Publications by authors named "Jianchun Cai"

Gastric cancer (GC) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite the widespread recognition of tumor immunotherapy in treating unresectable GC, challenges, including ineffective immunotherapy and drug resistance, persist. Therefore, understanding the regulatory mechanisms of PD-L1, particularly in the context of super-enhancers (SEs) and zinc finger protein 36 ring finger protein-like 1 (ZFP36L1) RNA-binding protein, is crucial.

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Article Synopsis
  • TLR7/8 is crucial for immune responses and plays a significant role in autoimmune diseases like lupus, but the exact mechanisms behind its activation are not fully understood.
  • The study reveals that the microRNA miR-574-5p is increased in lupus-affected tissues and correlates with disease severity, actively binding to TLR8 and triggering strong immune responses.
  • In experiments with transgenic mice, overexpression of miR-574-5p led to heightened autoimmune activity, while silencing it reduced lupus symptoms, indicating it plays a key role in the disease's progression.
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Background: Natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) is currently widely used in left-sided colorectal cancer. Some clinical comparative studies have been conducted, providing evidence of its safety and oncological benefits. However, these studies are typically characterized by small sample sizes and short postoperative follow-up periods.

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Prospective evidence regarding the combination of programmed cell death (PD)-1 and angiogenesis inhibitors in treating locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) is limited. In this multicenter, randomized, phase 2 trial (NCT04195828), patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (clinical T2-4N + M0) were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive neoadjuvant camrelizumab and apatinib combined with nab-paclitaxel plus S-1 (CA-SAP) or chemotherapy SAP alone (SAP) for 3 cycles. The primary endpoint was the major pathological response (MPR), defined as <10% residual tumor cells in resection specimens.

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Background: The accurate Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) staging of colorectal cancer (CRC) is of great guiding significance for the judgment of tumor progression and prognosis, and the formulation of treatment strategies.

Objective: The aim of this study was to construct a recurrence risk scoring (RRS) system and prognostic prediction model to improve the accuracy of staging, prognosis prediction, and clinical decision making in resectable CRC.

Methods: CRC patients who underwent radical resection were retrospectively enrolled into study.

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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth leading cause of tumor-related mortality globally and one of the most prevalent malignant tumors. To better understand the role of tumor-infiltrating B cells (TIBs) in GC, this work used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) and bulk RNA sequencing (bulk RNA-Seq) data to identify candidate hub genes. Both scRNA-Seq and bulk RNA-Seq data for stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) were obtained from the GEO and TCGA databases, respectively.

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Patients with infiltrative-type gastric cancer (GC) (Ming's classification) have a poor prognosis due to more metastasis and recurrence. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in infiltrative-type extracellular matrix (ECM) have specific characteristics compared with those of expansive types with respect to metastasis, but the mechanism is still unclear. Based on our proteomics data, TCGA data analysis, and immunohistochemical staining results, significantly higher expression of IGFBP7 was observed in GC, especially in the infiltrative type, and was associated with a poor prognosis.

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Gastric cancer, as a tumor with poor prognosis, has been widely studied. Distinguishing the types of gastric cancer is helpful. Using the transcriptome data of gastric cancer in our study, relevant proteins of mTOR signaling pathway were screened to identify key genes by four machine learning models, and the models were validated in external datasets.

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GC is a fatal disease with high heterogeneity and invasiveness. Recently, SPP1 has been reported to be involved in the tumor progression of multiple human cancers; however, the role of SPP1 in GC heterogeneity and whether it is associated with the invasiveness and mortality of GC remain unclear. Here, we combined multiple RNA sequencing approaches to evaluate the impact of SPP1 on GC.

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Objective: This study aimed to explore the clinical relevance of heat shock protein family A member 6 (HSPA6) in gastric cancer (GC) and its effect on GC cell proliferation.

Methods: HSPA6 mRNA and protein levels were analyzed by bioinformatics, RT-qPCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry. HSPA6 was correlated with clinicopathological variables by the Chi-square test.

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Background: Proteomic signatures of Ming's infiltrative gastric cancer (IGC) remain unknown.

Aim: To elucidate the molecular characteristics of IGC at the proteomics level.

Methods: Twelve pairs of IGC and adjacent normal tissues were collected and their proteomes were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

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Backgrounds: Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent cancer worldwide. A right-sided colon cancer patient typically has a worse prognosis than one who has a left-sided colon cancer. There is an unclear understanding of how left-sided colon cancer differs from right-sided colon cancer in tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) and relevant genes.

