Prior knowledge-guided vision-transformer-based unsupervised domain adaptation for intubation prediction in lung disease at one week.

Data-driven approaches have achieved great success in various medical image analysis tasks. However, fully-supervised data-driven approaches require unprecedentedly large amounts of labeled data and often suffer from poor generalization to unseen new data due to domain shifts. Various unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) methods have been actively explored to solve these problems.

[Analysis and clinical application of preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders in a case with Spinal muscular atrophy "2+0" genotype].

Objective: To explore the clinical application of preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders (PGT-M) in an unique case with Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type 2+0.

Methods: A special SMA family presented at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University on October 19, 2020 was selected as the study subject. Multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and molecular tagging linkage analysis were carried out to identify the SMN1 genotype of the couple and their fetus.

gene inversion and duplication cause no obvious hemophilia A phenotype.

Hemophilia A (HA, OMIM#306700) is an X-linked recessive bleeding disorder caused by the defects in the gene, which encodes coagulation factor VIII (FVIII). Intron 22 inversion (Inv22) is found in about 45% of patients with severe hemophilia A. Here, we reported a male without obvious hemophilia A phenotype but bearing an inherited segmental variant duplication encompassing as well as Inv22.

Molecular Epidemiology and Hematologic Characterization of Thalassemia in Guangdong Province, Southern China.

About 2% of the population in the world are carriers of the thalassemia gene. Thalassemia is highly prevalent in Southern China, and traditional clinical testing methods would cause missed diagnosis of partial static thalassemia. Here, we reviewed and summarized a set of simple and clinically feasible thalassemia detection protocols adopted by the Prenatal Diagnosis and Reproductive Center of our hospital.

Application of Restriction Site-Associated DNA Sequencing (RAD-Seq) for Copy Number Variation and Triploidy Detection in Human.

At present, low-pass whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is frequently used in clinical research and in the screening of copy number variations (CNVs). However, there are still some challenges in the detection of triploids. Restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq) technology is a reduced-representation genome sequencing technology developed based on next-generation sequencing.

β-Arrestin 2 Regulates Inflammatory Responses against Infection through ERK1/2 Signaling.

the pathogen that causes tuberculosis, exhibits complex host-pathogen interactions. Pattern recognition receptors and their downstream signaling pathways play crucial roles in determining the outcome of infection. In particular, the scaffold protein β-arrestin 2 mediates downstream signaling of G protein-coupled receptors.

White Tip Silver Needle (Slightly Fermented White Tea) Flavonoids Help Prevent Aging via Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Effects.

Aim: White tip silver needle, a slightly fermented white tea, is abundant in flavonoids, and it has great significance in terms of D-galactose/lipopolysaccharide-induced aging in mice.

Methods: We analyzed the antioxidant capacity of white tip silver needle flavonoids (WTSNF) in vitro, assessed the effects of WTSNF on organ indexes, pathological changes, liver function indexes, biochemical indicators, molecular biological indicators, and genes related to oxidation and inflammation.

Results: Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry results showed that WTSNF contained baicalin, kaempferol, kaempferide, quercetin, isorhamnetin, lespenephryl, and rutin.

Haplotyping by linked-read sequencing (HLRS) of the genetic disease carriers for preimplantation genetic testing without a proband or relatives.

Background: In order to mitigate the risk of allele dropout (ADO) and ensure the accuracy of preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disease (PGT-M), it is necessary to construct parental haplotypes. Typically, haplotype resolution is obtained by genotyping multiple polymorphic markers in both parents and a proband or a relative. Sometimes, single sperm typing, or tests on the polar bodies may also be useful.

Heteroresistance to cefepime in Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteraemia.

Introduction: Heteroresistance to antibiotic agents can lead to diagnostic and therapeutic failures; however, to date, cefepime heteroresistance (FEP-HR) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) bacteraemia has not been characterised. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology, mechanisms and risk factors for cefepime-heteroresistant P.

Corrigendum: Carbapenem-Resistant in Southwest China: Molecular Analysis of Resistance and Risk Factors for Infections Caused by NDM-1-Producers.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.

Carbapenem-Resistant in Southwest China: Molecular Analysis of Resistance and Risk Factors for Infections Caused by NDM-1-Producers.

Carbapenem-resistant (CRE) has been considered a serious global threat, but carbapenem resistance remains relatively uncommon in , especially in China. The aim of this study was to characterize carbapenem-resistant (CR-ECL) isolates from 2012 to 2016 in Southwest China. Our study revealed that 20 (15.

Up-regulation of chemokine CXCL13 in systemic candidiasis.

