Molecular Epidemiology and Clinical Aspects of Dermatophytosis in Guiyang, Southwest China (2017-2023): A Single-Institution Retrospective Study.

Epidemiological studies combining taxonomic and clinical data have been limited globally, particularly Guiyang, the most under-developed economic provincial capital city in southwestern China. A retrospective analysis was performed of dermatophyte epidemiology involving all culture-positive cases received between May 2017 and May 2023 at the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted on 391 dermatophyte isolates collected from patients using the rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequences.

Maternal Exposure to Polystyrene Nanoplastics Disrupts Spermatogenesis in Mouse Offspring by Inducing Overexpression in Undifferentiated Spermatogonia.

Undifferentiated spermatogonia (Undiff-SPG) plays a critical role in maintaining continual spermatogenesis. However, the toxic effects and molecular mechanisms of maternal exposure to nanoplastics on offspring Undiff-SPG remain elusive. Here, we utilized a multiomics combined cytomorphological approach to explore the reproductive toxicity and mechanisms of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) on offspring Undiff-SPG in mice after maternal exposure.

Oral-Delivery Lactococcus lactis expressing cherry fusion lactoferrin peptides against infection of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in chickens.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) infections result in significant economic losses and reduced animal welfare. Historically, antibiotics and vaccinations currently control APEC infections in poultry, however, antibiotic-resistant strains and heterologous serotypes limit their effectiveness. Meanwhile, antibiotic-resistant strains can be transmitted to humans via contact with animals, food or their environment.

IPEC-J2 Autophagy Induced by TLR4 and NSP6 Interactions Facilitate Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Replication.

Autophagy is an important cellular response against intracellular pathogens. However, some viruses have evolved mechanisms to hijack this defensive process to provide favorable conditions for virus replication in host cells. The porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has been shown to alter autophagy pathways; however, it is still unknown through which receptors PEDV induces autophagy in IPEC-J2 cells, whether autophagy facilitates PEDV replication, and which functional domains of PEDV proteins are primarily responsible for inducing autophagy.

The Confinement Behavior and Mechanistic Insights of Organic Phase Change Material Encapsulated in Wood Morphology Genetic Nanostructures for Thermal Energy Storage.

Wood, a renewable and abundant biomass resource, holds substantial promise as an encapsulation matrix for thermal energy storage (TES) applications involving phase change materials (PCMs). However, practical implementations often reveal a disparity between observed and theoretical phase change enthalpy values of wood-derived composite PCMs (CPCMs). This study systematically explores the confinement behavior of organic PCMs encapsulated in a delignified balsa wood matrix with morphology genetic nanostructure, characterized by a specific surface area of 25.

Association between hypothyroidism and metabolic syndrome in Qinghai, China.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hypothyroidism in Qinghai Province, analyze its related influencing factors, establish the normal reference range of thyroid function, and explore the relationship between thyroid hormone (THs), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in Qinghai population within the normal range, so as to provide some scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hypothyroidism in Qinghai Province.

Methods: A total of 2790 residents aged 18 and over from Qinghai were selected through stratified cluster random sampling. Data were collected via questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory tests.

DNA Nanopatch-Specific Modification of Probiotics for Ultrasound-Triggered Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy.

Probiotics offer promising results for treating inflammatory bowel disease, yet precision therapy remains challenging, particularly in manipulating probiotics spatially and temporally and shielding them from oxidative stress. To address these limitations, herein we synthesized bacteria-specific DNA nanopatches to modify ultrasound-triggered engineered Nissle 1917. These probiotics produced the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 when stimulated by ultrasound and were fortified with DNPs for oxidative stress resistance.

Orally administered recombinant Lactobacillus expressing PEDV neutralizing antibody protects piglets against PEDV infection.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly contagious coronavirus, causing fatal acute diarrhea in suckling pigs, with mortality rates as high as 100 % in 7-day-old piglets. Due to the challenge of quickly establishing effective active immunity, the main strategy for protecting piglets from PEDV infection relies on antibodies, particularly neutralizing antibodies, to provide passive immune protection. In this study, a recombinant Lactobacillus strain for secreting the Fab fragment of neutralizing antibody against PEDV was constructed (pPG-Fab/J31).

ATF3 as a response factor to regulate Cd-induced reproductive damage by activating the NRF2/HO-1 ferroptosis pathway.

Cadmium (Cd) has garnered significant attention due to reproductive toxicity in inducing ferroptosis. However, the specific mechanisms underlying Cd-induced germ cell ferroptosis remain poorly understood. This study aimed to systematically explore the molecular mechanisms of germ cell ferroptosis by investigating differential changes in transcription factors and proteins in male mice treated orally with CdCl (0.

