Cold Plasma as a Novel Pretreatment to Improve the Drying Kinetics and Quality of Green Peas.

Green peas, with their high moisture content, require effective drying techniques to extend shelf life while preserving quality. Traditional drying methods face challenges due to the dense structure of the seed coat and wax layer, which limits moisture migration. This study investigates cold plasma (CP) pretreatment as a novel approach to enhance drying kinetics and maintain the quality attributes of green peas.

"Raman plus X" dual-modal spectroscopy technology for food analysis: A review.

Raman spectroscopy, a nondestructive optical technique that provides detailed chemical information, has attracted growing interest in the food industry. Complementary spectroscopic methods, such as near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), terahertz (THz) spectroscopy, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), and fluorescence spectroscopy (Flu), enhance Raman spectroscopy's capabilities in various applications. The integration of Raman with these techniques, termed "Raman plus X," has shown significant potential in agri-food analysis.

A speed optimization model for connected and autonomous vehicles at expressway tunnel entrance under mixed traffic environment.

Rear-end collisions frequently occurred in the entrance zone of expressway tunnel, necessitating enhanced traffic safety through speed guidance. However, existing speed optimization models mainly focus on urban signal-controlled intersections or expressway weaving zones, neglecting research on speed optimization in expressway tunnel entrances. This paper addresses this gap by proposing a framework for a speed guidance model in the entrance zone of expressway tunnels under a mixed traffic environment, comprising both Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) and Human-driven Vehicles (HVs).

Nitrite determination in food using electrochemical sensor based on self-assembled MWCNTs/AuNPs/poly-melamine nanocomposite.

A nanocomposite of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/gold nanoparticles/poly-melamine (MWCNTs/AuNPs/PM) was designed using layer-by-layer self-assembled method on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by electrochemical deposition to construct an electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of nitrite. First, a layer of MWCNTs was modified on electrode, and then gold nanoparticles and melamine were in-situ polymerized onto MWCNTs through self-assembled technique to form GCE/MWCNTs/AuNPs/PM. MWCNTs have large specific surface area, which increased the number of gold nanoparticles deposited on MWCNTs.

Clinical value of ultrasound-guided full-needle path anesthesia in transperineal prostate biopsy: An observational study.

Background: The pain sensation in a transperineal prostate biopsy was obvious. This study explored the clinical value of ultrasound-guided full-needle path anesthesia in transperineal prostate biopsy.

Methods: Two hundred patients who underwent ultrasound-guided transperineal prostate biopsy at our department were randomly divided into 2 groups.

Dual function of magnetic nanocomposites-based SERS lateral flow strip for simultaneous detection of aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and zearalenone (ZEN) are two mycotoxins that often co-occur in corn. A surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based lateral flow immunoassay (SERS-LFIA) that can simultaneously detect AFB1 and ZEN in corn samples was developed employing the core-interlayer-satellite magnetic nanocomposites (FeO@PEI/Au@Ag) as dual-functional SERS tags. Under the optimal conditions, the detection ranges of AFB1 and ZEN in corn samples were 0.

Air and argon cold plasma effects on lipolytic enzymes inactivation, physicochemical properties and volatile profiles of lightly-milled rice.

This study investigated the effectiveness of cold-plasma treatment using air and argon as input gas on deactivation of lipolytic enzymes in lightly-milled-rice (LMR). The results showed no significant inactivation in lipase and lipoxygenase using air-plasma. However, using argon as input gas, the residual activities of lipase and lipoxygenase were reduced to 64.

Spoilage Monitoring and Early Warning for Apples in Storage Using Gas Sensors and Chemometrics.

In the process of storage and cold chain logistics, apples are prone to physical bumps or microbial infection, which easily leads to spoilage in the micro-environment, resulting in widespread infection and serious post-harvest economic losses. Thus, development of methods for monitoring apple spoilage and providing early warning of spoilage has become the focus for post-harvest loss reduction. Thus, in this study, a spoilage monitoring and early warning system was developed by measuring volatile component production during apple spoilage combined with chemometric analysis.

