Preoperative intravenous versus oral iron supplementation for elective surgery: evidence based on 12 randomized trials.

Aim: This study aims to clarify hematological parameters, transfusion requirements, and adverse events of preoperative intravenous (IVIS) versus oral iron supplementation (OIS) in elective surgery patients.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search across multiple databases up to 10 December 2023. Twelve RCTs involving 930 participants met our eligibility criteria.

White Tea Aqueous Extract: A Potential Anti-Aging Agent Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Senescence in .

White tea has been scientifically proven to exhibit positive biological effects in combating chronic diseases, including cancer, metabolic syndrome, etc. Nevertheless, the anti-aging activity and mechanism of white tea on organisms exposed to a high-fat diet remain unexplored. Herein, we prepared a white tea aqueous extract (WTAE) from white peony in Fuding and assessed its in vivo antioxidant and anti-aging effects by employing a senescence model induced by lard, delving into the underlying molecular mechanisms through which the WTAE contributes to lifespan improvement.

Mechanisms of Staphylococcus aureus Antibiotics Resistance Revealed by Adaptive Laboratory Evolution.

Infection caused by drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a serious public health and veterinary concern. Lack of a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying the emergence of drug-resistant strains, it makes S. aureus one of the most intractable pathogenic bacteria.

Crowd counting in domain generalization based on multi-scale attention and hierarchy level enhancement.

In order to solve the problem of weak single domain generalization ability in existing crowd counting methods, this study proposes a new crowd counting framework called Multi-scale Attention and Hierarchy level Enhancement (MAHE). Firstly, the model can focus on both the detailed features and the macro information of structural position changes through the fusion of channel attention and spatial attention. Secondly, the addition of multi-head attention feature module facilitates the model's capacity to effectively capture complex dependency relationships between sequence elements.

Deciphering the role of the MALT1-RC3H1 axis in regulating GPX4 protein stability.

Ferroptosis, a unique form of iron-dependent cell death triggered by lipid peroxidation accumulation, holds great promise for cancer therapy. Despite the crucial role of GPX4 in regulating ferroptosis, our understanding of GPX4 protein regulation remains limited. Through FACS-based genome-wide CRISPR screening, we identified MALT1 as a regulator of GPX4 protein.

A fully polydicyclopentadiene skeletonized epoxy resin system and its fundamental properties as an electronic material.

A low-cost fully dicyclopentadiene (DCPD)-networked epoxy system was designed. Compared to commercial diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A epoxy resin counterparts, the cured DCPD-based resin demonstrates excellent thermal properties ( > 250 °C) and a low dissipation factor (0.0065 at 10 GHz), indicating its potential as a promising thermoset for high-performance electronic applications.

BiTe/Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Nanomaterials as Catalysts for Thermoelectric Hydrogen Peroxide Generation.

Harnessing waste heat from environmental or industrial sources presents a promising approach to eco-friendly and sustainable chemical synthesis. In this study, we introduce a thermoelectrocatalytic (TECatal) system capable of utilizing even small amounts of heat for hydrogen peroxide (HO) production. We developed a nanohybrid structure, combining carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and BiTe nanoflakes (BiTe/CNTs), through a one-pot synthesis method.

Molecular epidemiology of herpangina in the subcenter of Beijing, China: a surveillance study during 2021-2022.

In this study, we analyzed the dynamic molecular epidemiology of herpangina based on pharyngeal swabs and demographic data collected from children with herpangina monitored in Tongzhou district in China from January 2021 to December 2022. A total of 1022 herpangina cases were diagnosed. Out of 225 samples collected, 56.

Targeting right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can improve cognitive executive function in a major depressive episode, but not depressive mood: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has emerged as a potential treatment for major depressive episodes (MDE). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of targeting the right orbitofrontal cortex (rOFC) with tDCS in improving depressed mood and cognitive function in patients with depression. A double-blind, randomized sham-controlled trial was conducted in which 70 patients with depression were randomly assigned to receive rOFC-tDCS (n = 24), left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (lDLPFC) tDCS (n = 23), or SHAM (n = 23).

Fabrication of stereocomplex-type poly(lactic acid) nanocomposites based on the selective nucleation of poly(vinyl acetate) modified cellulose nanocrystals.

The incorporation of biomass fillers into poly(lactic acid) (PLA) enantiomeric blends offers a novel strategy to promote stereocomplex (SC) crystallization while preserving the biodegradability of PLA. In this study, poly(vinyl acetate)-modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNC-PVAc) were prepared through a one-pot reaction and employed as nanofillers for PLA. The results indicate that CNC-PVAc enhances the crystallization of stereocomplex crystallites (SCs) while inhibiting the formation of homocrystallites (HCs).

Efficient HO production from a SrTiO-based thermoelectrocatalyst for harvesting low-grade waste heat.

