Manganese-based nanoenzymes: from catalytic chemistry to design principle and antitumor/antibacterial therapy.

Manganese (Mn)-based materials have been extensively investigated for a wide range of biomedical applications owing to their remarkable catalytic chemistry, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) capacity, biodegradability, low toxicity, and good biosafety. In this review, we first elaborate on the catalytic principle of Mn-based nanoenzymes for antitumor and antibacterial therapy, followed by a comprehensive discussion of the interesting structural design engineering strategies used to achieve multi-dimensional Mn-based nanoarchitectures, such as zero-dimensional (0D) nanoparticles, 1D nanotubes, 2D nanosheets, 3D hollow porous Mn ball, and core-shell nanostructures. Moreover, the therapeutic applications of different Mn-based nanoenzymes, including manganese dioxide (MnO)-based nanoenzymes that can trigger catalytic reactions, Mn-doped metal nanoenzymes and Mn-coordinated nanoenzymes that promote hydroxyl/reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and MnO-based micro/nanorobots that can effectively penetrate tumor tissues, are critically reviewed.

3D Printed Bioactive Mechanical-Adaptive Polyetheretherketone Implants with Non-Invasive Tracking for Immunomodulatory Osseointegration.

Polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) has become a much-attracted biomedical implant material in orthopedic surgery, serving as a more biocompatible alternative to conventional metals. However, the inherent bioinert and mismatched mechanical surface of PEEK have limited their optimized bone fixation and repair. In this work, a PEEK implant is printed and a bioactive mechanical-adaptive surface via in situ chemical linking of photoluminescent elastomeric poly(citrate-silicon) (PCS) polymer (PEEK-PCS) is subsequently constructed, which could be used for real-time bioimaging and enhanced osseointegration.

Curcumin-enhanced NIR-II-responsive gold nanobipyramids for targeted HSP 90 inhibition.

Blockade of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) expression in multimodal synergistic therapy has a great prospect for cancer treatment. Nanomaterials combined with bioinformatic analysis provides accurate guidance for the design of anti-HSP90 nanomedicines. Herein, a NIR-II-responsive nanoplatform was developed under bioinformatics guided to effectly inhibit HSP90 for enhanced synergistic mild-photothermal chemotherapy without any notable tissue damage.

Associations of comprehensive dietary antioxidant index with postmenopausal femur bone mineral density and osteoporosis: data from the national health and nutrition examination survey.

Objectives: The study aimed to explore associations of the comprehensive dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) with femur bone mineral density (BMD) and risk of osteoporosis in American postmenopausal women.

Methods: A total of 2,862 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included in this study. The relationship between the CDAI and femur BMD was assessed via weighted multivariate linear regression model.

RECK as a Potential Crucial Molecule for the Targeted Treatment of Sepsis.

Reversion inducing cysteine rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK), a Kazal motif-containing protein, regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines production, migration of inflammatory cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Wnt pathways and plays critical roles in septic inflammatory storms and vascular endothelial dysfunction. Recently, RECK has been defined as the negative regulator of adisintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are both membrane "molecular scissors" and aggravate the poor prognosis of sepsis. To better understand the roles of RECK and the related mechanisms, we make here a systematic and in-depth review of RECK.

Kinases and their derived inhibitors from natural products.

Protein kinase dysregulation is a hallmark of many cancers, yet their tumorigenic mechanisms remain elusive despite 60 years of study. Since learning that their mechanism includes catalyzing phosphorylation of amino acids in protein substrates, researchers began devising their inhibition strategies. Initially, protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) derived from natural products were employed despite high cytotoxicity risks.

Polydopamine grafting polyether ether ketone to stabilize growth factor for efficient osteonecrosis repair.

This study examines the biocompatibility, osteogenic potential, and effectiveness of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) composites for treating osteonecrosis, seeking to establish a theoretical basis for clinical application. A range of PEEK composite materials, including sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK), polydopamine-sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK-PDA), bone-forming peptide-poly-dopamine-sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK-PDA-BFP), and vascular endothelial growth factor-poly-dopamine-sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK-PDA-VEGF), were constructed by concentrated sulfuric acid sulfonation, polydopamine modification and grafting of bioactive factors. The experiments involved adult male New Zealand rabbits aged 24-28 weeks and weighing 2.

