A roadmap from the bond strength to the grain-boundary energies and macro strength of metals.

Correlating the bond strength with the macro strength of metals is crucial for understanding mechanical properties and designing multi-principal-element alloys (MPEAs). Motivated by the role of grain boundaries in the strength of metals, we introduce a predictive model to determine the grain-boundary energies and strength of metals from the cohesive energy and atomic radius. This scheme originates from the d-band characteristics and broken-bond spirit of tight-binding models, and demonstrates that the repulsive/attractive effects play different roles in the variation of bond strength for different metals.

Clinical features and prognostic nomogram for therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML), which develops after cytotoxic therapy, has a poorer prognosis. Although allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a potential cure, its efficacy varies among patients. In this retrospective study, we analyzed 154 patients with t-AML who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) at our institution to determine their clinical characteristics and develop a prognostic nomogram.

Molecular Clip Strategy of Modified Sulfur Cathodes for High-Performance Potassium Sulfur Batteries.

Potassium-sulfur (K-S) batteries are severely limited by the sluggish reaction kinetics of the cyclooctasulfur (cyclo-S) electrode with low conductivity, which urgently requires a novel cathode to facilitate activity to improve sulfur utilization. In this study, using the wet chemistry method, the molecular clip of Li is created to replace cyclo-S molecular with the highly active chain-like S molecular. The molecular clip strategy effectively lowers the reaction barrier in potassium-sulfur systems, and the stretching of S─S bonds weakens the binding between sulfur atoms, facilitating the transformation of potassium polysulfides (KPSs).

Interfacial Metal Oxides Stabilize Cu Oxidation States for Electrocatalytical CO Reduction.

Modulating the oxidation state of copper (Cu) is crucial for enhancing the electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CORR), particularly for facilitating deep reductions to produce methane (CH) or multi-carbon (C) products. However, Cu sites are thermodynamically unstable, fluctuating their oxidation states under reaction conditions, which complicates their functionality. Incorporating interfacial metal oxides has emerged as an effective strategy for stabilizing these oxidation states.

Classifying synoptic patterns driving tornadic storms and associated spatial trends in the United States.

Severe convective storms and tornadoes rank among nature's most hazardous phenomena, inflicting significant property damage and casualties. Near-surface weather conditions are closely governed by large-scale synoptic patterns. It is crucial to delve into the involved multiscale associations to understand tornado potential in response to climate change.

A PFM-Based Calibration Method for Low-Power High-Linearity Digital Pixel.

The nonlinearity problem of digital pixels restricts the reduction in power consumption at the pixel-level circuit. The main cause of nonlinearity is discussed in this article and low power consumption is attained by reducing the static current in capacitive transimpedance amplifiers (CTIAs) and comparators. Linearity was successfully improved through the use of an off-chip calibration method.

Hollow Salt Prepared Through Spray Drying with Alginate Enhances Salinity Perception to Reduce Sodium Intake.

Currently, high-salt diets have become one of the world's biggest dietary crisis and long-term high-salt diets are seriously detrimental to human health. In response to this situation, the present study proposed a saltiness enhancement strategy using alginate, which is a dietary fibre from brown algae and has many health benefits, such as regulating intestinal microbiota, anti-hypertension and anti-obesity. The comparison of alginates with different viscosities showed that alginate of 1000-1500 cps at a concentration of 1.

Genome-Wide Scans for Selection Signatures in Ningxia Angus Cattle Reveal Genetic Variants Associated with Economic and Adaptive Traits.

The genetic improvement of beef cattle breeds is crucial for the advancement of the beef cattle industry. Whole-genome resequencing technology has been widely applied in genetic breeding as well as research on selection signatures in beef cattle. In this study, 20× whole-genome resequencing was performed on 282 Angus cattle from the Ningxia region, and a high-quality dataset encompassing extensive genomic variations across the entire genome was constructed.

A distinct alternative mRNA splicing profile identifies the oncogenic CD44 transcript variant 3 in KMT2A-rearranged pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), which constitutes of 10-15% of all pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases, is known for its complex pathology due to pervasive genetic and chromosomal abnormalities. Although most children are successfully cured, chromosomal rearrangements involving the KMT2A gene is considered a poor prognostic factor. In a cohort of 171 pediatric T-ALL samples, we have studied differences in gene and splice variant patterns in KMT2A-rearranged (KMT2A-r) T-ALL compared with KMT2A-negative (KMT2A-wt) T-ALL samples.

A cellulosic fibre foam as a bicycle helmet impact liner for brain injury mitigation in oblique impacts.

Bulky cellulosic network structures (BRC) with densities between 60 and 130 g/l were investigated as a sustainable alternative to fossil-based foams for impact liners in bicycle helmets. The mechanical properties of BRC foams were characterized across a wide range of strain rates and incorporated into a validated finite element model of a hardshell helmet. Virtual impact tests simulating both consumer information and certification scenarios were conducted to compare BRC-lined helmets against conventional expanded polystyrene (EPS) designs.

Oxidative balance scores and gallstone disease: mediating effects of oxidative stress.

Background: Gallstone disease (GSD) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder, few studies have examined the combined effects of dietary and lifestyle factors on GSD. This study aims to investigate the relationship between oxidative balance score (OBS) and GSD, and explores the potential mediating role of oxidative stress.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from 6,196 participants in the NHANES 2017-2020 were analyzed.

