Lithocholic acid binds TULP3 to activate sirtuins and AMPK to slow down ageing.

Lithocholic acid (LCA) is accumulated in mammals during calorie restriction and it can activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to slow down ageing. However, the molecular details of how LCA activates AMPK and induces these biological effects are unclear. Here we show that LCA enhances the activity of sirtuins to deacetylate and subsequently inhibit vacuolar H-ATPase (v-ATPase), which leads to AMPK activation through the lysosomal glucose-sensing pathway.

Lithocholic acid phenocopies anti-ageing effects of calorie restriction.

Calorie restriction (CR) is a dietary intervention used to promote health and longevity. CR causes various metabolic changes in both the production and the circulation of metabolites; however, it remains unclear which altered metabolites account for the physiological benefits of CR. Here we use metabolomics to analyse metabolites that exhibit changes in abundance during CR and perform subsequent functional validation.

Dynamic changes in serum adenosine and the adenosine metabolism-based signature for prognosis in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients.

Aims: Adenosine metabolism in the breast cancer microenvironment is critical for tumor immunity. However, the prognostic significance of adenosine in breast cancer remains unclear. We aimed to dynamically monitor serum adenosine levels in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients and to explore its predictive significance in trastuzumab therapy.

Effects of acupuncture at limb Acupoints-Guangming (GB37) on UDVA, CS, and EEG microstate in myopia.

Introduction: Acupuncture is beneficial in improving visual function for myopi periocular acupoints Taiyang can improve contrast sensitivity (CS). In this study, we aim to further investigate the impact of acupuncture at the limbs acupoints-Guangming(GB37) acupoint on visual function, and the neural mechanism of acupuncture at the GB37 acupoint improving visual function through electroencephalography (EEG) microstate.

Methods: A total of 22 myopia were recruited.

Characteristics and driving factors of spatiotemporal changes in soil erosion in the karst plateau mountainous region over 20 years.

Soil erosion is one of the main issues that endangers global ecosystems. This study explored the spatiotemporal distribution of soil erosion and its drivers in the karst plateau mountainous region. A detailed examination of topography, soil, vegetation, land use, and precipitation data from 2000 to 2020 was conducted in Bijie City using the revised universal soil loss equation model.

Dosimetric effects of the leaf positioning error of the halcyon(2.0) dual-layer multileaf collimator (MLC) on the rectal cancer radiotherapy.

To study dosimetric effects of leaf positioning errors (LPEs) of the Halcyon(2.0) dual-layer MLC on the long-course chemoradiotherapy (LCCRT) with 45∼50.4 Gy in 25∼28 fractions for rectal cancer.

Icariin ameliorates Coxsackievirus B3-induced viral myocarditis by modulating the S100 calcium binding protein A6/β-catenin/c-Myc signaling pathway.

Background: Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a leading cause of viral myocarditis and is currently lacking specific pharmacological treatments, highlighting the critical need for therapeutic development. Icariin (ICA), a prenylated flavonol glycoside, was previously found to exhibit several pharmacological effects, but its potential to combat CVB3 remains uninvestigated.

Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate the anti-CVB3 efficacy of ICA and elucidate its molecular mechanisms.

Revisiting the Evolution of Multi-Scale Structures of Starches with Different Crystalline Structures During Enzymatic Digestion.

Porous starch has been created through hydrolysis by amyloglucosidase and α-amylase. However, little information is known about the precise evolution of multi-scale structures of starch during digestion. In this study, rice starch and potato starch, containing different crystalline structures, were hydrolyzed by amyloglucosidase and α-amylase for 20 and 60 min, respectively, and their resulting structural changes were examined.

Early sedation using ciprofol for intensive care unit patients requiring mechanical ventilation: a pooled post-hoc analysis of data from phase 2 and phase 3 trials.

