Oscillatory mechanoluminescence of Mn-doped SrZnOS in dynamic response to rapid compression.

Photon emission may be continuously produced from mechanical work through self-recoverable mechanoluminescence (ML). Significant progress has been made in high-performance ML materials in the past decades, but the rate-dependent ML kinetics remains poorly understood. Here, we have conducted systematic studies on the self-recoverable ML of Mn-doped SrZnOS (SrZnOS: Mn) under rapid compression up to ~10 GPa.

Molecular Hydride Superconductor BiH with up to 91 K at 170 GPa.

In pursuit of high- hydride superconductors, the molecular hydrides have attracted less attention because the hydrogen quasimolecules are usually inactive for superconductivity. Here, we report on the successful synthesis of a novel bismuth hydride superconductor 2/-BiH at pressures around 170-180 GPa. Its structure comprises bismuth atoms and elongated hydrogen molecules with a H-H bond length of 0.

The role of Wnt3a/β-catenin/TCF7L2 pathway in diabetes and cardiorenal complications.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prevalent chronic disease that is becoming increasingly common worldwide and can lead to a number of dangerous complications. The Wnt signaling pathway is important for the onset and progression of diabetes. Wnt3a is a typical Wnt ligand that can increase the stability of β-catenin, control TCF7L2 expression, promote β-cell proliferation, and reduce apoptosis.

Discovery of novel phenyl urea SHP2 inhibitors with anti-colon cancer and potential immunomodulatory effects.

Src Homology-2 Domain Containing Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-2 (SHP2) is a non-receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), which is recognized as potential and attractive cancer therapeutic target. Currently, no SHP2 inhibitors have been approved for clinical use, and colorectal cancer (CRC) cells exhibited frequent resistance to reported SHP2 inhibitors, such as SHP099 and TNO155. Herein, we reported our discovery and optimization of phenyl urea as novel SHP2 inhibitors.

Th17/Treg cell balance in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma: a new potential biomarker and therapeutic target.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common subtype of thyroid carcinoma. The most effective treatment for PTC is surgical resection, and patients who undergo surgery have good survival outcomes, but some patients have distant metastasis or even multiorgan metastases at the time of initial diagnosis. Distant metastasis is associated with poorer prognosis and a higher mortality rate.

CT-based radiomics model for predicting perineural invasion status in gastric cancer.

Purpose: Perineural invasion (PNI) is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in gastric cancer (GC) patients. This study aimed to develop and validate predictive models based on CT imaging and clinical features to predict PNI status in GC patients.

Methods: This retrospective study included 291 GC patients (229 in the training cohort and 62 in the validation cohort) who underwent gastrectomy between January 2020 and August 2022.

Cation reactivity inhibits perovskite degradation in efficient and stable solar modules.

Perovskite solar modules (PSMs) show outstanding power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), but long-term operational stability remains problematic. We show that incorporating -dimethylmethyleneiminium chloride into the perovskite precursor solution formed dimethylammonium cation and that previously unobserved methyl tetrahydrotriazinium ([MTTZ]) cation effectively improved perovskite film. The in situ formation of [MTTZ] cation increased the formation energy of iodine vacancies and enhanced the migration energy barrier of iodide and cesium ions, which suppressed nonradiative recombination, thermal decomposition, and phase segregation processes.

Discovery of small molecules for autophagy-lysosome degradation of immune checkpoint proteins.

Targeted protein degradation (TPD) technologies, particularly proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs), have emerged as a promising branch of targeted therapy. Current ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent TPD technologies are limited to targeting intracellular proteins. Although the blockade of immune checkpoints has achieved great clinical success, most immune checkpoints are transmembrane proteins, which are difficult to be ubiquitinated and degraded by PROTACs.

Inhibiting S-palmitoylation arrests metastasis by relocating Rap2b from plasma membrane in colorectal cancer.

Rap2b, a proto-oncogene upregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC), undergoes protein S-palmitoylation at specific C-terminus sites (C176/C177). These palmitoylation sites are crucial for Rap2b localization on the plasma membrane (PM), as mutation of C176 or C177 results in cytosolic relocation of Rap2b. Our study demonstrates that Rap2b influences cell migration and invasion in CRC cells, independent of proliferation, and this activity relies on its palmitoylation.

Prediction of CD8+T lymphocyte infiltration levels in gastric cancer from contrast-enhanced CT and clinical factors using machine learning.

Background: CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration is closely associated with the prognosis and immunotherapy response of gastric cancer (GC). For now, the examination of CD8 infiltration levels relies on endoscopic biopsy, which is invasive and unsuitable for longitude assessment during anti-tumor therapy.

Purpose: This work aims to develop and validate a noninvasive workflow based on contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) images to evaluate the CD8+ T-cell infiltration profiles of GC.

Selenium nanoparticles alleviates cadmium induced hepatotoxicity by inhibiting ferroptosis and oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro.

Cadmium (Cd) is an important environmental toxicant that could cause serious damage to various organs including severe hepatotoxicity in intoxicated animals. Selenium has been reported to possess the protective effects against Cd toxicity, but the specific mechanism is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects and mechanism of chitosan coated selenium nanoparticles (CS-SeNPs) against Cd-induced hepatotoxicity in animal and cellular models.

Pig Weight Estimation Method Based on a Framework Combining Mask R-CNN and Ensemble Regression Model.

