Illuminating green fluorescent protein: Characterizing tri-peptide fluorescent chromophore, probing reactivity of cysteines, and unveiling site-directed modifications through mass spectrometry.

Bioconjugation technologies enable covalent attachment of diagnostic or therapeutic effectuators onto biological targets, allowing for the precise delivery of desired drugs to the intended targets with enhanced potency, selectivity, specificity, and prolonged duration of action. As the number of bioconjugation techniques has grown enormously, identification and in-depth characterization of in-process products play a critical role in the development of covalent drug conjugates. This is especially significant in light of the increased complexity of novel biotherapeutics derived from biological matrices.

Multimodal single-cell analyses reveal molecular markers of neuronal senescence in human drug-resistant epilepsy.

The histopathological neurons in the brain tissue of drug-resistant epilepsy exhibit aberrant cytoarchitecture and imbalanced synaptic circuit function. However, the gene expression changes of these neurons remain unknown, making it difficult to determine the diagnosis or to dissect the mechanism of drug-resistant epilepsy. By integrating whole-cell patch clamp recording and single-cell RNA-seq approaches, we identified a transcriptionally distinct subset of cortical pyramidal neurons.

Interface Effects on the Electronic and Optical Properties of Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-CN)/SnS: First-Principles Studies.

Heterojunctions have received much interest as a way to improve semiconductors' electrical and optical properties. The impact of the interface on the electrical and optical properties of g-CN/SnS was explored using first-principles calculations in this study. The results show that, at the hetero-interface, a conventional type-II band forms, resulting in a lower band gap than that in the g-CN and SnS monolayers.

Restoring the Anteroposterior Shoulder Force Couple: Arthroscopic-Assisted Lower Trapezius Tendon Transfer With Partially Augmented Rotator Cuff Repair for Irreparable Massive Rotator Cuff Tears.

Lower trapezius transfer presents a highly encouraging therapeutic approach for addressing posterosuperior irreparable massive rotator cuff tears. Based on studies on the balance of force couples of the rotator cuff, more scholars believe that attention should be paid to the reconstruction of the force couples of the rotator cuff. This study proposes a modified surgical approach that integrates an arthroscopic-assisted lower trapezius transfer with autologous hamstring tendon and partially augmented rotator cuff repair for irreparable massive rotator cuff tears, with a focus on restoring the anterior-posterior shoulder force couple.

NtWRKY28 orchestrates flavonoid and lignin biosynthesis to defense aphid attack in tobacco plants.

WRKY transcript factors(TFs) play crucial roles in plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, how WRKY TFs response to aphid feeding are still poorly understood. Herein, NtWRKY28, a tobacco WRKY transcript factor gene induced by Myzus persicae feeding, was identified, and its regulatory roles were characterized in response to Myzus persicae feeding.

γδ T-cell autoresponses to ectopic membrane proteins: a new type of pattern recognition.

T-cell receptor (TCR) γδ-expressing cells are conserved lymphocytes of innate immunity involved in first-line defense and immune surveillance. TCRγδ recognizes protein/nonprotein ligands without the help of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), especially via direct binding to protein ligands, which is dependent primarily on the δ chain complementary determining region 3 (CDR3δ). However, the mechanism of protein‒antigen recognition by human γδ TCRs remains poorly defined.

Fukushima Contaminated Water Risk Factor: Global Implications.

The discharge of Fukushima radioactively contaminated water into the Pacific Ocean started in August 2023, posing comprehensive threats to marine ecosystems and human health globally. This study introduces the Fukushima Contaminated Water Risk Factor (FCWRF), which integrates three components─radionuclide diffusion, bioaccumulation, and global seafood trade─to evaluate the spatiotemporal distribution of risks based on actual discharge practices. Results suggest that comprehensive risks exceeding 2 orders of magnitude beyond the baseline will be transferred to six continents globally.

Rising groundwater table due to restoration projects amplifies earthquake induced liquefaction risk in Beijing.

Groundwater restoration is increasingly common to mitigate groundwater overexploitation, which proves effective in resolving urban water scarcity and regional unsustainable development. China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project is one of the largest water transfer projects to restore groundwater and resolve water shortage in Beijing. However, how the rapidly restored groundwater of this magnitude changes regional seismic stability is largely unknown.

Elucidating the mechanism of the first Chinese herbal formula Shuangxia Decoction to alleviate insomnia using multi-omics technologies.

Background: Shuangxia Decoction (SXD), evolved from " Banxia Shumi Decoction", is composed of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Makino and Prunella vulgarisl. SXD has been used to treat insomnia and is considered the first traditional Chinese herbal formula developed specifically for the treatment of insomnia.

Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and phylogenetic analysis of contamination and transmission in yellow-feathered broiler hatcheries in China.

is a significant avian pathogen causing infectious diseases in poultry, with hatching playing a crucial role in its transmission. Despite its importance, systematic research on transmission in hatcheries remains limited. This study evaluates the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of throughout all production stages in yellow-feathered broiler hatcheries: laying, egg storage, incubating, hatching, and post-hatch.

Typhimurium persistently infects host via its effector SseJ-induced PHB2-mediated mitophagy.

Despite decades of research on effective methods to resist serovar Typhimurium (. Typhimurium) pathogenicity, the mechanisms of . Typhimurium-host interactions have not been fully determined.

