Interrupting Associative π-σ-π Isomerization Enables -Retentive Asymmetric Tsuji-Trost Reaction.

The asymmetric Tsuji-Trost reaction has been extensively studied due to its importance in establishing stereogenic centers, often adjacent to an -olefin moiety in organic molecules. The generally preferential formation of chiral -olefin products is believed to result from the thermodynamically more stable -π-allylpalladium intermediate. The rapid associative π-σ-π isomerization makes it challenging to synthesize chiral -olefin products via the transient -π-allylpalladium intermediate.

Decoding aging in the heart via single cell dual omics of non-cardiomyocytes.

To understand heart aging at the single-cell level, we employed single-cell dual omics (scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq) in profiling non-myocytes (non-CMs) from young, middle-aged, and elderly mice. Non-CMs, vital in heart development, physiology, and pathology, are understudied compared to cardiomyocytes. Our analysis revealed aging response heterogeneity and its dynamics over time.

Direct cardiac reprogramming via combined CRISPRa-mediated endogenous Gata4 activation and exogenous Mef2c and Tbx5 expression.

Direct cardiac reprogramming of fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes (iCMs) can be achieved by ectopic expression of cardiac transcription factors (TFs) via viral vectors. However, risks like genomic mutations, viral toxicity, and immune response limited its clinical application. Transactivation of endogenous TFs emerges as an alternative approach that may partially mitigate some of the risks.

Sox17 and Erg synergistically activate endothelial cell fate in reprogramming fibroblasts.

Sox17-Erg direct reprogramming is a potent tool for the in vitro and in vivo generation of arterial-like induced-endothelial cells from fibroblasts. In this study, we illustrate the pioneering roles of both Sox17 and Erg in the endothelial cell reprogramming process and demonstrate that emergent gene expression only occurs when both factors are co-expressed. Bioinformatic analyses and molecular validation reveal both Bach2 and Etv4 as integral mediators of Sox17-Erg reprogramming with different roles in lung and heart fibroblast reprogramming.

A Shortest Distance Priority UAV Path Planning Algorithm for Precision Agriculture.

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have made significant advances in autonomous sensing, particularly in the field of precision agriculture. Effective path planning is critical for autonomous navigation in large orchards to ensure that UAVs are able to recognize the optimal route between the start and end points. When UAVs perform tasks such as crop protection, monitoring, and data collection in orchard environments, they must be able to adapt to dynamic conditions.

AutoGeoFAIR: A framework for evaluating the sharing degree of open earth surface system data based on extended FAIR principles.

Expert participation and collaboration are an efficient, transparent, credible and innovative way to implement open scientific data management, evaluation and analytical mining. An unprecedented surge in openly accessible earth surface system (ESS) data across web platforms has emerged. This data is characterized by dispersion, multi-sourcing, heterogeneity, and multi-modality, and predominantly manifests through thematic sharing websites, data services, metadata, and journal publications, particularly data papers.

Cardiac Aging in the Multi-Omics Era: High-Throughput Sequencing Insights.

Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and the risks of both developing a disease and receiving a poor prognosis increase with age. With increasing life expectancy, understanding the mechanisms underlying heart aging has become critical. Traditional techniques have supported research into finding the physiological changes and hallmarks of cardiovascular aging, including oxidative stress, disabled macroautophagy, loss of proteostasis, and epigenetic alterations, among others.

Direct Cardiac Reprogramming in the Age of Computational Biology.

Heart disease continues to be one of the most fatal conditions worldwide. This is in part due to the maladaptive remodeling process by which ischemic cardiac tissue is replaced with a fibrotic scar. Direct cardiac reprogramming presents a unique solution for restoring injured cardiac tissue through the direct conversion of fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes, bypassing the transition through a pluripotent state.

A novel high signal-to-noise ratio fluorescent probe for real-time mitochondrial viscosity detection and imaging and .

Mitochondrial viscosity serves as a critical indicator for assessing mitochondrial functionality and offers valuable insights into cellular homeostasis. Continuous, real-time monitoring of mitochondrial viscosity is indispensable for understanding and diagnosing diseases associated with these dynamic changes. In this study, we introduce a novel mitochondrial viscosity-responsive probe named "JL-JC" which is designed by using a molecular strategy, with a classic "D-π-A" molecular structure.

The Relationship between Meaning in Life and Mental Health in Chinese Undergraduates: The Mediating Roles of Self-Esteem and Interpersonal Trust.

To explore the association and the underlying process between meaning in life and psychological health, a stratified random sampling was conducted on undergraduate students from five universities in Fujian Province from March to April 2022, with the Meaning in Life Questionnaire, the Self-Esteem Scale, the Interpersonal Trust Scale, and the Kessler10 Scale. The results indicated that 34.5% of Chinese undergraduates were in poor or worse mental health.

Direct conversion of cardiac fibroblasts into endothelial-like cells using Sox17 and Erg.

Endothelial cells are a heterogeneous population with various organ-specific and conserved functions that are critical to organ development, function, and regeneration. Here we report a Sox17-Erg direct reprogramming approach that uses cardiac fibroblasts to create differentiated endothelial cells that demonstrate endothelial-like molecular and physiological functions in vitro and in vivo. Injection of these induced endothelial cells into myocardial infarct sites after injury results in improved vascular perfusion of the scar region.

