Enhanced fabrication of size-controllable chitosan-genipin nanoparticles using orifice-induced hydrodynamic cavitation: Process optimization and performance evaluation.

Chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) possess great potential in biomedical fields. Orifice-induced hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) has been used for the enhancement of fabrication of size-controllable genipin-crosslinked chitosan (chitosan-genipin) NPs based on the emulsion cross-linking (ECLK). Experiments have been performed using various plate geometries, chitosan molecular weight and under different operational parameters such as inlet pressure (1-3.

Discovery and therapeutic implications of bioactive dihydroxylated phenolic acids in patients with severe heart disease and conditions associated with inflammation and hypoxia.

Our initial studies detected elevated levels of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid (DHPLA) in urine samples of patients with severe heart disease when compared with healthy subjects. Given the reported anti-inflammatory properties of DHPLA and related dihydroxylated phenolic acids (DPAs), we embarked on an exploratory multi-centre investigation in patients with no urinary tract infections to establish the possible pathophysiological significance and therapeutic implications of these findings. Chinese and Caucasian patients being treated for severe heart disease or those conditions associated with inflammation (WBC ≥ 10 ×10/L or hsCRP ≥ 3.

A method of classification decision based on multi-BiLSTMs for physical loads hierarchy.

Human gait is systematically deformed by physical loads, this study constructs and evaluates an algorithm for classifying different levels of physical loads. The algorithm uses wearable IMUs data to classify different levels of loads. We aim to evaluate classification as strategy for multi-loads recognition for the control of wearable exoskeletons.

Ferrofluids transport in bioinspired nanochannels: Application to electrochemical biosensing with magnetic-controlled detection.

Controllable transport of ions, molecules or fluids in bioinspired nanochannels is crucial to study biointeraction occurred in confined space and also develop biosensing platforms or devices. Herein, ferrofluids transport in biofunctionalized nanochannels was investigated and a novel electrochemical biosensing platform with the characteristic of label-free, high sensitivity and rapid response was constructed. The hydrophilic ferrofluids can flux swiftly through the antibody-immobilized nanochannels with the assistance of a permanent magnet.

Electrochemical dopamine sensor based on bi-metallic Co/Zn porphyrin metal-organic framework.

Integrating other metal ions into mono-metallic metal-organic framework (MOF) to form bi-metallic MOF is an effective strategy to enhance the performance of MOFs from the internal structure. In this study, two-dimensional (2D) cobalt/zinc-porphyrin (Co/Zn-TCPP) MOF nanomaterials with different Co/Zn molar ratios were synthesised using a simple surfactant-assisted method, and novel dopamine (DA) sensing methods were constructed based on these materials. The characterisation results showed that all MOF with different Co/Zn molar ratios presented a nanofilm, and the Co and Zn elements were uniformly distributed.

A novel self-cleaning electrochemical biosensor integrating copper porphyrin-derived metal-organic framework nanofilms, G-quadruplex, and DNA nanomotors for achieving cyclic detection of lead ions.

A self-cleaning electrochemical biosensor based on two-dimensional Cu-porphyrin (Cu-TCPP) metal-organic framework nanofilms, novel super G-quadruplex (G4), and DNA nanomotors was developed for the cyclic detection of Pb ions. The Cu-TCPP framework with inherent peroxidase activity can create an ultra-thin nanofilm that functioned as a carrier to support the metastable G4 comprising four individual DNA strands. The introduction of Pb and the intercalation of hemin can help it to form stable G4-hemin DNAzymes, which exhibits strong catalytic HO reduction activity, and its number will be directly related to the amount of the introduced Pb.

Direct targeting of wild-type glucocerebrosidase by antipsychotic quetiapine improves pathogenic phenotypes in Parkinson's disease models.

Current treatments for Parkinson's disease (PD) provide only symptomatic relief, with no disease-modifying therapies identified to date. Repurposing FDA-approved drugs to treat PD could significantly shorten the time needed for and reduce the costs of drug development compared with conventional approaches. We developed an efficient strategy to screen for modulators of β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase), a lysosomal enzyme that exhibits decreased activity in patients with PD, leading to accumulation of the substrate glucosylceramide and oxidized dopamine and α-synuclein, which contribute to PD pathogenesis.

