Fluorescence enhancement of cyanine/hemicyanine dyes with adamantane as an auxochrome through host-guest inclusion with methylated cyclodextrin in water.

Fluorescence of cyanine dyes is often quenched in aqueous solution, limiting their application in water or biological system. In this work, a novel strategy of host-guest interaction based on cyanine derivatives containing auxochromes was proposed to enhance fluorescence in aqueous solution and cell imaging. By using the host (methylated β-cyclodextrin, M-β-CD) to inclusion and suppress the TICT effect of the dye, the fluorescence was significantly enhanced at lower host concentration.

Inhibition of lung tumorigenesis by transient reprogramming in cancer cells.

Oncogenic transformation and Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc (OSKM)-mediated induction of pluripotency are two independent and incompatible cellular fates. While continuous expression of OSKM can convert normal somatic cells into teratogenic pluripotent cells, it remains speculative what is the impact of transient OSKM expression in cancer cells. Here, we find that OSKM expression limits the growth of transformed lung cells by inducing apoptosis and senescence.

Treatment experience for different risk groups of Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma.

Background: Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare vascular tumor with a high risk of mortality. Few studies with large samples of KHE have been reported. KHE may develop into the Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP), which is characterized by thrombocytopenia and consumptive coagulopathy.

Cucurbit[7]uril as the host of adamantane-modified dyes for fluorescence enhancement in aqueous environments.

Taking advantage of the excellent host-guest complexation ability between an auxochrome (adamantane group) and CB[7], the fluorescence emission performance of dyes in water was effectively improved with the addition of two equivalents of CB[7], which provided an efficient method for increasing fluorescence intensity in aqueous environments. Furthermore, these dyes with the host were successfully used in cell imaging.

An Indocyanine Green-Based Nanoprobe for In Vivo Detection of Cellular Senescence.

There is an urgent need to improve conventional cancer-treatments by preventing detrimental side effects, cancer recurrence and metastases. Recent studies have shown that presence of senescent cells in tissues treated with chemo- or radiotherapy can be used to predict the effectiveness of cancer treatment. However, although the accumulation of senescent cells is one of the hallmarks of cancer, surprisingly little progress has been made in development of strategies for their detection in vivo.

Why Shot Noise Does Not Generally Detect Pairing in Mesoscopic Superconducting Tunnel Junctions.

The shot noise in tunneling experiments reflects the Poissonian nature of the tunneling process. The shot-noise power is proportional to both the magnitude of the current and the effective charge of the carrier. Shot-noise spectroscopy thus enables us, in principle, to determine the effective charge q of the charge carriers of that tunnel.

Improved emission performance of benzo[]phenoxazine in aqueous solution through host-guest interaction.

To evaluate the contribution of host-guest chemistry in fluorescence enhancement under aqueous conditions, two benzo[]phenoxazine derivatives with the adamantyl group were prepared. After they formed stable complexes with methyl-β-cyclodextrin, their emissions at 625-825 nm were greatly increased and fluorescence quantum yields reached 11.5-12.

Fluorescence Enhancement of Adamantane-Modified Dyes in Aqueous Solution via Supramolecular Interaction with Methyl-β-cyclodextrin and Their Application in Cell Imaging.

The fluorescence of functional dyes was generally quenched in aqueous solution, which hindered their application in water-bearing detections. In this work, a novel strategy based on host-guest interaction was provided for the purpose of fluorescence enhancement in aqueous solution and cell imaging. Three adamantane-modified fluorescent dyes (Coum-Ad, NP-Ad, NR-Ad) with coumarin, 1,8-naphthalimide and Nile Red as fluorophores were initially designed and prepared.

Viscosity probes towards different organelles with red emission based on an identical hemicyanine structure.

A series of viscosity probes targeting different organelles were obtained using a single hemicyanine dye as the matrix structure. Specifically, probes 1a-d were obtained by introducing four amines (6-amino-2-chromen-2-one, -(2-aminoethyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide, dodecan-1-amine and , diphenylbenzene-1,4-diamine) into the indole hemicyanine dye of the carboxylic acid with a D-π-A structure. Their maximum absorption wavelengths were in the range 570-586 nm and they had relatively large molar absorption coefficients, while their maximum emission wavelengths in the red light region were in the range 596-611 nm.

