Surgical procedures and plasma exchange for ovarian teratoma-associated anti-N-methyl D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: a case report and review of literature.

We reported a case of ovarian teratoma-associated Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis with recurrent epileptic seizures and disturbance of consciousness. Although surgical excision of the tumor remains the established standard of care, unlike other reported cases, the patient exhibited limited response to early oophorocystectomy, as well as IVIG and steroid therapy; however, a favorable response was observed with Plasma exchange (PE) initiated on postoperative day 12. Literature review revealed no definite recommended surgical extent for ovarian teratomas, and outstanding improvement in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis following PE.

Water-soluble endohedral metallofullerenes: new horizons for biomedical applications.

Endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs) offer a safe avenue to manipulate metals important to biomedical applications such as MRI contrast, X-ray contrast, radiolabeling, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and the control of inflammation by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, functionalizing the double bonds on the surface of EMFs modifies their solubility, supramolecular behaviour, binding, targeting characteristics, and physical properties. While most existing water-soluble derivatives possess a statistical mixture of appended functional groups, progress has been made in creating molecularly-precise derivatives with a defined number of surface functional groups, leading to potentially more nuanced control of their behaviour and properties.

Water-Soluble Fullerene Monoderivatives for Biomedical Applications.

Monoderivatives of fullerenes functionalized with hydrophilic groups make them water soluble, while preserving the hydrophobic fullerene cage. This class of molecules have intriguing biomedical applications, including drug delivery, photodynamic therapy (PDT), antiviral and antimicrobial activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging abilities. In this Concept we discuss the synthesis and biomedical applications of water-soluble fullerene monoderivatives and their biological behavior based on their structures.

Structurally Defined Water-Soluble Metallofullerene Derivatives towards Biomedical Applications.

Endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs) are excellent carriers of rare-earth element (REE) ions in biomedical applications because they preclude the release of toxic metal ions. However, existing approaches to synthesize water-soluble EMF derivatives yield mixtures that inhibit precise drug design. Here we report the synthesis of metallobuckytrio (MBT), a three-buckyball system, as a modular platform to develop structurally defined water-soluble EMF derivatives with ligands by choice.

Value of Presurgical F-FDG PET/CT Radiomics for Predicting Mediastinal Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma.

The aim of this study was to develop a F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) radiomic model for predicting mediastinal lymph node metastasis (LNM) in presurgical patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The study enrolled 320 patients with lung adenocarcinoma (288 internal and 32 external cases) and extracted 190 radiomic features using the LIFEx package. Optimal radiomic features to build a radiomic model were selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm.

Harnessing molecular isomerization in polymer gels for sequential logic encryption and anticounterfeiting.

Using smart photochromic and luminescent tissues in camouflage/cloaking of natural creatures has inspired efforts to develop synthetic stimuli-responsive materials for data encryption and anticounterfeiting. Although many optical data-encryption materials have been reported, they generally require only one or a simple combination of few stimuli for decryptions and rarely offer output corruptibility that prevents trial-and-error attacks. Here, we report a series of multiresponsive donor-acceptor Stenhouse adducts (DASAs) with unprecedented switching behavior and controlled reversibility via diamine conformational locking and substrate free-volume engineering and their capability of sequential logic encryption (SLE).

Synthesis of [60]- and [70]Fullerene-Fused Tetrahydroquinoxaline Derivatives by Oxidative [4 + 2] Cycloaddition with Unusual Reactivity and Regioselectivity.

The oxidative [4 + 2] reaction of -phenylenediamine-derived disulfonamides with fullerene C and C is reported, in which electron-deficient reactants showed high reactivity. The reaction of C exhibited unusual regioselectivity, yielding a [5,6]-adduct as the major product, which was characterized by H, C NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. DFT calculations revealed the reaction is an inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction, and the [5,6]-adduct of C is a kinetic product.

Differentiation of Parkinson's disease and Parkinsonism predominant multiple system atrophy in early stage by morphometrics in susceptibility weighted imaging.

Background And Purpose: We previously established a radiological protocol to discriminate multiple system atrophy-parkinsonian subtype (MSA-P) from Parkinson's disease (PD). However, we do not know if it can differentiate early stage disease. This study aimed to investigate whether the morphological and intensity changes in susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) of the lentiform nucleus (LN) could discriminate MSA-P from PD at early stages.

Gram-scale synthesis of a covalent nanocage that preserves the redox properties of encapsulated fullerenes.

Discrete nanocages provide a way to solubilize, separate, and tune the properties of fullerenes, but these 3D receptors cannot usually be synthesized easily from inexpensive starting materials, limiting their utility. Herein, we describe the first fullerene-binding nanocage (Cage) that can be made efficiently on a gram scale. Cage was prepared in up to 57% yield by the formation of pyridinium linkages between complemantary porphyrin components that are themselves readily accessible.

C-β-cyclodextrin conjugates for enhanced nucleus delivery of doxorubicin.

We demonstrate the use of water-soluble C-β-cyclodextrin conjugates to encapsulate and deliver doxorubicin to the cell nucleus. The behaviour of the fullerene aggregates inside cells is dictated by the functionalization of the C cage. While both the C conjugates are taken up by lysosomes upon cellular entry, only the one with a hydroxylated cage rapidly escaped the lysosome.

Isocyanide-Induced Annulation Leading to Cyclopento-, Methano-, and Cyclopentano-[60]Fullerene Derivatives.

The three-component annulation reactions of C, alkyl isocyanide, and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) or unsymmetric alkynes are investigated to afford cyclopent-2-en-1-imino- and ketenimine methano-[60]fullerene derivatives, which, upon hydration in the presence of acid, yield the corresponding fullerene amides. Dimethyl 2,3-pentadienedioate, the allene counterpart of DMAD, and ethyl buta-2,3-dienoate undergo four-component annulation with C, alkyl isocyanide, and water under similar conditions to yield cyclopentano-[60]fullerene derivatives with similar amide groups.