Fluorescence and electrochemical assay for bimodal detection of lead ions based on Metal-Organic framework nanosheets.

The accurate measurement of heavy metal ions is essential for human health and environmental protection. Here, we report the design of a simple and convenient bimodal strategy for signal-on, label-free lead ion detection in environmental samples based on two-dimensional metal-organic framework (2D-MOF) nanosheets. 2D-MOFs have different affinities toward guanine-rich DNA (ssGDNA) and the G-quadruplex, allowing these structures to be distinguished.

A label-free ratiometric immunoassay using bioinspired nanochannels and a smart modified electrode.

Labeling with redox reporter is often required in developing electrochemical bioassay for most proteins or nucleic acid biomarkers. Herein, a label-free ratiometric immunosensing platform is firstly developed by integrating the antibody-conjugated nanochannels with a smart modified electrode. The electrode modifier is the composite of C, tetraoctylammonium bromide (TOA) and Prussian blue (PB).

Machine Learning Algorithms Identify Pathogen-Specific Biomarkers of Clinical and Metabolomic Characteristics in Septic Patients with Bacterial Infections.

Sepsis is a high-mortality disease that is infected by bacteria, but pathogens in individual patients are difficult to diagnosis. Metabolomic changes triggered by microbial activity provide us with the possibility of accurately identifying infection. We adopted machine learning methods for training different classifiers with a clinical-metabolomic database from sepsis cases to identify the pathogen of sepsis.

Facile preparation of novel Pd nanowire networks on a polyaniline hydrogel for sensitive determination of glucose.

In this study, novel Pd nanowire networks (PdNW) grown on three-dimensional polyaniline hydrogel (3D-PANI) were prepared via a facile one-step electrodeposition approach at a constant potential of - 0.2 V and further utilized as an electrochemical sensing material for sensitive determination of glucose in alkaline medium. Compared with the sensor based on Pd nanofilm (PdNF)/3D-PANI prepared by electrodeposition at - 0.

Amplified Electrochemical Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing Based on Cu-Porphyrin Metal-Organic Framework Nanofilm and G-Quadruplex-Hemin DNAzyme.

A novel electrochemical hydrogen peroxide (HO) sensor based on Cu-porphyrin(Cu-TCPP)/G-quadruplex-hemin nanocomposite was constructed by assembling two-dimensional Cu-TCPP metal-organic framework (MOF) nanofilm and G-quadruplex-hemin DNAzyme. The Cu-TCPP synthesized by the surfactant-assisted method has a wrinkled two-dimensional nanofilm morphology, which gives it a large surface area and accessible active sites. Cu-TCPP exhibits peroxidase activity and good stability and can catalyze the reduction of HO.

Voltammetric determination of hydrogen peroxide using AuCu nanoparticles attached on polypyrrole-modified 2D metal-organic framework nanosheets.

AuCu/PPy/Cu-TCPP nanocomposites were synthesized by attaching AuCu nanoparticles to a polypyrrole (PPy)-modified 2D Cu-TCPP metal-organic framework nanosheet; Cu-TCPP can exhibit catalytic activity for the reduction of HO. Based on the nanocomposite, a new method for the determination of HO was established. The morphology of the AuCu/PPy/Cu-TCPP was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy.

Sensitive electrochemical sensing platform for selective determination of dopamine based on amorphous cobalt hydroxide/polyaniline nanofibers composites.

In this study, amorphous cobalt hydroxide/polyaniline nanofibers (Co(OH)/PANINF) composites were successfully prepared. The formation of amorphous Co(OH) with irregular surface structure was confirmed by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and selected-area electron diffraction. The non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for the selective and sensitive determination of dopamine (DA) has been constructed by using Co(OH)/PANINF composites modified glassy carbon electrode (Co(OH)/PANINF/GCE), which exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity toward DA, in a large part owing to the advantages of large surface area of amorphous Co(OH) and the synergetic effect between Co(OH) and PANINF.

A novel method to diagnose the infection of enterovirus A71 in children by detecting IgA from saliva.

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is one of the main pathogens causing hand, foot, and mouth disease, and often causes diseases of the central nervous system. Early diagnosis is important to prevent EV-A71 outbreaks. The detection of serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) is widely used for the early diagnosis of EV-A71 in clinics, especially in rural areas.