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Tumor microenvironment and heterogeneity play vital roles in the development and progression of gastric cancer (GC). In the past decade, a considerable amount of single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) studies have been published in the fields of oncology and immunology, which improve our knowledge of the GC immune microenvironment. However, much uncertainty still exists about the relationship between the macroscopic and microscopic data in transcriptomics.

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Background: The role of laparoscopic-assisted natural orifice specimen extraction (LA-NOSE) colectomy in the treatment of left-sided colon cancer has not been well defined, and there remains confusion about how to conveniently exteriorize specimens through natural orifices. Therefore, we introduced a homemade invention, the Cai tube, to facilitate the extraction of specimens and compared the clinical outcomes of LA-NOSE with conventional laparoscopic (CL) colectomy for left-sided colon cancer.

Methods: From March 2015 to August 2017, patients with left-sided colon cancer were randomly divided into LA-NOSE and CL groups.

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There are no ideal biomarkers including the TNM stage that can accurately predict the recurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC) and the benefit of chemotherapy for stage II patients. Here, 451 CRC patients were divided into three groups according to preoperative levels of prothrombin time (PT) and CEA to analyze the value of these indexes in predicting postoperative recurrence in different TNM stages. Preoperatively elevated levels of PT and CEA were significantly associated with a high 5-year cumulative recurrence rate (CRR) and short recurrence-free survival (RFS).

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Natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) is a new technique and uses natural orifice as the delivery route for specimen extraction to avoid supererogatory incision, and the safety and oncological outcomes of NOSES for right hemicolectomy are still inconclusive, so a meta-analysis was performed to compare these to conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS). Related literature comparing NOSES with CLS for right hemicolectomy, whether randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or retrospective studies, were systematically searched. A random-effect model or fixed-effect model was used based on the I value.

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Background: Laparoscopic-assisted natural orifice specimen extraction (LA-NOSE) gastrectomy effectively avoids the need for an abdominal incision, unlike conventional laparoscopic gastrectomy. In this study, we documented our experience with LA-NOSE gastrectomy using an auxiliary incision-free tube (Cai tube, a homemade invention: ZL201410168748.2) in 9 gastric cancer patients and summarized the clinical results.

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Gastric Cancer (GC) is one of the main causes leading to death. PMP22, as a member of the GAS3 family of tetraspan proteins, it is associated with a variety of neurological diseases. Recently, more and more studies have shown that PMP22 play a great role in the physiological processes such as cells adhesion, migration, proliferation and tumorigenesis, but the involvement and functional mechanisms of PMP22 in Gastric carcinoma are not investigated clearly.

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Importance: Apatinib is a novel treatment option for chemotherapy-refractory advanced gastric cancer (GC), but it has not been evaluated in patients with locally advanced GC.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of apatinib combined with S-1 plus oxaliplatin (SOX) as a neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced GC.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter, prospective, single-group, open-label, phase 2 nonrandomized controlled trial was conducted in 10 centers in southern China.

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Purpose: To determine the utility of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted imaging in quantitative analysis of preoperative tumor (T) and node (N) stages of gastric cancer, and to quantify the diagnostic threshold of IVIM parameters for serosal invasion and lymphatic metastasis.

Materials And Methods: From October 2016 to February 2020, 98 patients with gastric cancer who were receiving treatment in Zhongshan Hospital, China, were subject to an IVIM sequence imaging analysis. The IVIM sequence data were imported into software for post-processing of tumor regions of interest, and the IVIM parameters (the microvascular volume fraction (f), the molecular diffusion coefficient (D) and perfusion-related incoherent microcirculation (D*) were calculated.

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Background: Circular RNA VPS33B (circVPS33B) has been revealed to be upregulated in gastric cancer (GC) tissues. However, the role of circVPS33B in infiltrative GC is indistinct.

Methods: Expression of circVPS33B was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

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Background: To establish a primary human gastric cancer cell line.

Methods: Fresh gastric cancer tissue samples were separated into a cell suspension, and DMEM/F12 medium containing 10% foetal bovine serum was used for primary culture and subculture. The morphology of the cells was observed under a light microscope, and the cell growth curve was plotted.

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According to the growth pattern, gastric cancer (GC) could be classified into expanding-type GC and infiltrative-type GC (Ming's classification). The growth pattern of GC is often related to the malignant degree, invasion, metastasis, and other pathological characteristics of tumors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in modulating gene expression during the GC development.

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5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most effective drugs for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, there is an urgent need in reducing its systemic side effects and chemoresistance to make 5-FU-based chemotherapy more effective and less toxic in the treatment of CRC. Here, enalapril, a clinically widely used antihypertensive and anti-heart failure drug, has been verified as a chemosensitizer that extremely improves the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-FU.

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