Unexpected Formation of Metallofulleroids from Multicomponent Reactions, with Crystallographic and Computational Studies of the Cluster Motion.

New multicomponent reactions involving an isocyanide, terminal or internal alkynes, and endohedral metallofullerene (EMF) Lu N@C yield metallofulleroids which are characterized by mass-spectrometry, HPLC, and multiple 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Single crystal studies revealed one ketenimine metallofulleroid has ordered Lu N cluster which is unusual for EMF monoadducts. Computational analysis, based on crystallographic data, confirm that the endohedral cluster motion is controlled by the position of the exohedral organic appendants.

Substantia Nigra Radiomics Feature Extraction of Parkinson's Disease Based on Magnitude Images of Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging.

Background: It is reported that radiomic features extracted from quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) had promising clinical value for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD). We aimed to explore the usefulness of radiomics features based on magnitude images to distinguish PD from non-PD controls.

Methods: We retrospectively recruited PD patients and controls who underwent brain 3.

Morphology and signal changes of the lentiform nucleus based on susceptibility weighted imaging in parkinsonism-predominant multiple system atrophy.

Introduction: It remains challenging to make a differential diagnosis between atypical parkinsonism and Parkinson's disease (PD) from routine neuroimaging. This case-control study aimed to quantitatively investigate both morphological and signal intensity changes in susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) of the lentiform nucleus (LN) for discriminating parkinsonism-predominant multiple system atrophy (MSA-P) from PD.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled patients with MSA-P, PD, and sex- and age-matched controls between January 2016 and November 2019 at the Movement Disorder Center who underwent 3T MR imaging of brain with SWI sequence.

Non-invasive decision support for NSCLC treatment using PET/CT radiomics.

Two major treatment strategies employed in non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC, are tyrosine kinase inhibitors, TKIs, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs. The choice of strategy is based on heterogeneous biomarkers that can dynamically change during therapy. Thus, there is a compelling need to identify comprehensive biomarkers that can be used longitudinally to help guide therapy choice.

Eye movement especially vertical oculomotor impairment as an aid to assess Parkinson's disease.

Aims: To detect abnormal eye movements in Parkinson's disease and explore its correlation with clinical characteristics and their value for diagnosis.

Methods: We recruited forty-nine Parkinson's disease patients, including 35 early Parkinson's disease patients (Hoehn-Yahr: 1 to 2 stage) and 14 advanced Parkinson's disease patients (Hoehn-Yahr: 3 to 5 stage) and 23 healthy controls. Clinical manifestations in Parkinson's disease patients were recorded.

Value of F-FDG PET/CT radiomic features to distinguish solitary lung adenocarcinoma from tuberculosis.

Purpose: To develop a predictive model by F-FDG PET/CT radiomic features and to validate the predictive value of the model for distinguishing solitary lung adenocarcinoma from tuberculosis.

Methods: A total of 235 F-FDG PET/CT patients with pathologically or follow-up confirmed lung adenocarcinoma (n = 131) or tuberculosis (n = 104) were retrospectively and randomly divided into a training (n = 163) and validation (n = 72) cohort. Based on the Transparent Reporting of Multivariable Prediction Model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis (TRIPOD), this work was belonged to TRIPOD type 2a study.

Genetic variations in catechol-O-methyltransferase gene are associated with levodopa response variability in Chinese patients with Parkinson's disease.

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is one of the main enzymes in dopamine metabolism and is reported to be associated with susceptibility to Parkinson's disease (PD) and pharmacotherapy. However, researchers mostly focus on the most common polymorphism, rs4680. In this case-control study, we investigated the association of SNPs other than rs4680 with the levodopa (L-dopa) response and other clinical features in Chinese PD patients.

A Chinese case of fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) with orthostatic tremor:case report and literature review on tremor in FXTAS.

Background: Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a late onset, X-linked genetic, neurodegenerative disorder caused by a "premutation (PM)" in the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. Here we report a case of FXTAS from mainland of China who presented with rare orthostatic tremor. A review of tremor of FXTAS in the literature is also included.

Value of pre-therapy F-FDG PET/CT radiomics in predicting EGFR mutation status in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: To assess the predictive power of pre-therapy F-FDG PET/CT-based radiomic features for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status in non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods: Two hundred and forty-eight lung cancer patients underwent pre-therapy diagnostic F-FDG PET/CT scans and were tested for genetic mutations. The LIFEx package was used to extract 47 PET and 45 CT radiomic features reflecting tumor heterogeneity and phenotype.

Dictating Nanoparticle Assembly via Systems-Level Control of Molecular Multivalency.

Nanoparticle assembly can be controlled by multivalent binding interactions between surface ligands, indicating that more precise control over these interactions is important to design complex nanoscale architectures. It has been well-established in natural materials that the arrangement of different molecular species in three dimensions can affect the ability of individual supramolecular units to coordinate their binding, thereby regulating the strength and specificity of their collective molecular interactions. However, in artificial systems, limited examples exist that quantitatively demonstrate how changes in nanoscale geometry can be used to rationally modulate the thermodynamics of individual molecular binding interactions.

Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy vs. concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy vs. concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: We reviewed data of locoregionally advanced NPC patients who underwent 2 different treatment plans, 1 with induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (IC + CCRT) and the other with only concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Reproductive risk factors associated with breast cancer in women in Bangui: a case-control study.

Background: Breast cancer (breast Ca) is recognised as a major public health problem in the world. Data on reproductive factors associated with breast Ca in the Central African Republic (CAR) is very limited. This study aimed to identify reproductive variables as risk factors for breast Ca in CAR women.