Effects of different salinity reduction intervals on osmoregulation, anti-oxidation and apoptosis of Eriocheir sinensis megalopa.

Eriocheir sinensis megalopa has a special life history of migrating from seawater to freshwater. In order to investigate how the megalopa adapt themselves to the freshwater environment, we designed an experiment to reduce the salinity of water from 30 ppt to 0 at rates of 30 ppt, 15 ppt, 10 ppt, and 5 ppt per 24 h to evaluate the effects of different degrees of hyposaline stress on the osmotic regulation ability and antioxidant system of the megalopa. Experimental results related to osmotic pressure regulation show that the gill tissue of megalopa in the treatment group of 30 ppt/24 h rapid reduction of salinity was damaged, while in the treatment group of 5 ppt/24 h it was intact.

Correction to: Chlorinated and brominated organic pollutants in shellfish from the Yellow Sea and East China Sea.

The article Chlorinated and brominated organic pollutants in shellfish from the Yellow Sea and East China Sea, written by Ge Yin, Lillemor Asplund, Yanling Qiu, Yihui Zhou, Hua Wang, Zongli Yao, Jianbin Jiang and Åke Bergman.

Analysis of Morphological Characteristics and Origins of Idiopathic Premature Ventricular Contractions Under a 12-Lead Electrocardiogram in Children with Structurally Normal Hearts.

Up to 40% of healthy children have premature ventricular complexes or contractions (PVCs) detected with 24-hour Holter monitoring. We aimed to investigate the morphological characteristics and origins of idiopathic PVCs under a 12-lead electrocardiogram in children with structurally normal hearts. All asymptomatic monomorphic PVC patients with structurally normal hearts under 18 years of age were included in this retrospective study.

Chlorinated and brominated organic pollutants in shellfish from the Yellow Sea and East China Sea.

The global contamination with persistent organic pollutants (POPs), or compounds with similar characteristics, is well known. Still there are data gaps for POP concentrations from many areas in the world. The aim of the present study is to assess several legacies POPs and also hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-PBDEs) in shellfish from three locations in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea.

Carvedilol has stronger anti-inflammation and anti-virus effects than metoprolol in murine model with coxsackievirus B3-induced viral myocarditis.

Aims: This study aims to compare the effects of carvedilol and metoprolol in alleviating viral myocarditis (VMC) induced by coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) in mice.

Methods: A total of 116 Balb/c mice were included in this study. Ninety-six mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with CVB3 to induce VMC.

[Effects of carvedilol on cardiomyocyte apoptosis in autoimmune myocarditis in mice].

Objective: To observe the effects of carvedilol on the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and Fas in autoimmune myocarditis (AM).

Methods: A total of 60 inbred male BALB/C mice 4 - 5 weeks of age were divided at random into 3 groups as follows: AM group (n = 20), carvedilol group (n = 20) and control group (n = 20). The mice were sacrificed after gathering blood specimens by taking out the eyeballs and hearts tissue.

[Expression of cystathionine-γ-lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway in CVB3-induced myocarditis in mice].

Objective: Previous studies have shown that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays key roles in a number of biological processes, including vasorelaxation, inflammation, apoptosis, ischemia/reperfusion and oxidative stress, which are involved in the pathogenesis of myocarditis. This study aimed to examine the expression of cystathionine-γ-lyase(CSE)/H2S pathway in mice with viral myocarditis.

Methods: Six-week-old inbred male mice were randomly assigned to control (n=25) and myocarditis group (n=30).

The dual role of the cystathionine gamma-lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway in CVB3-induced myocarditis in mice.

The present study found that serum H2S level, H2S production rate, CSE mRNA and CSE protein levels were increased in CVB3-induced myocarditis. dl-proparglygylcine (PAG), an irreversible CSE inhibitor, decreased the infected myocardium titers on postinfection day 4, while NaHS, a H2S donor, alleviated myocardial injury and necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration and interstitial edema on postinfection day 10. These data reveal that the CSE/H2S pathway is upregulated in the heart in a murine model of CVB3-induced myocarditis and that inhibition of endogenous H2S is beneficial to treatment early in the disease while administration of exogenous H2S is protective to infected myocardium during the later stage.