The SWI/SNF complex member SMARCB1 supports lineage fidelity in kidney cancer.

Lineage switching can induce therapy resistance in cancer. Yet, how lineage fidelity is maintained and how it can be lost remain poorly understood. Here, we have used CRISPR-Cas9-based genetic screening to demonstrate that loss of SMARCB1, a member of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, can confer an advantage to clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cells upon inhibition of the renal lineage factor PAX8.

Multiple organelle-targeted 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives for detecting the polarity of organelles.

Four 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives (1a-1d) with different organelle targeting abilities were obtained using the Knoevenagel condensation reaction of 1,8-naphthyridine with 4-(,-diethylamino)benzaldehyde (2a), 4-(,-diphenylamino)benzaldehyde (2b), 4-(piperazin-1-yl)benzaldehyde (2c) and 4-(ethyl(4-formylphenyl)amino)--(2-((4-methylphenyl)sulfonamido)ethyl)butanamide (2d), respectively. The maximal absorption bands of dyes 1a-1d were observed at 375-447 nm, while their maximum emission peaks were situated at 495-605 nm. The optical properties showed that the fluorescence emission of dyes 1a-1d is shifted toward greater wavelengths as the system polarity (Δ) increased.

ESIPT-based fluorescent enhanced probes prompted by methylated β-cyclodextrin for the detection of thiophenols.

Thiophenol and its derivatives are compounds with high toxicity to organisms and environmental pollution, so it is necessary to detect the level of thiophenols in the environment and biological samples. The probes 1a-b were obtained by introducing the 2,4-dinitrophenyl ether group into diethylcoumarin-salicylaldehyde based compounds. And they can form host-guest compounds with methylated β-cyclodextrin (M-β-CD), the association constants of inclusion complexes are 49.

Single-electron charge transfer into putative Majorana and trivial modes in individual vortices.

Majorana bound states are putative collective excitations in solids that exhibit the self-conjugate property of Majorana fermions-they are their own antiparticles. In iron-based superconductors, zero-energy states in vortices have been reported as potential Majorana bound states, but the evidence remains controversial. Here, we use scanning tunneling noise spectroscopy to study the tunneling process into vortex bound states in the conventional superconductor NbSe, and in the putative Majorana platform FeTeSe.

Clearance of senescent macrophages ameliorates tumorigenesis in KRAS-driven lung cancer.

The accumulation of senescent cells in the tumor microenvironment can drive tumorigenesis in a paracrine manner through the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Using a new p16-FDR mouse line, we show that macrophages and endothelial cells are the predominant senescent cell types in murine KRAS-driven lung tumors. Through single cell transcriptomics, we identify a population of tumor-associated macrophages that express a unique array of pro-tumorigenic SASP factors and surface proteins and are also present in normal aged lungs.

Puddle formation and persistent gaps across the non-mean-field breakdown of superconductivity in overdoped (Pb,Bi)SrCuO.

The cuprate high-temperature superconductors exhibit many unexplained electronic phases, but the superconductivity at high doping is often believed to be governed by conventional mean-field Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory. However, it was shown that the superfluid density vanishes when the transition temperature goes to zero, in contradiction to expectations from Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory. Our scanning tunnelling spectroscopy measurements in the overdoped regime of the (Pb,Bi)SrCuO high-temperature superconductor show that this is due to the emergence of nanoscale superconducting puddles in a metallic matrix.

Conjugated structures based on quinazolinones and their application in fluorescent labeling.

As an alkaloid, quinazolinone exhibits excellent biological properties; structurally, it also has the potential to construct fluorescent probes with conjugated structures. In this work, probes 5a-c and 6b were obtained by introducing quinazolone into aldehydes with different numbers of double bonds. Their absorption maxima were located at 420-540 nm and their emission maxima were at 500-600 nm in solvents of different polarities.

Methylated Chromenoquinoline as a Novel Nucleus Fluorescent Probe for Nucleic Acid Imaging.