Building on the concept of a thermoelectrocatalyst (TECatal), we propose a simple yet efficient TECatal material, vacancy defect engineered SrTiO, for stable HO production under temperature gradients. A solid-phase reaction was applied to introduce oxygen vacancies, generating free electrons and inducing a thermoelectric response in SrTiO. This approach achieved an impressive HO production rate of approximately 764 μmol L g h at a temperature gradient of 130 °C conceiving the feasibility of the thermoelectrocatalyst for harvesting low-grade waste heat.

Effect of Electrode Positioning on Electrokinetic Remediation of Contaminated Soft Clay with Surface Electrolyte.

Soft clay contamination is an increasingly global issue with significant implications for land development and human health. Electrokinetic remediation (EKR) has demonstrated significant potential for cleaning contaminated soils. It is crucial to develop efficient processes that minimize environmental impact and reduce costs.

Enhancement and mechanism of mechanical properties and functionalities of polyacrylamide/polyacrylic acid hydrogels by 1D and 2D nanocarbon.

Highly flexible hydrogels are widely used in fields such as agriculture, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. However, the simultaneous integration of excellent mechanical properties, swelling properties, and high electrical conductivity into a hydrogel is still a great challenge. This work introduces 1D tubular multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and 2D layered graphene oxide (GO) into polyacrylamide/poly-acrylic acid (PAM/PAA) hydrogels.

Enhancing the formation of functional glucosinolate degradation products in fermented broccoli stalk by-product with lactic acid bacteria.

Broccoli stalk by-product (BsBP) is rich in glucosinolates (GSLs). Its fermentation process is generally characterized by the degradation of GSLs and formation of bioactive isothiocyanates (ITCs), in which lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play an important role. The GSLs-degrading capacity of 61 LAB strains was investigated in vitro.

Pomegranate Peel-Derived Hard Carbons as Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Exploring high-performance carbon anodes that are low-cost and easily accessible is the key to the commercialization of sodium-ion batteries. Producing carbon materials from bio by-products is an intriguing strategy for sodium-ion battery anode manufacture and for high-value utilization of biomass. Herein, a novel hard carbon (PPHC) was prepared via a facile pyrolysis process followed by acid treatment using biowaste pomegranate peel as the precursor.

Comprehensive investigation on the flavor difference in five types of tea from JMD (Camellia sinensis 'Jinmudan').

Background: Jinmudan (JMD) is a high-aroma variety widely cultivated in China. The current study primarily focuses on the key volatile metabolites in JMD black and oolong teas, and investigates the impact of processing technologies on the aroma quality of JMD tea. However, few studies have explored the suitability of JMD for producing a certain type of tea or the characteristic quality differences among various JMD teas using multivariate statistical analysis methods.

High-Quality Single Crystalline ScAlN Thin Films Enabled by Precise Tuning of III/N Atomic Flux Ratio during Molecular Beam Epitaxy.

We attained wurtzite ScAlN (0.16 ≤ ≤ 0.37) thin films by varying the Sc and Al fluxes at a fixed active nitrogen flux during plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy.

The immune function of TLR4-1 gene in Octopus sinensis revealed by RNAi and RNA-seq.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of conserved pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that are crucial for initiating the innate immune response and aiding in the clearance of pathogenic organisms. Many studies have identified TLR4 as a distinctive member of the TLR family, capable of activating both the Myeloid differentiation factor 88-dependent signaling pathway (MyD88-dependent) and the TIR-domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-β dependent signaling pathway (TRIF-dependent). Nevertheless, the role of TLR4 in Cephalopoda is still largely unexplored.

Data Analysis of Heart Rate Variability and Arrhythmia in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of arrhythmia. Heart rate variability (HRV) may be associated with AF risk. The aim of this study was to test HRV indices and arrhythmias as predictors of paroxysmal AF based on 24-hour dynamic electrocardiogram recordings of patients.

Postmastectomy radiotherapy in breast reconstruction: Current controversies and trends.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) is an essential component of combined therapy for early-stage, high-risk breast cancer. Breast reconstruction (BR) is often considered for patients with breast cancer who have undergone mastectomy.

Graduate Student Literature Review: Network of flavor compounds formation and influence factors in yogurt.

Yogurt is popular as a natural and healthy food, but its flavor greatly affects acceptability by consumers. Flavor compounds of yogurt are generally produced by the metabolism of lactose, protein, and fat, and the resulting flavors include carbonyls, acids, esters, alcohols, and so on. Each flavor compound can individually provide the corresponding flavor, or it can be combined with other compounds to form a new flavor.

Exploration and evaluation of reporting quality of randomised controlled trials on blended learning in medical education.

Blended learning has been a commonly adopted teaching mode in the medical education community in recent years. Many studies have shown that the blended learning mode is superior to the traditional teaching mode. Nonetheless, pinpointing the specific advantages provided by blended teaching methods is challenging, since multiple elements influence their effectiveness.