. At present, the patterning and stacking methods of 2D materials inevitably introduce impurity instability and functional limitations. Here, the space-confined chemical vapor deposition method is employed to achieve state-of-the-art kirigami structures of self-assembled WS, featuring various layer combinations and stacking configurations.

F-Labeled PET Tracers Specific for Adenosine A Receptor: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation.

By modifying the structures of targeted AR antagonists and tracers, novel compounds , , , , and BIBD-399 were designed and synthesized. In vitro inhibition experiments demonstrated that , , and BIBD-399 have high affinity for AR. and [F]BIBD-399 were successfully synthesized.

Design of Novel F-Labeled Amino Acid Tracers Using Sulfur F-Fluoride Exchange Click Chemistry.

[F]Gln-OSOF, [F]Arg-OSOF, and [F]FSY-OSOF were designed by introducing sulfonyl F-fluoride onto glutamine, arginine, and tyrosine, respectively. [F]FSY-OSOF can be prepared directly by sulfur F-fluoride exchange, while [F]Gln-OSOF and [F]Arg-OSOF require a two-step labeling method. Those tracers retain their typical transport characteristics for unmodified amino acids.

The importance of biofilm contamination control for dental unit waterlines: a multicenter assessment of the microbiota diversity of biofilm in dental unit waterlines.

Background: The biofilm formation in Dental Unit Waterlines (DUWLs) could become an important cause of infection during dental care, which could put immunocompromised individuals at risk of cross-infection. The aim of this study was to characterize the microbial communities of biofilms among DUWLs using high-throughput sequencing technology.

Methods: Twenty-nine biofilm samples were obtained from 24 dental chair units at 5 hospitals and 2 dental clinics.

Enhanced HER Efficiency of Monolayer MoS via S Vacancies and Nano-Cones Array Induced Strain Engineering.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS) has gained significant attention as a promising catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The catalytic performance of MoS can be enhanced by either altering its structure or regulating external conditions. In this study, a novel approach combining the introduction of sulfur vacancy (V) and biaxial tensile strain to create more active sites and modulate the band structure of monolayer MoS is proposed.

Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of F-Labeled Tracers Targeting Fibroblast Activation Protein for Brain Imaging.

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is closely related to central nervous system diseases such as stroke and brain tumors, but PET tracers that can be used for brain imaging have not been reported. Here, we designed, synthesized, and evaluated F-labeled UAMC1110 derivatives suitable for brain imaging targeting FAP. By substituting the F atom for the H atom on the aromatic ring of compound UAMC1110, - were designed and prepared.

Correlation between hippocampal radiation doses and psychological condition for patients with stage T1-2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background And Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the correlation between radiation doses to the hippocampi and the psychological status of patients with stage T1-2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) undergoing intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and recommend proper hippocampal dose limits for preserving patients' psychological well-being.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted involving 152 newly diagnosed NPC patients. The patients' psychological status was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) before and after radiotherapy.

Diverse nature of the seasonally coastal eutrophication dominated by oceanic nutrients: An eco-system based analysis characterized by salmon migration and aquaculture.

Previously, studies of coastal eutrophication have usually focused on the nutrients input from adjacent land sectors, such as rivers, submarine-ground discharges, and atmospheric depositions. Here we report two examples of well-managed seasonal eutrophication phenomena in coastal marine environments, where nutrients come predominantly from offshore: one by humans and the other by nature (higher trophic animals). In the Sanggou Bay of North China, the total amount of incoming nutrients from the open Yellow Sea is taken up by seaweeds.

The effect of side substitution and quantum interference on the performance of molecular thermoelectric devices: a brief review.

In recent years, researchers have shown great interest in organic thermoelectric materials that are economical, efficient, lightweight, and environmentally friendly. With advancements in experimental measurement techniques and theoretical calculations, investigations of the thermoelectric properties of molecular devices have become feasible. To regulate the thermoelectric properties of molecular devices, many strategies have been proposed.

High Thermoelectric Performance of a Novel -PbSnX (X = S, Se, Te) Monolayer: Predicted Using First Principles.

Two-dimensional (2D) group IV metal chalcogenides are potential candidates for thermoelectric (TE) applications due to their unique structural properties. In this paper, we predicted a 2D monolayer group IV metal chalcogenide semiconductor γ-PbSn (X = S, Se, Te), and first-principles calculations and Boltzmann transport theory were used to study the thermoelectric performance. We found that γ-PbSnX had an ultra-high carrier mobility of up to 4.

Construction of a risk model and deep learning network based on patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and pulmonary inflammation.

Most patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) are difficult to be differentiated from pneumonia (PN), especially those with acid-fast bacillus smear-negative (AFB) and interferon-γ release assay-positive (IGRA) results. Thus, the aim of the present study was to develop a risk model of low-cost and rapid test for the diagnosis of AFB IGRA TB from PN. A total of 41 laboratory variables of 204 AFB IGRA TB and 156 PN participants were retrospectively analyzed.

Fast carrier diffusion synergistic effects between lithium-ions and polarons in rutile TiO.

Carrier mobility in titanium dioxide (TiO) systems is a key factor for their application as energy materials, especially in solar cells and lithium-ion batteries. Studies on the diffusion of Li-ions and polarons in rutile TiO systems have attracted extensive attention. However, how their interaction affects the diffusion of Li-ions and electron polarons is largely unclear and related studies are relatively lacking.

Synthesis and In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of F-Labeled Positron Emission Tomography Tracers for Imaging Aβ Plaques.

Accurate quantification of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques is an important indicator for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and treatment. For this purpose, new highly sensitive Aβ tracers were designed by regulating the position and number of nitrogen atoms. A series of derivatives of florbetapir (AV45) containing different numbers and positions of atoms were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro affinity and in vivo biodistribution.

Nonrelativistic Spin-Momentum Coupling in Antiferromagnetic Twisted Bilayers.

Spin-momentum coupling, which depends strongly on the relativistic effect of heavy elements in solids, is the basis of many phenomena in spintronics. In this Letter, we theoretically predict nonrelativistic spin-momentum coupling in two-dimensional materials. By proposing magnetic symmetry requirements for spin splitting in two-dimensional systems, we find that a simple twisting operation can realize nonrelativistic spin splitting in antiferromagnetic bilayers.

The use of multiplex imaging techniques to characterize tuberculous granuloma heterogeneity.

Caseous granulomas are pathological hallmarks of tuberculosis (TB), and increasing evidence suggests that TB granuloma composition is highly temporally and spatially heterogenous in both animal models and humans. Traditional pathological techniques are limited in their ability to reveal the heterogeneity present in TB granulomas. Multiplex tissue imaging tools combined with powerful, high resolution spatial analysis have enabled the detection of various cell phenotypes, aiding in the visualization of the granuloma complex and revealing the interactions between immune cells and nonimmune cells.

Prevalence of dental anxiety among adults in China: a Meta-analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the prevalence of dental anxiety in Chinese adults and to provide references for decision making on oral healthcare.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Ebsco, Embase, The Cochrane Library, WanFang Data, CNKI, and VIP database to collect cross-sectional studies on dental anxiety in Chinese adults from the establishment of the databases to 30 September 2022. After literature screening, data extraction, and evaluation of the risk of bias in the included studies by two researchers independently, R 4.