Size Effect and Interfacial Synergy Enhancement of 2D Ultrathin CoZn-MOF/rGO for Boosting Lithium-Sulfur Battery Performance.

Advanced cathode materials are developed to tackle the challenges of the polysulfide shuttle effect and slow sulfur redox kinetics in Li-S batteries. A particularly effective strategy is the creation of nanostructured sulfur-host, which boast high levels of conductivity and catalytic activity. Here, a series of ultrathin cobalt-zinc bimetallic MOFs with varying ratios are synthesized on rGO via a one-pot hydrothermal process.

Apelin/APJ system: a novel promising target for anti-oxidative stress in stroke.

The apelin/APJ system has garnered increasing attention in recent years. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the physiological and pathological mechanisms of the apelin/APJ system in stroke. The apelin/APJ system is widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS).

Regional Analgesia in Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis.

Various regional analgesia techniques are used to reduce postoperative pain in pediatric patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgeries. This study aimed to determine the relative efficacy of regional analgesic interventions. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched to identify all randomized controlled studies evaluating the effects of regional block after cardiothoracic surgery.

GhRac9 improves cotton resistance to Verticillium dahliae via regulating ROS production and lignin content.

Rac/Rop proteins, a kind of unique small GTPases in plants, play crucial roles in plant growth and development and in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, it is poorly understood whether cotton Rac/Rop protein genes are involved in mediating cotton resistance to Verticillium dahliae. Here, we focused on the function and mechanism of cotton Rac/Rop gene GhRac9 in the defense response to Verticillium dahliae infection.

Risk factors for prolonged surgical duration of tracheobronchial foreign body removal in children: a single-center retrospective study.

Object: This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics of children with tracheobronchial foreign body and to investigate the factors influencing the surgical duration of rigid bronchoscopic foreign body removal under general anesthesia.

Methods: We retrospectively identified 421 children diagnosed with tracheobronchial foreign body undergoing rigid bronchoscopy between January 2020 and December 2021. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on patient demographics, including age, weight, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification, foreign body type and location, duration of foreign body retention, preoperative symptoms, signs, imaging findings, tracheobronchial manifestations observed during bronchoscopy, and surgical durations.

Degradation mechanism of PGNa by the immobilized degrading enzymes from magnetic fermentation residue biochar.

The development of a method to efficiently remove high concentrations of penicillin G sodium (PGNa) from the environment is important for human and animal health and safety. In this study, the degradative enzymes were immobilized by adsorption using biochar from penicillin fermentation waste residue, which could efficiently remove PGNa (900 mg/L) from an aqueous solution, with a removal rate of 99.84 % within 20 min.

An enzyme-activated loop primer probe LAMP method based on a new SNP site in the group_17537 gene for rapid on-site detection of Salmonella Pullorum.

Pullorum disease (PD) is a widespread disease that causes significant economic losses within the poultry industry of developing countries. An effective strategy for its prevention and control involves the implementation of decontamination procedures utilizing highly specific on-site detection techniques. In this study, a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) site within the group_17537 gene of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum biovars Pullorum (S.

Newly identified c-di-GMP pathway putative EAL domain gene STM0343 regulates stress resistance and virulence in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium.

S. Typhimurium is a significant zoonotic pathogen, and its survival and transmission rely on stress resistance and virulence factors. Therefore, identifying key regulatory elements is crucial for preventing and controlling S.

Clinical evaluation of bispectral index-guided closed-loop infusion of propofol for preschool children: A multi-center randomized controlled study.

Importance: The closed-loop infusion system can automatically adjust and maintain the depth of anesthesia by using the propofol target-controlled infusion (TCI) model under the feedback guidance of the bispectral index (BIS).

Objective: To evaluate the safety and superiority of closed-loop TCI of propofol guided by BIS during maintenance of generalized intravenous anesthesia for preschool children.

Methods: A total of 120 children aged 1-6 years were enrolled and were divided into a closed-loop feedback group (Group C) and an open-loop manual control group (Group O), with 60 participants in each group.

Advances in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Natural Killer Cell Therapy.

Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes of the innate immune system capable of killing virus-infected cells and/or cancer cells. The commonly used NK cells for therapeutic applications include primary NK cells and immortalized NK cell lines. However, primary NK cell therapy faces limitations due to its restricted proliferation capacity and challenges in stable storage.

Polyimide/cellulose composite membrane with excellent heat-resistance and fast lithium-ion transport for lithium-ion batteries.

Polyimide membranes have long been of great interest in the battery industries due to their outstanding thermal stability and flame retardancy. However, the preparation of polyimide membranes with ideal pore structure and excellent lithium-ion transference remains a challenge. In this study, we reported for the first time, that a nano-porous fluorinated and partially carboxylated polyimide/cellulose composite membrane was successfully synthesized by selected monomers and prepared by thermal imidization, phase separation, and alkaline hydrolysis method.

Inoculation of thermophilic bacteria from giant panda feces into cattle manure reduces gas emissions and decreases resistance gene prevalence in short-term composting.

Here, thermophilic bacteria (TB) with cellulose degradation functions were screened from composting panda feces and applied to cattle manure composting. TB (Aeribacillus pallidus G5 and Parageobacillus toebii G12) inoculation led to remarkable improvement of the compost temperature, prolonging of the thermophilic stage and shortening of the composting process, resulting in increased manure harmlessness (GI ≥ 70%), compost humification, and greenhouse gas emission reduction (14.19%-22.