Histopathological characteristics of PRRS and expression profiles of viral receptors in the piglet immune system.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a highly contagious viral disease that causes significant economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. PRRS virus (PRRSV) infection is a receptor-mediated endocytosis and replication process. The purpose of this study was to determine the localization and expression of four important PRRSV receptors in immunological organs of piglets.

A Multifunctional Low-Temperature Photothermal Nanomedicine for Melanoma Treatment via the Oxidative Stress Pathway Therapy.

Purpose: Melanoma is a highly aggressive and dangerous malignant skin tumor and there is an urgent need to develop effective therapeutic approaches against melanoma. The main objective of this study was to construct a multifunctional nanomedicine (GNR@PEG-Qu) to investigate its therapeutic effect on melanoma from the oxidative stress pathway.

Methods: First, the nanomedicine GNR@PEG-Qu was synthesized and characterized, and its photothermal and antioxidant properties were confirmed.

Aucklandiae radix targeted PKM2 to alleviate ulcerative colitis: Insights from the photocrosslinking target fishing technique.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing disease marked by chronic tissue inflammation that alters the integrity and function of the gut, seriously impacting patient health and quality of life. Aucklandiae Radix (AR), known as Mu Xiang in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese medicine documented in Chinese Pharmacopoeia with effects of strengthening the intestine and stopping diarrhea. However, the potential of AR in treating intestinal inflammation and its underlying mechanism have yet to be further elucidated.

Obesity aggravates the role of C-reactive protein on knee pain: A cross-sectional analysis with NHANES data.

Objective: To examine the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) and knee pain, and further explore whether this association is mediated by obesity.

Methods: The population was derived from 1999 to 2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between CRP and knee pain in three different models, and the linear trend was analyzed.

Anti-inflammatory diet reduces risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease among US adults: a nationwide survey.

Background: While dietary intervention was an important public health strategy for the prevention and intervention of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), the effect of diet-induced inflammation on MAFLD has not been studied in detail. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and MAFLD.

Methods: This study included data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018.

Development of Nitric Oxide Releasing Oxoisoaporphines with Antidepressant Activities by Simultaneously Regulating MAO-A and SERT.

The occurrence of depression is closely related to the decrease in serotonin (5-HT) levels in the synaptic cleft. Designing negative regulators aiming at intervening in MAO-A and serotonin transporter (SERT) could work synergistically to elevate synaptic 5-HT levels and thus might exhibit superior antidepressant efficacy. By linking the lead compound oxoisoaporphine to various nitric oxide donors, we endeavored to design and synthesize 10 synergistic negative regulators.

New CDDO Arylboronate Ester Derivatives with High Selectivity and Low Toxicity.

As an oleanolic acid derivative, CDDO-Me lacks selectivity for tumors. Based on the high reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in cancer cells, compound was selected from 17 new CDDO arylboronate ester derivatives. A preliminary study revealed that displayed the highest selectivity for cancer cells.

Manganese self-boosting hollow nanoenzymes with glutathione depletion for synergistic cancer chemo-chemodynamic therapy.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has outstanding potential as a combination therapy to treat cancer. However, the effectiveness of CDT in the treatment of solid tumors is limited by the overexpression of glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). GSH overexpression diminishes oxidative stress and attenuates chemotherapeutic drug-induced apoptosis in cancer cells.

No increase of soil wind erosion with the establishment of center pivot irrigation system in Mu-Us sandy land.

Center Pivot Irrigation system (CPIs) is widely used in newly exploited arable land in sandy lands. These sandy lands are currently stable because of climate change and ecological restoration efforts since the beginning of the 21st century in northern China. The exploitation of these fixed sandy lands to arable land with CPIs may affect the soil wind erosion, yet it remains unknown.

Gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells alleviate allergic asthma inflammation via HGF in animal models.

Allergic asthma is a chronic non-communicable disease characterized by lung tissue inflammation. Current treatments can alleviate the clinical symptoms to some extent, but there is still no cure. Recently, the transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has emerged as a potential approach for treating allergic asthma.

Overcoming the Incompatibility Between Electrical Conductivity and Electromagnetic Transmissivity: A Graphene Glass Fiber Fabric Design Strategy.