Candida albicans is the leading cause of healthcare associated bloodstream infections. Chemokine CXCL13 is well-known involved in inflammation, but its role in candidemia has not been assessed. Our study firstly demonstrated that serum CXCL13 levels were significantly elevated in candidemic patients compared with bacteremic patients and control subjects by ELISA, and CXCL13 concentrations were positively and significantly correlated with clinical Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores and several laboratory parameters in patients.

Heteroresistance to carbapenems in invasive Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.

Heteroresistance is common in a variety of microbes, however carbapenem heteroresistance among invasive Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections has not been thoroughly characterised to date. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms, molecular epidemiology and risk factors for invasive carbapenem-heteroresistant P. aeruginosa (CHPA) infections between 2011 and 2015 in Chongqing, China.

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor -H1 promotes inflammatory cytokine production and intracellular mycobacterial elimination in macrophages.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), which causes tuberculosis, is a host-adapted intracellular pathogen that can live within macrophages owning to its ability to arrest phagolysosome biogenesis. The guanine nucleotide exchange factor H1 (GEF-H1) may contribute to the phagocytosis of bacteria by macrophages through mediating the crosstalk between microtubules and the actin cytoskeleton.

Microarray analysis of long noncoding RNA and mRNA expression profiles in human macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Macrophages play a crucial role in the control and elimination of invading Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), and also serve as the major residence for Mtb. However, the interaction between macrophages and Mtb remains to be clearly determined. Although long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators in many biological processes, their roles in anti-mycobacterial responses of macrophages remain to be elucidated.

MiR-381-3p Regulates the Antigen-Presenting Capability of Dendritic Cells and Represses Antituberculosis Cellular Immune Responses by Targeting CD1c.

Tuberculosis is still the widest spread infectious disease in the world, and more in-depth studies are needed on the interaction between the pathogen and the host. Due to the highest lipid components in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the CD1 family that specifically presents antigenic lipids plays important roles in the antituberculosis immunity, especially CD1c, which functions as the intracellular Ag inspector at the full intracellular range. However, downregulation of the CD1c mRNA level has been observed in M.

Identification of HLA-A*11:01-restricted Mycobacterium tuberculosis CD8(+) T cell epitopes.

New vaccines are needed to combat Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infections. The currently employed Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine is becoming ineffective, due in part to the emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) strains and the reduced immune capacity in cases of HIV coinfection. CD8(+) T cells play an important role in the protective immunity against MTB infections, and the identification of immunogenic CD8(+) T cell epitopes specific for MTB is essential for the design of peptide-based vaccines.

Analysis of Plasma Cytokine and Chemokine Profiles in Patients with and without Tuberculosis by Liquid Array-Based Multiplexed Immunoassays.

The aim of this study was to establish plasma cytokine/chemokine profiles in patients with 3 different presentations of active tuberculosis (TB), compared to the profiles observed in bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-vaccinated healthy individuals and patients with other pulmonary diseases (non-TB patients). To this end, plasma samples were collected from 151 TB patients including 68 pulmonary TB (PTB), 43 endobronchial TB, and 40 tuberculosis pleurisy (TP) patients, as well as 107 no-TB cases including 26 non-TB patients and 81 BCG-vaccinated healthy controls. A liquid array-based multiplexed immunoassay was used to screen plasma samples for 20 distinct cytokines and chemokines.

Fusion cytokine IL-2-GMCSF enhances anticancer immune responses through promoting cell-cell interactions.

Background: Potent antitumor responses can be induced through cytokine immunotherapy. Interleukin (IL)-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) are among the most effective cytokines to induce tumor-specific systemic immune responses and can act synergistically. To overcome the limitations of combined use of these two cytokines, we have constructed an IL2-GMCSF fusion protein and characterized its antitumor effects in this study.

Test-retest and between-site reliability in a multicenter fMRI study.

In the present report, estimates of test-retest and between-site reliability of fMRI assessments were produced in the context of a multicenter fMRI reliability study (FBIRN Phase 1, www.nbirn.net).

Large deformation inverse consistent elastic image registration.

This paper presents a new image registration algorithm that accommodates locally large nonlinear deformations. The algorithm concurrently estimates the forward and reverse transformations between a pair of images while minimizing the inverse consistency error between the transformations. It assumes that the two images to be registered contain topologically similar objects and were collected using the same imaging modality.

Automatic measurement of the labyrinth using image registration and a deformable inner ear atlas.

Rationale And Objectives: This article presents a new method for measuring the shape of the cochlea, vestibule, semi-circular canals, and internal auditory canal using image registration and a deformable inner ear atlas.

Materials And Methods: Computed tomography images of the inner ear are analyzed by placing them into a common orientation and then registering a digital atlas of the inner ear to the data set. The atlas is deformed from its original shape to match the shape of the inner ear in the computed tomography data set using inverse consistent elastic image registration.