Effects of Imidacloprid Applied Alone or in Combination With Organosilicone Surfactants on Biological Traits and Predatory Feeding of Chrysoperla nipponensis (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae).

Organosilicone adjuvants are widely used to increase insecticide application on targeted surfaces. In this work, our aim was to investigate side effects of imidacloprid treatment, either applied alone or in combination with organosilicone compounds, against Chrysoperla nipponensis, an important predator of aphids. Four types of organosilicones were mixed with imidacloprid at different concentrations.

Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes of Chrysoperla sinica Related to Flight Capacity by Transcriptome.

The lacewing Chrysoperla sinica (Tjeder) is a common natural enemy of many insect pests in China and is frequently employed for biological control programs. Adults make migratory flights after emergence, which reduces their effectiveness as biological control agents. Previously, we proved that 2-d-old unmated females exhibited significantly stronger flight ability than 3-d-old ones.

Selection of Reference Genes for RT-qPCR Analysis Under Extrinsic Conditions in the Hawthorn Spider Mite, .

Hawthorn spider mite, Zacher, is an economically important arthropod pest for fruit trees and woody ornamental plants. Extensive and repetitive use of synthetic acaricides has led to the development of resistance in . To understand the molecular basis of pesticide resistance, and to develop genetic-based control alternatives (e.

Selection of Reference Genes for RT-qPCR Analysis Under Intrinsic Conditions in the Hawthorn Spider Mite, (Acarina: Tetranychidae).

Hawthorn spider mite, Zacher, is one of the most devastating pests of deciduous fruit trees. The overall goal of this research is to develop a standardized protocol for real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis in following the MIQE (minimum information for publication of Quantitative real time PCR experiments) guidelines. Based on the previous knowledge, we hypothesized that internal references for RT-qPCR analysis reside in housekeeping genes (HKGs).