Development of a Sensitive SERS Method for Label-Free Detection of Hexavalent Chromium in Tea Using Carbimazole Redox Reaction.

Tea plants absorb chromium-contaminated soil and water and accumulate in tea leaves. Hexavalent chromium (Cr) is a very toxic heavy metal; excessive intake of tea containing Cr can cause serious harm to human health. A reliable and sensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method was developed using Au@Ag nanoparticles as an enhanced substrate for the determination of Cr in tea.

Dual-layers Raman reporter-tagged Au@Ag combined with core-satellite assemblies for SERS detection of Zearalenone.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a prevalent mycotoxin identified in corn. A SERS-based immunosensor by constructing core-satellite assemblies was developed for ZEN detection. ZEN monoclonal antibody modified gold nanostars (AuNSs) were fabricated as the capture probe (core).

Bisphenol A detection based on nano gold-doped molecular imprinting electrochemical sensor with enhanced sensitivity.

A facile electrochemical sensor based on nano gold-doped molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was proposed to realize the selective detection of bisphenol A (BPA) with enhanced sensitivity. Initially, gold-doped MIP (Au@MIP) film was constructed by electropolymerizing p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and BPA with in situ gold reduction to distribute gold nanoparticles nearby the imprinted cavities. Subsequently, the template molecules were further extracted from the polymer film, then the MIP could rebind with the template molecules to achieve specific detection of BPA.

Application of colorimetric sensor array coupled with machine-learning approaches for the discrimination of grains based on freshness.

Background: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in grain fluctuate depending on the degree of grain freshness. A new colorimetric sensor array (CSA) was developed as capture probes for the quantification of VOCs in grains in this work, and it was designed to monitor the variation of grain VOCs. CSA spectral data acquisition using visible-near-infrared spectroscopy and image processing of CSA's image imformation by computer were used comparatively.

Research on the correlation between three-dimensional morphology and temperature changes in potato slices during drying.

Drying is an effective method to reduce potato storage loss. However, potatoes have high porosity with high water content. Shrinkage during drying can lead to folding and cracking of the dried product form.

Three-Dimensional Appearance and Physicochemical Properties of under Different Drying Methods.

This study investigated the effects of different drying methods on the drying characteristics, three-dimensional (3D) appearance, color, total polysaccharide content (TPC), antioxidant activity, and microstructure of slices. The drying methods included hot air drying (HAD), infrared drying (ID), and microwave drying (MD). The results showed that the drying method and conditions significantly influenced the drying time, with MD having a significant advantage in reducing the drying time.

Custom-Developed Reflection-Transmission Integrated Vision System for Rapid Detection of Huanglongbing Based on the Features of Blotchy Mottled Texture and Starch Accumulation in Leaves.

Huanglongbing (HLB) is a highly contagious and devastating citrus disease that causes huge economic losses to the citrus industry. Because it cannot be cured, timely detection of the HLB infection status of plants and removal of diseased trees are effective ways to reduce losses. However, complex HLB symptoms, such as single HLB-symptomatic or zinc deficiency + HLB-positive, cannot be identified by a single reflection imaging method at present.

Detection of wheat toxigenic Aspergillus flavus based on nano-composite colorimetric sensing technology.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are an important indicator for fungal-infected wheat identification. This work proposes a novel approach for toxigenic Aspergillus flavus infected wheat identification through characteristic VOCs analyzed by nano-composite colorimetric sensors. Nanoparticles of poly styrene-co-acrylic acid (PSA), porous silica nanoparticles (PSN), and metal-organic framework (MOF) were combined with boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) to fabricate nano-composite colorimetric sensors.

Initial screening of gastric cancer using oral contrast-enhanced trans-abdominal ultrasonography in rural asymptomatic individuals.

Background & Aims: Initial screening for high-risk population of gastric cancer (GC) is needed in rural areas of large-population countries. This study aims to explore the feasibility of applying noninvasive ultrasonography as an initial screening strategy to improve the early diagnosis and prevention of GC.