High-precision tracking and positioning for monitoring Holstein cattle.

Enhanced animal welfare has emerged as a pivotal element in contemporary precision animal husbandry, with bovine monitoring constituting a significant facet of precision agriculture. The evolution of intelligent agriculture in recent years has significantly facilitated the integration of drone flight monitoring tools and innovative systems, leveraging deep learning to interpret bovine behavior. Smart drones, outfitted with monitoring systems, have evolved into viable solutions for wildlife protection and monitoring as well as animal husbandry.

An efficient visual servo tracker for herd monitoring by UAV.

It is a challenging and meaningful task to carry out UAV-based livestock monitoring in high-altitude (more than 4500 m on average) and cold regions (annual average - 4 °C) on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The purpose of artificial intelligence (AI) is to execute automated tasks and to solve practical problems in actual applications by combining the software technology with the hardware carrier to create integrated advanced devices. Only in this way, the maximum value of AI could be realized.

570 Wh kg⁻-Grade Lithium Metal Pouch Cell with 4.9V Highly Li Conductive Armor-Like Cathode Electrolyte Interphase via Partially Fluorinated Electrolyte Engineering.

Lithium-rich manganese-based layered oxides (LRMOs) are promisingly used in high-energy lithium metal pouch cells due to high specific capacity/working voltage. However, the interfacial stability of LRMOs remains challenging. To address this question, a novel armor-like cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) model is proposed for stabilizing LRMO cathode at 4.

Single-cell chromatin profiling reveals genetic programs activating proregenerative states in nonmyocyte cells.

Cardiac regeneration requires coordinated participation of multiple cell types whereby their communications result in transient activation of proregenerative cell states. Although the molecular characteristics and lineage origins of these activated cell states and their contribution to cardiac regeneration have been studied, the extracellular signaling and the intrinsic genetic program underlying the activation of the transient functional cell states remain largely unexplored. In this study, we delineated the chromatin landscapes of the noncardiomyocytes (nonCMs) of the regenerating heart at the single-cell level and inferred the cis-regulatory architectures and trans-acting factors that control cell type-specific gene expression programs.

Fibroblast Reprogramming in Cardiac Repair.

Cardiovascular disease is one of the major causes of death worldwide. Limited proliferative capacity of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes has prompted researchers to exploit regenerative therapy after myocardial injury, such as myocardial infarction, to attenuate heart dysfunction caused by such injury. Direct cardiac reprogramming is a recently emerged promising approach to repair damaged myocardium by directly converting resident cardiac fibroblasts into cardiomyocyte-like cells.

Epigenetic Regulation of Cardiomyocyte Maturation by Arginine Methyltransferase CARM1.

Background: During the neonatal stage, the cardiomyocyte undergoes a constellation of molecular, cytoarchitectural, and functional changes known collectively as cardiomyocyte maturation to increase myocardial contractility and cardiac output. Despite the importance of cardiomyocyte maturation, the molecular mechanisms governing this critical process remain largely unexplored.

Methods: We leveraged an in vivo mosaic knockout system to characterize the role of , the founding member of protein arginine methyltransferase, in cardiomyocyte maturation.

GRAF1 integrates PINK1-Parkin signaling and actin dynamics to mediate cardiac mitochondrial homeostasis.

The serine/threonine kinase, PINK1, and the E3 ubiquitin ligase, Parkin, are known to facilitate LC3-dependent autophagosomal encasement and lysosomal clearance of dysfunctional mitochondria, and defects in this process contribute to a variety of cardiometabolic and neurological diseases. Although recent evidence indicates that dynamic actin remodeling plays an important role in PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy), the underlying signaling mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we identify the RhoGAP GRAF1 (Arhgap26) as a PINK1 substrate that regulates mitophagy.

CpG 684: an effective adjuvant for the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in mice.

Aim: This study used CpG 684 as adjuvant of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine to detect a humoral and cellular immune response in mice.

Materials & Methods: We used 10 and 20 µg CpG 684 as adjuvants of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine to immunize mice. IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgM binding antibodies were detected in serum by ELISA.

Can we stop one heart from breaking: triumphs and challenges in cardiac reprogramming.

Ischemic cardiac injury causes irreversible muscle loss and scarring, but recent years have seen dramatic advances in cardiac reprogramming, the field focused on regenerating cardiac muscle. With SARS-CoV2 increasing the age-adjusted cardiovascular disease mortality rate, it is worth evaluating the state of this field. Here, we summarize novel innovations in reprogramming strategies, insights into their mechanisms, and technologies for factor delivery.

BODIPY Based OFF-ON Fluorescent Probe for Endogenous Carbon Monoxide Imaging in Living Cells.

Carbon monoxide (CO) is one of the signaling molecules that are ubiquitous in humans, which involves in the regulation of human physiology and pathology. In this work, the probe PEC was designed and synthesized based on BODIPY fluorophore that can selectively detect CO through reducing the nitro group to amino group, resulting in a "turn-on" fluorescence response with a simultaneous increase in the concentration of CO. The response is selective over a variety of relevant reactive free radicals, ions, and amino acid species.