Complex Large-Deformation Multimodality Image Registration Network for Image-Guided Radiotherapy of Cervical Cancer.

In recent years, image-guided brachytherapy for cervical cancer has become an important treatment method for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer, and multi-modality image registration technology is a key step in this system. However, due to the patient's own movement and other factors, the deformation between the different modalities of images is discontinuous, which brings great difficulties to the registration of pelvic computed tomography (CT/) and magnetic resonance (MR) images. In this paper, we propose a multimodality image registration network based on multistage transformation enhancement features (MTEF) to maintain the continuity of the deformation field.

Nanoparticle Vaccine Triggers Interferon-Gamma Production and Confers Protective Immunity against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus.

The swine industry annually suffers significant economic losses caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Because the available commercial vaccines have limited protective efficacy against epidemic PRRSV, there is an urgent need for innovative solutions. Nanoparticle vaccines induce robust immune responses and have become a promising direction in vaccine development.

Tetraspanin CD81 serves as a functional entry factor for porcine circovirus type 2 infection.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the primary causative agent of porcine circovirus-associated disease, clinically resulting in immunosuppression and co-infections with other pathogens in infected pigs. The mechanism of PCV2 infection remains unclear. In this study, we firstly found that the tetraspanin CD81 in PK-15 cells interacts with PCV2 Cap protein by using virus overlay protein-binding assay combined with mass spectrometry.

Genome-wide analysis of abnormal splicing regulators and alternative splicing involved in immune regulation in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with complex clinical manifestations and no current cure. Alternative splicing (AS) plays a key role in SLE by regulating immune-related genes, but its genome-wide regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. To investigate the involvement of abnormal splicing regulators and AS events in the immune regulation of SLE.

The biofunction of in intestinal-related diseases.

Intestinal homeostasis is essential for maintaining human health, and its dysfunction is related to the onset and progression of various diseases, including immune and metabolic disorders, and even tumorigenesis. Intestinal microbiota plays a critical role in intestinal homeostasis, with () emerging as a key commensal bacterium utilizing mucin as its sole carbon and nitrogen source. has been recognized in both experimental and clinical studies for its beneficial role in managing intestinal inflammation, tumors, functional gastrointestinal disorders, and secondary conditions such as liver and metabolic diseases.

Effects of childhood trauma on sustained attention in major depressive disorder: the mediating role of brain activity and functional connectivity.

Background: Sustained attention deficits were reported more significant in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) than in healthy controls (HCs), and are pivotal in both the development and aggravation of depression. Childhood trauma is also common in MDD and the exposure to childhood trauma may impede sustained attention and increase the treatment resistance in MDD. However, the underlying neuro-mechanisms link the childhood trauma to sustained attention deficits in MDD remain unclear.

ARSOD-YOLO: Enhancing Small Target Detection for Remote Sensing Images.

Remote sensing images play a vital role in domains including environmental monitoring, agriculture, and autonomous driving. However, the detection of targets in remote sensing images remains a challenging task. This study introduces innovative methods to enhance feature extraction, feature fusion, and model optimization.

Thermal Modulation of Exciton Recombination for High-Temperature Ultra-Long Afterglow.

Developing smart materials with tunable high-temperature afterglow (HTA) luminescence remains a formidable challenge. This study presents a metal-free doping system using boric acid as matrix and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as dopants. This composition achieves dynamically tunable afterglow combining a bright blue HTA lasting for over ten seconds even at 150 °C and an ultra-long yellow room-temperature phosphorescence below 110 °C.

Endoscopic maxillary sinus drainage combined with buccal fat pad flaps for repairing large oroantral fistulas in patients with odontogenic maxillary sinusitis.

Background: Oroantral fistula (OAF) is a pathological channel formed between the oral cavity and the maxillary sinus. A large size of OAF (≥5 mm) increases the risk of surgical failure, and an optimal surgical approach should be cautiously selected.

Objective: This study aims to characterize the application of nasal endoscopy and buccal fat pad (BFP) flaps to repair large OAFs in patients with odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (OMS).

Prior Knowledge-Guided U-Net for Automatic CTV Segmentation in Postmastectomy Radiotherapy of Breast Cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to design and evaluate a prior-knowledge-guided U-Net (PK-UNet) for automatic clinical target volume (CTV) segmentation in postmastectomy radiotherapy for breast cancer.

Methods And Materials: A total of 102 computed tomography (CT) scans from breast cancer patients who underwent postmastectomy were retrospectively collected. Of these, 80 scans were used for training with 5-fold cross-validation, and 22 scans for independent testing.