Interpretable CT Radiomics-based Machine Learning Model for Preoperative Prediction of Ki-67 Expression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Rationale And Objectives: To develop and externally validate interpretable CT radiomics-based machine learning (ML) models for preoperative Ki-67 expression prediction in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods: 506 patients were retrospectively enrolled from three independent institutes and divided into the training (n=357) and external test (n=149) sets. Ki67 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and categorized into low (<15%) and high (≥15%) expression groups.

A Nomogram for Predicting Perirenal Hematoma After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.

Backgroud: Perirenal hematoma (PRH) is a notable complication following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) with significant implications for patient outcomes. This study aimed to develop a nomogram predictive model for PRH after PCNL.

Methods: Retrospective data from patients who underwent PCNL were analyzed.

Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 Induces Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase-stimulator of Interferon Genes Pathway Dysregulation to Promote Immune Escape of Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third globally in cancer incidence and mortality, posing a significant human concern. Recent advancements in immunotherapy are noteworthy. This study explores immune modulation for CRC treatment.

Targeting Pancreatic Cancer Cell Stemness by Blocking Fibronectin-Binding Integrins on Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts.

Simultaneous targeting of two integrins that function as receptors for FN, a protumor ECM protein, can prevent fibroblasts from supporting the malignant behavior of pancreatic cancer cells.

Controls of the Nucleation Rate and Advection Rate on Barite Precipitation in Fractured Porous Media.

Mineral precipitation is ubiquitous in natural and engineered environments, such as carbon mineralization, contaminant remediation, and oil recovery in unconventional reservoirs. The precipitation process continuously alters the medium permeability, thereby influencing fluid transport and subsequent reaction kinetics. The diversity of preferential precipitation zones controls flow and transport efficiency as well as the capacity of mineral sequestration and immobilization.

Profile of intestinal fungal microbiota in acute pancreatitis patients and healthy individuals.

Objective: The gut is involved in the development of acute pancreatitis (AP). Increased focus is being given to the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of AP. Nevertheless, there is currently no available evidence regarding the composition of fungal microorganisms in the intestines of patients with AP.

Confining CoSe/MoSe Heterostructures in Interconnected Carbon Polyhedrons for Superior Potassium Storage.

Metal selenides hold promise as feasible anode materials for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs), but still face problems such as poor potassium storage kinetics and dramatic volume expansion. Coupling heterostructure engineering with structural design could be an effective strategy for rapid and stable K storage. Herein, CoSe/MoSe heterojunction encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon polyhedron and further interconnected by three-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (CoMoSe@NCP/NCFs) is ingeniously constructed.

Genetic and clinical analysis of in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Background: Considerable heterogeneity in genotypes and phenotypes has been observed among patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) harbouring optineurin gene () mutations, as reported in prior studies. The study aimed to elucidate the correlation between genotypes and phenotypes.

Methods: gene variants were screened within a substantial Chinese cohort of patients with ALS, encompassing LoF and rare missense variants.

Molecular phylogeny and morphology reveal three new plant pathogenic fungi species (Septobasidiales, Basidiomycota) from China.

Three new fungal species, , and , are proposed based on a combination of the morphological features and molecular evidence. The taxon is characterized by the coriaceous basidiomata with a cream surface, cylindrical basidia, straight, 4-celled, subglobose or ovoid probasidia and thin-walled, narrowly cylindrical basidiospores with septa, measuring as 7-9 × 3.5-4.

Affinity Peptide-Based Circularly Permuted Fluorescent Protein Biosensors for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Diagnosis.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the predominant form of lung cancer and poses a significant public health challenge. Early detection is crucial for improving patient outcomes, with serum biomarkers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCAg), and cytokeratin fragment 19 (CYFRA 21-1) playing a critical role in early screening and pathological classification of NSCLC. However, due to being mainly based on corresponding antibody binding reactions, existing detection technologies for these serum biomarkers have shortcomings such as complex operations, high false positive rates, and high costs.

Polyvinyl Butyral Addition Effects on Notched Charpy Impact Strength of Injection-Molded Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene.

Glass short fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (GSFRTPs) are a cost-effective alternative to other short fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (SFRTPs). Their excellent mechanical properties make them a suitable material for components that require rigidity and light weight in widely diverse fields, including transportation and office automation equipment. The melt-mixing process is used to shorten glass fibers.

A Thermal Cycler Based on Magnetic Induction Heating and Anti-Freezing Water Cooling for Rapid PCR.

Distinguished by its exceptional sensitivity and specificity, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a pivotal technology for pathogen detection. However, traditional PCR instruments that employ thermoelectric cooling (TEC) are often constrained by cost, efficiency, and performance variability resulting from the fluctuations in ambient temperature. Here, we present a thermal cycler that utilizes electromagnetic induction heating at 50 kHz and anti-freezing water cooling with a velocity of 0.

Integrated Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome in the Brain After Cold Stress of Red Tilapia During Overwintering.

Cold stress during overwintering is considered a bottleneck problem limiting the development of the red tilapia ( spp.) industry, and the regulation mechanism is currently not well understood. In this study, the fish (initial weight: 72.