Conventional conductive materials such as metals are crucial functional components of conductive systems in diverse electronic instruments. However, their severe intrinsic impedance mismatch with air dielectric causes strong reflection of incident electromagnetic waves, and the resulting low electromagnetic transmissivity typically interferes with surrounding electromagnetic signal communications in modern multifunction-integrated instruments. Herein, graphene glass fiber fabric (GGFF) that merges intrinsic electrical and electromagnetic properties of graphene with dielectric attributes and highly porous macrostructure of glass fiber fabric (GFF) is innovatively developed.

Lower limb electromyographic characteristics and implications of taekwondo roundhouse kick "hit" and "miss" actions.

To compare the muscular characteristics of "hit" and "miss" actions in roundhouse kicks among taekwondo athletes, and explore the similarities, differences, and implications for training, motion tests were conducted on ten taekwondo athletes using Noraxon32 and VICON. The results showed no significant differences ( > 0.05) in integrated electromyography (EMG) during the initiation and kicking phases between "miss" and "hit" actions.

Heterogeneous ferroptosis susceptibility of macrophages caused by focal iron overload exacerbates rheumatoid arthritis.

Focal iron overload is frequently observed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), yet its functional significance remains elusive. Herein, we report that iron deposition in lesion aggravates arthritis by inducing macrophage ferroptosis. We show that excessive iron in synovial fluid positively correlates with RA disease severity as does lipid hyperoxidation of focal monocyte/macrophages.

Clinical Efficacy of Ulinastatin Combined with Azithromycin in the Treatment of Severe Pneumonia in Children and the Effects on Inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of ulinastatin (UTI) and azithromycin (AZM) combination therapy in treating severe pneumonia in children and its impact on inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 1, 2019, to January 1, 2021, involving pediatric patients diagnosed with severe mycoplasma pneumonia (SMPP). The pediatric patients were divided into two groups: those receiving UTI and AZM combination therapy (treatment group) and those receiving azithromycin alone (control group).

Targeting kinase ITK treats autoimmune arthritis via orchestrating T cell differentiation and function.

IL-2 inducible T cell kinase (ITK) is critical in T helper subset differentiation and its inhibition has been suggested for the treatment of T cell-mediated inflammatory diseases. T follicular helper (Tfh), Th17 and regulatory T cells (Treg) also play important roles in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), while the role of ITK in the development of RA and the intricate balance between effector T and regulatory T cells remains unclear. Here, we found that CD4 T cells from RA patients presented with an elevated ITK activation.

Development of novel quinoline-NO donor hybrids inducing human breast cancer cells apoptosis via inhibition of topoisomerase I.

A number of NO-releasing quinoline derivatives have been designed and synthesized by introducing NO donor to quinoline carboxylic acid fragment. The anti-proliferation of all target compounds was evaluated against human cancer cell lines (HCT-116, MCF-7, and A549), MCF-7/ADR and normal cell (MCF-10A). Most compounds showed cytotoxic activity on cancer cells and drug-resistant cells with IC values in the range of 0.

Exploring the potential mechanisms of Yi-Yi-Fu-Zi-Bai-Jiang-San therapy on the immune-inflamed phenotype of colorectal cancer via combined network pharmacology and bioinformatics analyses.

Background: The development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) is closely associated with its complex tumor microenvironment (TME). Assessment of the modified pattern of immune cell infiltration (ICI) will help increase knowledge regarding the characteristics of TME infiltration. Yi-Yi-Fu-Zi-Bai-Jiang-San (YYFZBJS) has been shown to have positive effects on the regulation of the immune microenvironment of CRC.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Esculetin-Furoxan-DEAC Ternary Hybrids for Anti-Triple Negative Breast Cancer.

Twelve new hybrid compounds of Esculetin with nitric oxide (NO) donors and/or mitochondrial targeting groups were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anti-tumor activity and mechanism and . Notably, the most potent compound exhibited nanomolar antiproliferative activity on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) MDA-MB-231 cells (IC = 8 nM) with a strikingly selective inhibitory effect. The mechanism of involves targeting MDA-MB-231 cells' mitochondria, releasing a high NO concentration, and increasing the expression of cyclophilin D (CypD), leading to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and triggering cancer cell apoptosis.