Methods: Oral contrast-enhanced trans-abdominal ultrasonography (OCTU) was initially applied to screen around 15,000 residents from 24 different rural villages of Changxing Island in Shanghai, China, facilitating the identification of high-risk population for further endoscopy examination.

Rapid and sensitive detection of zearalenone in corn using SERS-based lateral flow immunosensor.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a universal mycotoxin contaminant in corn and its products. A surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based test strip was proposed for the detection of ZEN, which had the advantages of simplicity, rapidity, and high sensitivity. Core-shell Au@AgNPs with embedded reporter molecules (4-MBA) were synthesized as SERS nanoprobe, which exhibited excellent SERS signals and high stability.

Relationship Between Invasive Fungal Infection and Hypostatic Pneumonia: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: The short-term mortality of hypostatic pneumonia (HP) is very high, and the treatment outcome is poor. The clinical diagnosis and treatment are primarily focused on bacterial and viral infection, ignoring the role of fungal infection at present. This study aims to validate the relationship between Invasive Fungal Infections (IFI) and HP.

Electrochemical Self-Assembled Gold Nanoparticle SERS Substrate Coupled with Diazotization for Sensitive Detection of Nitrite.

The accurate determination of nitrite in food samples is of great significance for ensuring people's health and safety. Herein, a rapid and low-cost detection method was developed for highly sensitive and selective detection of nitrite based on a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor combined with electrochemical technology and diazo reaction. In this work, a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)/indium tin oxide (ITO) chip as a superior SERS substrate was obtained by electrochemical self-assembled AuNPs on ITO with the advantages of good uniformity, high reproducibility, and long-time stability.

Three-dimensional morphological changes of potato slices during the drying process.

Hot air drying is a common method for drying potato slices. In this paper, the three-dimensional (3D) morphological changes incurred during hot air drying of potato slices were investigated. The effect of drying on the thickness and diameter of potato slices was of special interest.

Eggshell crack detection based on the transient impact analysis and cross-correlation method.

To explore the transient impact process for cracked eggshell detection, an equivalent mechanical model was built based on a self-designed automatic excitation device. Through analysis of power spectrum from dynamic force signal, it was found that the impact speed affects only the impaction energy. In contrast, the material of the impact head and the weight of the excitation rod determine the energy and the cut-off frequency of the impaction.

Development of Highly Sensitive Immunosensor for Detection of Based on AuPdPt Trimetallic Nanoparticles Functionalized Nanocomposite.

The rapid and sensitive detection of () is essential to ensure food safety and protect humans from foodborne diseases. In this study, a sensitive and facile electrochemical immunosensor using AuPdPt trimetallic nanoparticles functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-AuPdPt) as the signal amplification platform was designed for the label-free detection of . The nanocomposite of MWCNTs-AuPdPt was prepared by an in situ growth method of loading AuPdPt trimetallic nanoparticles on the surface of MWCNTs.

Electrochemical immunosensor based on self-assembled gold nanorods for label-free and sensitive determination of Staphylococcus aureus.

An electrochemical immunosensor based on self-assembled gold nanorods on glassy carbon electrode was developed for label-free and sensitive detection of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The gold nanorods were firstly assembled on the electrode surface by using poly-(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) and poly-(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) as the linkers, followed by the functionlization of anti-S.

Simultaneous detection of TNOS and P35S in transgenic soybean based on magnetic bicolor fluorescent probes.

A magnetic-separation-dual-targets fluorescent biosensor was fabricated to detect terminator nopaline synthase (TNOS) and promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus 35s (P35S) in transgenic soybean based on incorporation of bicolor CdTe quantum dots carried by silica nanospheres. In this protocol, the fixed probes for TNOS or P35S were magnetized firstly with FeO@Au magnetic nanosphere by Au-S covalent bonding to achieve magnetized probes. Meanwhile, the capture probes for TNOS or P35S were functionalized with green or red fluorescent microspheres respectively to obtain fluorescently-labeled probes, which could emit relative strong green or red fluorescent signal.