Ionizing Radiation-Induced Brain Cell Aging and the Potential Underlying Molecular Mechanisms.

Population aging is occurring rapidly worldwide, challenging the global economy and healthcare services. Brain aging is a significant contributor to various age-related neurological and neuropsychological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Several extrinsic factors, such as exposure to ionizing radiation, can accelerate senescence.

Neuroprotective Effects of Berry on Neurobehavioral Changes and Neuronal Loss in the Hippocampus of Mice Exposed to Acute Ionizing Radiation.

Brain exposure to ionizing radiation during the radiotherapy of brain tumor or metastasis of peripheral cancer cells to the brain has resulted in cognitive dysfunction by reducing neurogenesis in hippocampus. The water extract of berry (Lyc), containing water-soluble polysaccharides and flavonoids, can protect the neuronal injury by reducing oxidative stress and suppressing neuroinflammation. To demonstrate the long-term radioprotective effect of Lyc, we evaluated the neurobehavioral alterations and the numbers of NeuN, calbindin (CB), and parvalbumin (PV) immunopositive hippocampal neurons in BALB/c mice after acute 5.

Circular RNAs in cell cycle regulation: Mechanisms to clinical significance.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a type of non-coding RNA, are single-stranded circularized molecules characterized by high abundance, evolutionary conservation and cell development- and tissue-specific expression. A large body of studies has found that circRNAs exert a wide variety of functions in diverse biological processes, including cell cycle. The cell cycle is controlled by the coordinated activation and deactivation of cell cycle regulators.

A case of gynandromorphy in Ducetia japonica (Thunberg, 1815) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae).

In this paper, we described an example of gynandromorphy in a katydid, Ducetia japonica. Its color is brown, while normal individuals are green. Its left maxilla is smaller, and left maxillary palpus is shorter.

Astroglial connexins in epileptogenesis.

The astroglial network connected through gap junctions assembling from connexins physiologically balances the concentrations of ions and neurotransmitters around neurons. Astrocytic dysfunction has been associated with many neurological disorders including epilepsy. Dissociated gap junctions result in the increased activity of connexin hemichannels which triggers brain pathophysiological changes.

[Emission Characteristics of Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicle Exhaust Based on Acceleration Simulation Mode].

In this study, 127 light-duty gasoline cars and 10 light-duty gasoline trucks with different emission standards were selected to explore the influences of different conditions and vehicle parameters on the emission characteristics of carbon dioxide (CO), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO), hydrocarbons (HC), and methane (CH) using a portable emission measurement system based on a chassis dynamometer under acceleration simulation mode. The results showed that the gaseous pollutants of light-duty gasoline vehicles displayed a relatively lower emission rate under the idle condition, which accounted for only 22.9% and 25.

Astroglial Connexins in Neurological and Neuropsychological Disorders and Radiation Exposure.

Radiotherapy is a common treatment for brain and spinal cord tumors and also a risk factor for neuropathological changes in the brain leading to different neurological and neuropsychological disorders. Astroglial connexins are involved in brain inflammation, development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), depressive, epilepsy, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and are affected by radiation exposure. Therefore, it is speculated that radiation-induced changes of astroglial connexins may be related to the brain neuropathology and development of neurological and neuropsychological disorders.

Traditional Chinese Medicine in Neuroprotection after Brain Insults with Special Reference to Radioprotection.

With rapidly increased construction of nuclear power plants worldwide to reduce energy shortage and subsequent environment contamination, routine use of radiotherapy and radiodiagnosis equipment in the clinical medicine, the research on the health effect of radiation exposure has become a very important area to explore. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) may be an ideal candidate therapy as it usually produces fewer side effects even with long-term administration. In this paper, we reviewed current therapeutic approaches to prevent radiation-induced brain neuropathological and functional changes.

Radioprotective effect of epimedium on neurogenesis and cognition after acute radiation exposure.

The radioprotective effect of herb epimedium (or yin yang huo) extract (5 g/kg, oral administration daily for 4 weeks) on neurogenesis and cognition after acute radiation exposure with 5.5 Gy was evaluated in Balb/c mice by behavioral tests and immunohistochemical study. The results indicated that epimedium extract could improve animal weight loss, locomotor activity and spatial learning and memory which are similar to pre-irradiation intraperitoneal injection (100 mg/kg) of amifostine phosphate, a well- known radioprotective drug.

[Analysis of malaria epidemiological characteristics in Hechi City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2005 to 2015].

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Hechi City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2005 to 2015, so as to provide the evidence for formulating and adjusting measures of malaria elimination.

Methods: The data of malaria cases in 11 counties of Hechi City from 2005 to 2015 were collected and analyzed by using Micro-soft Office Excel 2003 and SPSS 17.0.