Two chromenoquinoline-based fluorescent probes 1a-b have been synthesized and investigated. Photofading behaviors of compounds 1a-b showed that at least 89% absorption remained after 6 h irradiating, meanwhile, many of ions and amino acids had negligible impacts on their fluorescence intensity, which meant they had excellent photostability and selectivity. Probes 1a-b exhibited strong absorption and emission in organic solvents with large fluorescence quantum yields, even in water probe 1a still had a relatively large fluorescence quantum yield (20%).

Fluorescent probes based on acridine derivatives and their application in dynamic monitoring of cell polarity variation.

Polarity and viscosity, as important microenvironment parameters, play an essential role in cell metabolism. Therefore, 9-acridine carboxaldehyde reacted with cyano compounds to obtain polarity-sensitive probes 1a-b and viscosity-sensitive probes 1c-d. Among them, with the increase in solvent polarity, the maximum emission wavelength of acridine-dicyanoisophorone-based probe 1a red-shifted from 553 nm to 594 nm, the fluorescence quantum yield increased from 0.

Distinguishing cancer cells from normal cells with an organelle-targeted fluorescent marker.

In this paper we report a hemicyanine dye that is used to distinguish cancer cells from normal cells with its ability to target different organelles. Probe 1, a red emission hemicyanine functional dye, was connected to oxazolo[4,5-]pyridine and diethylaminobenzene with a double bond. The maximum absorption peaks of probe 1 were located in the 509-552 nm range in organic solvents.

Preparation of Chromeno[]quinoline Derivatives and Their Application for Lipid Droplets Markers.

Functional dyes with a chromeno[]quinoline skeleton (-) were synthesized by one-step cyclization between coumarin derivatives and aromatic amines under the promotion of anhydrous aluminum chloride in 41.2-45.8% yields.

Near-infrared fluorescent probes based on a quinoxaline skeleton for imaging nucleic acids in mitochondria.

In this paper, two cationic probes 1a and 1b and a neutral dye 1c were successfully designed and synthesized according to the Knoevenagel condensation reaction, which combines the good optical properties of hemocyanine and the biocompatibility of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings based on a quinoxaline skeleton. Probes 1a and 1b showed an OFF-ON fluorescence response to nucleic acids with excellent selectivity. Specifically, the fluorescence intensity of probe 1a was enhanced by 18 and 133 times, respectively, along with the increase of DNA or RNA concentrations (0-600 μg mL).

The renal lineage factor PAX8 controls oncogenic signalling in kidney cancer.

Large-scale human genetic data have shown that cancer mutations display strong tissue-selectivity, but how this selectivity arises remains unclear. Here, using experimental models, functional genomics and analyses of patient samples, we demonstrate that the lineage transcription factor paired box 8 (PAX8) is required for oncogenic signalling by two common genetic alterations that cause clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) in humans: the germline variant rs7948643 at 11q13.3 and somatic inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor (VHL).

Thiocarbonyl photosensitizer, a feasible way to eliminate the photosensitizer residues in photodynamic therapy.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been successfully applied in clinical treatment several years. However, after finished treatment process the residual photosensitizer will spread throughout body, which forces patients stay in the dark room to avoid exposure in sunlight several weeks. Therefore, develop degradable photosensitizer could effectively eliminate this inconvenience.

Direct evidence for Cooper pairing without a spectral gap in a disordered superconductor above .

The idea that preformed Cooper pairs could exist in a superconductor at temperatures higher than its zero-resistance critical temperature () has been explored for unconventional, interfacial, and disordered superconductors, but direct experimental evidence is lacking. We used scanning tunneling noise spectroscopy to show that preformed Cooper pairs exist up to temperatures much higher than in the disordered superconductor titanium nitride by observing an enhancement in the shot noise that is equivalent to a change of the effective charge from one to two electron charges. We further show that the spectroscopic gap fills up rather than closes with increasing temperature.

Construction of a ratiometric phosgene probe by chromophore formation from auxochrome.

A new fluorescent probe for ratiometric detection of phosgene is reported. This probe was constructed with classic 1,8-naphthalimide and 2-(2-aminophenyl)benzimidazole by Ullmann coupling reaction. After exposure to phosgene, yellow fluorescence weakened while blue fluorescence enhanced significantly.