Background: Ciprofol was approved for use in intensive care unit (ICU) patients requiring sedation during mechanical ventilation in July 2022. A pooled post-hoc analysis of phase 2 and phase 3 trials was conducted primarily to explore hypotension-free outcome in ICU patients who required mechanical ventilation and achieved the target light sedation goal at an early stage after being sedated with ciprofol or propofol.

Methods: All eligible ICU patients who were expected to require sedation for 6-24 h were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to either a ciprofol or propofol group.

USE OF MUSCULAR ULTRASOUND TO DETECT INTENSIVE CARE UNIT-ACQUIRED WEAKNESS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS.

Background : This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to detecting performance of muscular ultrasound for intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired weakness (ICUAW). Methods : We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane library, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases for articles published before July 2024. A random-effects model was utilized to derive the summary estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).

Significant feature suppression and cross-feature fusion networks for fine-grained visual classification.

The technique of extracting different distinguishing features by locating different part regions to achieve fine-grained visual classification (FGVC) has made significant improvements. Utilizing attention mechanisms for feature extraction has become one of the mainstream methods in computer vision, but these methods have certain limitations. They typically focus on the most discriminative regions and directly combine the features of these parts, neglecting other less prominent yet still discriminative regions.

Cecal necroptosis triggers lethal cardiac dysfunction in TNF-induced severe SIRS.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induces systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and severe SIRS can serve as a model for studying animal death caused by organ failure. Through strategic cecectomy, we demonstrate that necroptosis in the cecum initiates the death process in TNF-treated mice, but it is not the direct cause of death. Instead, we show that it is the cardiac dysfunction downstream of cecum damage that ultimately leads to the death of TNF-treated mice.

as a predictive biomarker and its association with the infiltration of immune cells in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lactate dehydrogenase A () plays a crucial role in the final step of anaerobic glycolysis, converting L-lactate and NAD to pyruvate and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). Its high expression has been linked to tumorigenesis and patient survival in various human cancers. However, the full implications of 's role and its correlation with clinicopathological features in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) remain to be fully understood.

Evaluation of the long-term protection conferred by an organosilicon-based disinfectant formulation against bacterial contamination of surfaces.

Aims: The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of an organosilicon-based, commercially available antimicrobial formulation in the My-shield® product line against bacterial surface contamination.

Methods And Results: The antimicrobial product was tested in vitro for its long-term persistence on surfaces and effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms in comparison to 70% ethanol and 0.1% or 0.

Impact of diatomit on the transport behavior of unmodified and carboxyl-modified nanoplastics in saturated porous media.

Due to the extensive use of plastic products and unreasonable disposal, nanoplastics contamination has become one of the important environmental problems that mankind must face. The composition and structure of porous media can determine the complexity and diversity of the transport behavior of nanoplastics. In this study, the influence of diatomite (DIA) on the nanoplastics transport in porous media is investigated by column experiments combined with XDLVO interaction energy and transport model.

Disciplining a Rubidium Atomic Clock Based on Adaptive Kalman Filter.

Rubidium atomic clocks have been used extensively in various fields, with applications such as a core component of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). However, they exhibit inherently poor long-term stability. This paper presents the development of a control system for rubidium atomic clocks.

Heat Stability Assessment of Milk: A Review of Traditional and Innovative Methods.

It is important to differentiate milk with different thermostabilities for diverse applications in food products and for the appropriate selection of processing and maintenance of manufacturing facilities. In this review, an overview of the chemical changes in milk subjected to high-temperature heating is given. An emphasis is given to the studies of traditional and state-of-the-art strategies for assessing the milk thermostability, as well as their influencing factors.

Experimental study on the direct firing of ceramic ware using concentrated solar energy.

In this study, we developed a solar ceramic kiln to address the problem of CO emissions caused by traditional ceramic ware firing processes. Ceramic specimens were fired using the proposed setup, and their properties were compared with those of an electric-fired ceramic cup (ECC). The solar-fired ceramic cup (SCC) exhibited no cracks on its surface.