Using computer vision technology to estimate pig live weight is an important method to realize pig welfare. But there are two key issues that affect pigs' weight estimation: one is the uneven illumination, which leads to unclear contour extraction of pigs, and the other is the bending of the pig body, which leads to incorrect pig body information. For the first one, Mask R-CNN was used to extract the contour of the pig, and the obtained mask image was converted into a binary image from which we were able to obtain a more accurate contour image.

Reducing nonradiative recombination for highly efficient inverted perovskite solar cells via a synergistic bimolecular interface.

Reducing interface nonradiative recombination is important for realizing highly efficient perovskite solar cells. In this work, we develop a synergistic bimolecular interlayer (SBI) strategy via 4-methoxyphenylphosphonic acid (MPA) and 2-phenylethylammonium iodide (PEAI) to functionalize the perovskite interface. MPA induces an in-situ chemical reaction at the perovskite surface via forming strong P-O-Pb covalent bonds that diminish the surface defect density and upshift the surface Fermi level.

Thermal Warning and Shut-down of Lithium Metal Batteries Based on Thermoresponsive Electrolytes.

The thermal runaway issue represents a long-standing obstacle that retards large-scale applications of lithium metal batteries. Various approaches to inhibit thermal runaway suffer from some intrinsic drawbacks, either being irreversible or delayed thermal protection. Herein, this work has explored thermo-responsive lower critical solution temperature (LCST) ionic liquid-based electrolytes, which provides reversible overheating protection for batteries with warning and shut-down stages, well corresponding to an initial stage of thermal runaway process.

Melatonin activates Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway to antagonizes oxidative stress-induced injury via melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) in cryopreserved mice ovarian tissue.

Our previous research has shown that melatonin (MLT) can reduce cryopreserved ovarian damage in mice. Yet, the molecular mechanism of MLT protection is still unclear. Some studies have shown that melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) is very important for animal reproductive system.

Evaluation of MASLD Fibrosis, FIB-4 and APRI Score in MASLD Combined with T2DM and MACCEs Receiving SGLT2 Inhibitors Treatment.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the relationship between Sodium Glucose Co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) treatment and fibrosis in patients with Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) combined with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCEs).

Methods: A case-control study was conducted, involving 280 patients with MASLD combined with T2DM treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2014 to October 2023. Among these patients, 135 received SGLT2i treatment.

LCST ion gels fabricating "all-in-one" smart windows: thermotropic, electrochromic and power-generating.

Smart windows always respond to single stimuli, which cannot satisfy various needs in practical applications. Smart windows that integrate thermotropic, electrochromic and power-generating functions in one device is highly challenging yet important in satisfying on-demand light modulation and energy efficiency in practical applications. Herein, a thermoresponsive lower critical solution temperature (LCST) ion gel was fabricated a facile polymerization of butyl acrylate in a conventional ionic liquid to explore "all in one" smart windows.

Fine-grained recognition of bitter gourd maturity based on Improved YOLOv5-seg model.

Bitter gourd, being perishable, requires timely harvesting. Delayed harvesting can result in a substantial reduction in fruit quality. while premature harvesting leads to underdeveloped fruit and decreased yields, the continuous flowering pattern in bitter gourd underscores the significance of accurately assessing fruit growth and ensuring timely harvesting for subsequent fruit setting and development.

Expert Consensus on Prevention and Treatment of Aging-Related Gonadal Dysfunction.

Aging-related hypogonadism involves complex mechanisms in humans, predominantly relating to the decline of multiple hormones and senile gonads. Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) and erectile dysfunction (ED) are the main manifestations in men, while premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and menopause are the main forms in women. Anti-aging measures include lifestyle modification and resistance training, hormonal supplementation, stem cell therapy, metformin, and rapamycin.

Beyond inhibition against the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway: development of PD-L1 inhibitors targeting internalization and degradation of PD-L1.

Tumor cells hijack the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) pathway to suppress the immune response through overexpressing PD-L1 to interact with PD-1 of T cells. With in-depth ongoing research, tumor-intrinsic PD-L1 is found to play important roles in tumor progression without interaction with PD-1 expressed on T cells, which provides an additional important target and therapeutic approach for development of PD-L1 inhibitors. Existing monoclonal antibody (mAb) drugs against the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway generally behave by conformationally blocking the interactions of PD-1 with PD-L1 on the cell surface.

Decision analysis of PPP project's parties based on deep consumer participation.

Although PPP(Public-private partnership) mode has been applied for a long time in infrastructural project, the success rate is not very high. The sustainability of PPP projects is still influenced by many factors. In order to examine the evolutionary stable strategies (ESSs) of social capital, government, and paying consumers, a tripartite evolutionary game model is established in this work.

Care, control and complications of hospitalised patients with type 1 diabetes in China: A nationwide-based registry study.

Aims: To evaluate the status quo of type 1 diabetes (T1D) management and characteristics of hospitalised patients with T1D in China through a nationwide multicentre registry study, the China Diabetes Type 1 Study (CD1S).

Materials And Methods: Clinical data from the electronic hospital records of all people with T1D were retrospectively collected in 13 tertiary hospitals across 7 regions of China from January 2016 to December 2021. Patients were defined as newly diagnosed who received a diagnosis of diabetes for less than 3 months.