Effects of Genetic Polymorphism in the Gene on Milk Fat Traits and Relevance to Lipid Metabolism in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells.

Milk fat is an important indicator for evaluating milk quality and a symbol of the core competitiveness of the dairy industry. It can be improved through genetic and feed management factors. Interferon alpha-inducible protein 27 () was found to be differentially expressed when comparing the transcriptome in high- and low-fat bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) in our previous research.

Dosimetric evaluation of different cylinder diameters in three-dimensional vaginal brachytherapy for early-stage endometrial cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the dosimetric, radiobiological, and toxicity differences between different cylinder diameters (d) in high-dose-rate three-dimensional computed-tomography-guided vaginal brachytherapy (VBT) for early-stage endometrial cancer (EC).

Methods: From January 2019 to January 2024, postoperative EC patients treated with exclusive VBT using cylinders were classified by the cylinder diameter (d ≤ 2.6 cm: small-size; d ≥ 3.

Research on optical interferometric imaging with flexible control using optical fibers and PIC chip.

We propose a prototype called a flexible integrated resolution and efficient light-imaging-expanded synthetic system (FIREFLIES). This paper describes the design, manufacturing, and experimental demonstration of the proposed system. FIREFLIES enables interferometric imaging at approximately 1550 nm using a variable baseline sampling technique, in which the baseline-collected light field forms interference fringes that are captured by an on-chip photodetector.

Enhancing transmission and coupling efficiency in Cassegrain optical systems with four-petal Gaussian beams.

This study investigates the propagation characteristics of four-petal Gaussian beams through Cassegrain optical systems. With the properties of this new type of beam, the problem of masking loss in the Cassegrain optical system can be well solved. Analytical expressions of the optical field for beams after propagating the optical system are derived, considering atmospheric turbulence effects and random jitter on coupling efficiency.

Discovery of the synergy between sulindac and NO expands the application of NSAIDs in cardiac complications.

Cardiac inflammation, a pathological cornerstone in cardiac dysfunction, triggers diastolic impairment, leading to profound myocardial hypoxia. This hypoxic state serves as a potent stimulus for the amplification of inflammatory mediator release, ultimately limiting the therapeutic potential of monotherapies. To address this challenge, compounds that integrate non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with nitric oxide (NO) donors was synthesized.

Lower DTI-ALPS index in patients with major depressive disorder: Correlation with fatigue.

Background And Purpose: Diffusion tensor imaging along perivascular spaces (DTI-ALPS) is an index that may provide insights into intracranial waste clearance processes. Glymphatic system dysfunction has been suggested to play a role in the development of major depressive disorder (MDD). Additionally, fatigue-a common precursor of MDD-is also closely connected to the waste clearance function of the central nervous system (CNS), further underscoring the significance of efficient waste removal in MDD.

AMBRA1 controls the translation of immune-specific genes in T lymphocytes.

T cell receptor (TCR) engagement causes a global cellular response that entrains signaling pathways, cell cycle regulation, and cell death. The molecular regulation of mRNA translation in these processes is poorly understood. Using a whole-genome CRISPR screen for regulators of CD95 (FAS/APO-1)-mediated T cell death, we identified AMBRA1, a protein previously studied for its roles in autophagy, E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, and cyclin regulation.

Distinct effects of physical and functional ablation of brown adipose tissue on T3-dependent pathological cardiac remodeling.

Heart failure tends to deteriorate in colder climates, heightening the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) serves as both a thermogenic organ and an atypical site for triiodothyronine (T3) synthesis in response to cold. This study investigates the potential role of BAT in contributing to abdominal aortic constriction (AAC)-induced pathological cardiac remodeling during cold exposure.

Delivery room resuscitation and short-term outcomes in very preterm infants: a multicenter cross-sectional study in China.

Objective: To explore the risk factors of delivery room (DR) resuscitation and assess the association of DR resuscitation with neonatal outcomes in very preterm infants (VPIs).

Methods: A multicenter retrospective cross-sectional study included VPIs with gestational age (GA) <32 weeks born between January, 2022 and June, 2023 and admitted to neonatal intensive care units of six tertiary hospitals in Shenzhen within 24 h after birth. They were divided into routine care group, positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) group, and endotracheal intubation (ETT) group based on the highest intensity of resuscitation received at birth.

Association of neuroimaging measures with facial emotional processing in healthy adults: a task fMRI study.

Investigating the neural processing of emotion-related neural circuits underlying emotional facial processing may help in understanding mental disorders. We used two subscales of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) to assess the emotional cognitive of 25 healthy participants. A higher score indicates greater difficulty in emotional perception.