Health behaviors at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence for indirect effects of subjective social status via psychological distress.

Subjective social status (SSS), the perception of one's social standing compared to others in society, and socioeconomic status (SES) are interconnected but distinct determinants of health. Intermediary factors such as distress and health behaviors can contribute to this relationship. This pre-registered study hypothesized that, in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, nonspecific psychological distress would indirectly link SSS and SES to perceived changes in three health behaviors: sleep quality, physical activity, and alcohol consumption.

High-Entropy Materials for Application: Electricity, Magnetism, and Optics.

High-entropy materials (HEMs) have recently emerged as a prominent research focus in materials science, gaining considerable attention because of their complex composition and exceptional properties. These materials typically comprise five or more elements mixed approximately in equal atomic ratios. The resultant high-entropy effects, lattice distortions, slow diffusion, and cocktail effects contribute to their unique physical, chemical, and optical properties.

ATP synthase subunit ATP5B interacts with TGEV Nsp2 and acts as a negative regulator of TGEV replication.

Coronavirus nonstructural protein 2 (Nsp2) is regarded as a virulence determinant and plays a critical role in virus replication, and innate immunity. Screening and identifying host cell proteins that interact with viral proteins is an effective way to reveal the functions of viral proteins. In this study, the host proteins that interacted with transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) Nsp2 were identified using immunoprecipitation combined with LC-MS/MS.

Impacts of Acculturation on Depressive Symptoms and Activities of Daily Living of U.S. Older Chinese Immigrants.

Background And Objectives: Acculturation is a critical aspect of social experience for immigrants, including Asian immigrants. Existing literature has shown mixed findings on the health impacts of acculturation and largely relied on cross-sectional studies, preventing drawing definitive conclusions. This study aimed to examine the long-term effects of acculturation on depressive symptoms and activities of daily living (ADL) limitations in a large sample of older Chinese immigrants in the United States.

Screening optimal DC-targeting peptide to enhance the immune efficacy of recombinant expressing RHDV VP60.

Dendritic cells (DCs) present an ideal target for delivering immunogenic cargo due to their potent antigen-presenting capabilities. This targeting approach holds promise in vaccine development by enhancing the efficiency of antigen recognition and capture by DCs. To identify a high-affinity targeting peptide binding to rabbit DCs, rabbit monocyte-derived DCs (raMoDCs) were isolated and cultured, and a novel peptide, HS (HSLRHDYGYPGH), was identified using a phage-displayed peptide library.

New-Style Logic Operation and Neuromorphic Computing Enabled by Optoelectronic Artificial Synapses in an MXene/Y:HfO Ferroelectric Memristor.

Today's computing systems, to meet the enormous demands of information processing, have driven the development of brain-inspired neuromorphic systems. However, there are relatively few optoelectronic devices in most brain-inspired neuromorphic systems that can simultaneously regulate the conductivity through both optical and electrical signals. In this work, the Au/MXene/Y:HfO/FTO ferroelectric memristor as an optoelectronic artificial synaptic device exhibited both digital and analog resistance switching (RS) behaviors under different voltages with a good switching ratio (>10).

Epidemiologic features and therapeutic strategies of kerion: A nationwide multicentre study.

Background: Kerion is a severe type of tinea capitis that is difficult to treat and remains a public health problem.

Objectives: To evaluate the epidemiologic features and efficacy of different treatment schemes from real-world experience.

Methods: From 2019 to 2021, 316 patients diagnosed with kerion at 32 tertiary Chinese hospitals were enrolled.

Comparison of craniomaxillofacial morphology in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate treated with/without presurgical nasoalveolar molding - a retrospective study with a mean age of 5 years.

Objectives: To three-dimensionally assess differences in craniomaxillofacial skeletal development in patients with operated unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) treated with/without presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) with a mean age of 5 years.

Materials And Methods: Cone-beam CT radiographs of 30 patients with UCLP who had undergone PNAM and 34 patients with UCLP who did not receive PNAM were analyzed. The data were stored in DICOM file format and were imported into the Dolphin Imaging program for 3D image reconstruction and landmark identification.

Comparison of Facial Aesthetic Evaluation Given by Patients with Cleft Lip and/or Palate and Professionals: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To compare the differences of facial aesthetic evaluation between patients with Cleft Lip and/or Palate (CL/P) and professionals for the treatment outcome of CL/P.

Design: This systematic review was conducted on MedLine, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library databases. The Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Intervention (ROBINS-I) tool was used to evaluate the included researches.