Amperometric hydrazine sensor based on the use of a gold nanoparticle-modified nanocomposite consisting of porous polydopamine, multiwalled carbon nanotubes and reduced graphene oxide.

A porous hybrid material was prepared from polydopamine-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes and reduced graphene oxide. It was employed as a supporting material for an electrochemical hydrazine sensor. Gold nanoparticles with a size of about 13 nm were placed on the material which then was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectra, FTIR and nitrogen absorption/desorption plots.

Online Signature Verification Based on a Single Template via Elastic Curve Matching.

Person verification using online handwritten signatures is one of the most widely researched behavior-biometrics. Many signature verification systems typically require five, ten, or even more signatures for an enrolled user to provide an accurate verification of the claimed identity. To mitigate this drawback, this paper proposes a new elastic curve matching using only one reference signature, which we have named the curve similarity model (CSM).

A modulator of wild-type glucocerebrosidase improves pathogenic phenotypes in dopaminergic neuronal models of Parkinson's disease.

Mutations in the gene encoding the lysosomal enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase) represent the most common risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). GCase has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for PD and current efforts are focused on chemical chaperones to translocate mutant GCase into lysosomes. However, for several -linked forms of PD and PD associated with mutations in , , and , activating wild-type GCase represents an alternative approach.

Progranulin mutations result in impaired processing of prosaposin and reduced glucocerebrosidase activity.

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a common neurogenerative disorder characterized by progressive degeneration in the frontal and temporal lobes. Heterozygous mutations in the gene encoding progranulin (PGRN) are a common genetic cause of FTD. Recently, PGRN has emerged as an important regulator of lysosomal function.

High-index {hk0} facets platinum concave nanocubes loaded on multiwall carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide nanocomposite for highly sensitive simultaneous detection of dopamine and uric acid.

Carbon materials and the metal nanocrystals enclosed by high-index facets have aroused considerable attention due to their large specific surface area, excellent electrical properties and catalysis activity, and easy accessibility for target molecules. In this study, the Pt concave nanocube (CNC) with high-index {410} and {510} facets was successfully prepared via a simple hydrothermal method. The multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and graphene oxide (GO) were chosen as the supporting materials to further improve the dispersion of Pt CNC and the electrical conductivity of nanocomposite.

Curve Similarity Model for Real-Time Gait Phase Detection Based on Ground Contact Forces.

This paper proposed a new novel method to adaptively detect gait patterns in real time through the ground contact forces (GCFs) measured by load cell. The curve similarity model (CSM) is used to identify the division of off-ground and on-ground statuses, and differentiate gait patterns based on the detection rules. Traditionally, published threshold-based methods detect gait patterns by means of setting a fixed threshold to divide the GCFs into on-ground and off-ground statuses.

A voltammetric immunoassay for the carcinoembryonic antigen using silver(I)-terephthalate metal-organic frameworks containing gold nanoparticles as a signal probe.

A voltammetric immunoassay for the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was developed using silver metal-organic frameworks (Ag-MOFs) as a signal probe. The Ag-MOFs contained a substantial amount of Ag(I) whose electrochemical signal was relatively stable. Therefore, the Ag-MOFs were viable signal probes.

Non-enzymatic electrochemical hydrogen peroxide sensing using a nanocomposite prepared from silver nanoparticles and copper (II)-porphyrin derived metal-organic framework nanosheets.

A non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide (HO) electrochemical sensor material was prepared from silver nanoparticles and a 2D copper-porphyrin framework (MOF). The structure and morphology of the nanocomposite were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the MOF has a two-dimensional sheet structure, and a large number of Ag NPs are uniformly attached to it.

One-Step Synthesis of Au@Pt-Graphene Nanocomposites and Their Electrochemical Properties.

A nanocomposite of gold@platinum core-shell nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide (Au@Ptgraphene) was synthesized by a one-step method and further fabricated into a nanohybrid electrode. This approach not only allows for better structural integration of different components on the electrode but also improves the electrochemical properties in terms of the electrocatalytic activity and capacitive performance. As employed in the electrochemical sensor, the Au@Pt-graphene-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) has a wide linear range from 0.